巻号一覧
27 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
高橋 亨, 佐藤 一郎1971 年 27 巻 10 号 p. 419-426
発行日: 1971/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe dimensional changes of tubular extruded polyethylene films in uniaxial stretching was discussed qualitatively in relation to the initial orientation of the crystalline phase. The orientation behavior is investigated by means of X-ray pole figure technique and biaxial orientation.
From the experimental results, it was confirmed that the behavior of transverse-and thicknessanisotropic dimensional decrease of film is mainly related with the initial orientation of the b-axis. That is; if a film in which the b axis major orient parallel to the film normal and is stretched in the machine direction, the a- and c-axes are shifted parallel to the film surface, and a stretched texture occurs as a result of inducing the slip on a (100) plane with the a-axis parallel to the transvease direction of film and the b-axis parallel to the film normal. In this case, the length of the film decreases in the transverse direction than in thickness.
In terms of crystal orientation the structure of ordinary extruded film is a combination of two simple types of structure, i. e. the crystallites whose b-axes are major oriented in parallel to the transverse direction of the film and in parallel to the film normal. If the film is stretched in the machine direction, the a-axis rotates around the b-axis, and the a-axes are separated rather definitely into those oriented parallel to the film normal and those oriented parallel to the transverse direction as limiting cases. Then the film deformation proceeds with the (100) [001) slip. The length of film decrease in thickness and transverse direction, and the difference of which depends upon the values of and prior to the deformation: if the value of is substantially larger than that of the decrease in thickness is larger than that in the transverse direction.
It is certain that the crystal orientation has some effects on the film deformation, irrespective of high or low-density polyethylene and it is recognized that the film deformation proceeds with the common mechanism in both films.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (542K) -
田中 善蔵1971 年 27 巻 10 号 p. 427-432
発行日: 1971/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe molecular weight (degree of polymerization) of the PMMA in the MMA-grafted viscose, which was obtained by graft polymerization in the absence of initiators in emulsion, was investigated.
The PMMA contained in the grafted rayon was isolated from cellulose back bone by the acid hydrolysis and its intrinsic viscosity was measured in acetone.
1. With increasing time of polymerization, the degree of polymerization increased to have a maximum (6.42×104) at 60min., and then decreased. The number of PMMA branches per cellulose chain increased steadily with increasing time.
2. The emulsitier affects the degree of polymerization and number of PMMA branches per cellulose chain. The number of the branches was remarkably influenced, and the non-ionic surfactants gave the larger number than anionic and cationic ones.
3. The effect of concentration of emulsifier (Noigen YX-500) on the degree of polymerization was considerable. The degree of polymerization decreased with increasing concentration. On the other hand, the number of PMMA branches increased to attain a maximum and then decreased.
4. The degree of polymerization of the PMMA branches were higher than those of the free PMMA.
5. The effect of temperature on the degree of polymerization changed depending on the conditions. In the case of polymerization in vacuum, the degree of polymerization at 45°C was high (9.3_??_12.7×104), and at 65°C and 75°C it lowered. On the other hand, in the case of usual procedure in a flask, the degree of polymerization at 80°C was slightly higher than that at 70°C.
6. The physical properties depended on the number of PMMA branches.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (457K) -
多賀 透, 今村 力造1971 年 27 巻 10 号 p. 433-438
発行日: 1971/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to obtain crosslinking reagent with hign molecular weight, acrolein was polymerized by radical process. The aldehyde group in acrolein monomer is stable and not hydrated even in aqueous solution without catalyzer. But after the polymerization by radical process, aldehyde group in acrolein can be easily raised to activated state and forms aldehydehydrate ether linkage, which is chemically inactive. White powdery polyacrolein obtained by radical process in aqueous solution was chemically inactive and did not melt, and did not dissolve in any organic solvents at room temperature, except in pyridine aqueous solution. However this polymer dissolved in NaOH aqueous solution and SO2 aqueous solution, to form derivatives. It may be concluded from the above results, that polyacrolein, polymerized in aqueous solution, is not suitable to the crosslinking reagent of celullose. Other method should be adopted to gain chemically reactive polyacrolein.
While, acrolein was polymerized in alcohol solution by radical process, to produce transparent block which was soluble in dioxane, DMF and DMSO at room temperature, but insoluble in 12% SO2 aqueous solution. Aldehyde groups in transparent block are acetalyzed to form unstable hemiacetal linkages, and several days after the polymerization, this resulting colorless transparent block became brown and brittle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (439K) -
多賀 透, 米井 征治, 今村 力造1971 年 27 巻 10 号 p. 439-445
発行日: 1971/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWhite powdery polyacrolein, of which aldehyde groups were hydrated and chemically inactive, was heated under N2 atmosphere, in order to deprive hydrating water and to regenerate free aldehyde groups. But by heating hydrated aldehyde groups condensed with elimination of water molecule to form chemically stable ether linkage.
After the condensation was almost completed, the regeneration of free aldehyde groups occured accompanied by the following simultaneous breaking of ether linkages.
Thus, it is difficult to obtain chemically active polyacrolein by heating hydrated polyacrolein.
Then another proccedure was proposed. CH (OH) SO3H groups, which are chemically as active as free aldehyde groups, were introduced to hydrated polyacrolein, by steeping the white powdery polyacrolein in SO2 aqueous solution at room temperature. Polyacrolein -CH(OH)SO3H was easily obtained after steeping for 24hrs. But it was impossible, by the easy dissociation of introduced CH(OH)SO3H groups and the formation of ether linkage, to isolate chemically active polyacrolein -CH(OH)SO3H from the aqueous solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (470K) -
田島 純一1971 年 27 巻 10 号 p. 446-449
発行日: 1971/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to investigate the effect of dyeing on the static electrification, nylon fabrics were dyed with purified azo disperse dyes in water at 85°C for 2 hours. The surface resistivities, charge generation, half-decay time of charge and moisture content were measured in atmosphere at 20°C, 50% R. H.. The results are discussed in relation to the amount of the dye uptake.
The results obtained are as follows;
1) All dyed fabrics increased their surface resistivities compared with those before dyeing and the half-decay time also increased with exception of a sample.
2) It was found that there would be the difference of the effects of dye on the surface resistivity between the dyes with nitro group and without it.
3) It was found that there is a good correlation between surface resistivity and half-decay time of charge.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (283K) -
田島 純一1971 年 27 巻 10 号 p. 450-455
発行日: 1971/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPurified acid dyes were used to study the effect on the static electrification of nylon fabrics dyed in water without any agents at 85°C for 2 hours.
As pointed out in earlier papers, the values of surface resistivity, charge generation, half-decay time of charge and moisture content were determined, then compared with the amount of the dye adsorbd and chemical structure of dyes.
As a result of measurement, surface resistivities of all dyed fabrics were found increased in comparison with that of before dyeing such as dyed with anthraquinone and azo disperse dyes as reported already.
In discussing the effect due to dye adsorbed to increase the surface resistivity, it seems reasonable to consider the adsorption of dyes to hydrophilic groups on the surface of fiber.
Almost all dyed fabrics increased the half-decay time of charge. It has been found that there is a good correlation between surface resistivity and half-decay time of charge.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (362K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|