巻号一覧
18 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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第11報 湿式紡糸における水洗効果について陶山 英成, 佐竹 聖順, 石井 正雄, 清田 正孝1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 317-320
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn wet spinning of polyvinyl alcohol fibers, aqueous solutions saturated with salt such as sodium sulfate are usually employd as a coagulation bath. However, sodium sulfate salted out during drying process obstructs the operation such as heat-treatment. As the polyvinyl alcohol fibers, stretched adequately in coagulation bath, become insoluble in water under tension, the effects of washing on the fibers were investigated under the conditions mentioned above. The conclusions were as follows.
By washing the stretched fibers under tension, the operations such as drying and heating process became smooth and the strength of the fibers thus removed salt was improved.
Conventional wet-spun polyvinyl alcohol fibers microscopically two regions, i.e. the skin and core regions, and show a paler and duller shade as compared with the dry-spun polyvinyl alcohol fibers under same dyeing conditions. Such properties of dyeings seems mainly to be due to the presence of a porous structure of the core in the wet-spun fibers. By stretching the wet-spun fibers at adequate ratio, washing at adequate interval and succeeding drying at high temperature, such fiber structure disappears. The fibers heat-treated and formalized after above treatment show a deeper and brighter shade as compared with conventional wet-spun fibers under same dyeing conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (294K) -
第12報 乾式紡糸における平均重合度,重合分布の影響渦巻 光孝, 陶山 英成1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 321-325,317
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe relation between the average degree of polymerization (D. P.) or its distribution of polyvinyl alcohol (P. V. A.) and physical properties of dry spun fiber was investigated.
The stretchability of the obtained fiber was gradually reduced by raising average D. P. but wasremarkably improved by narrowing D. P. distribution. Furthermore, as the results of the continued studies, the poor stretchability was obvious due to the presence of larger molecules in P. V. A. In such case, the fact that the drawn fiber at approx. maximum draw ratio became milky fiber and then was broken.
On the study of a few mechanical properties in addition to the above stretchability, it was understood that the tenacity, the elongation, and the hot water resistance were almost independent of the D. P. distribution of P. V. A., but only the hot water resistance was greatly dependent upon the average D. P. of P. V. A.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (956K) -
第4報 PVAおよびPVA繊維の性能におよぼす重合溶剤の影響石井 正雄, 今井 正史1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 326-330
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWe studied previously the effect of polymerization temperature on the qualities of P. V. A. and the properties of its fibre, and the qualities of P. V. A. and the boiling-water resistance of its fibre were found improved by low temperature polymerization. In order to improve the qualities of P. V. A. as spinning material, the effect of the polymerization solvents at 20°C in the presence of tri-n-butylboron catalyst on the qualities of P. V. A. was also studied.
Results obtained were: that there was no better solvent than methanol and the degree of swelling of P. V. A. film, the iodine adsorption, the rate of preipitation in dimethylsulfoxide-water system, and the boiling water resistance of the heat treated fibre were affected by the polymerization solvents.
Such phenomena seem to depend upon the solvent which affects somewhat on polymer structure in propagation reaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (387K) -
I 硫酸触媒による形成過程 II 硫酸触媒による形成機構寺崎 巌1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 331-340
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (747K) -
角 祐一郎, 大江 礼三郎, 軒原 栄三1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 341-344
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of refining conditions on the filtrability of viscose was studied, and suitable refining conditions for good filtrability were determined. The results are as follows:
(1) Of the various treatments which comprise the refining process, the hot alkaline treatment has the greatest effect on the filtrability of viscose.
(2) The use of low surfactant concentrations does not improve the effectiveness of the hot alkaline treatment in removing resin, and therefore does not improve the filtrability of the viscose.
(3) Three unbleached pulps of difering initial D. P. were subjected to hypochlorite treatments of varying intensity until cuprammonium viscosity (JIS) of 4.5 was achieved. The filtrability of the viscose prepared from the pulp was almost the same for the three pulps.
(4) The removal of short fibers by screening and the use of a chiorlne dioxide final stage in refining both improved the filtrability of viscose. However, the improvement in both cases was not as great as that caused by hot alkaline treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (333K) -
第6報 陽イオン・非イオン混合活性剤による亜硫酸パルプの脱樹脂山田 博, 松枝 弘一, 木村 和三郎1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 345-348
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDeresination effects of mixtures of cationic with nonionic surfactant was evaluated during hot alkali refining in a conventional multi-stage refining process of sulfite pulp. A mixture of lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride (1) with polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (n=9) (II) showed a synergistic effect in the mixing ratio of 1:1, when employed in the refining of sulfite pulp from freshly-cut softwood. Surfactant mixtures comprising (I) and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (n=7) also showed improved effectiveness for softwood sulfite pulp in the mixing ratio of 1:1 to 1:4. The mixture of (I) with (II) proved to be poor deresination agent for hardwood sulfite pulp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (277K) -
第7報 ハイドロトロビック助剤配合活性剤による亜硫酸パルプの脱樹脂山田 博, 木村 和三郎1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 348-352,345
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDeresination effects of surfactants containing hydrotropic agent was evaluated during hot alkali refining in a conventional multi-stage refining process of sulfite pulp. When mixtures of sodium xylene sulfonate (I) with polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (n=9) (II) were employed in the refining of sulfite pulp from fresh softwood, synergistic deresination effect was observed in the mixing ratio of 1:1 to 1:2 (i.e. (I) 50 to 33%, (II) 50 of 67%.) The deresination effect was also improved when (I) was mixed as a third component with surfactant mixtures comprising sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (III) and (II). Though ternary surfactant mixture comprising (I) (or sodium tetralin sulfonate) 1 part, (III) 1 part and (II) 2 parts cannot reduce the resin content of refined pulp below the maximum allowable for the pulp obtained from such wood as several days after felling, it is an excellent deresination agent for the pulp from wood seasoned for five to six months, and the amount to be added may be one twentieth of commercially available anionics.
When mixtures of (I) (or sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate) with polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (n=11) were applied in the refining of hardwood sulfite pulp, no synergistic effect was observed, but deresination effects of the mixtures were practically the same as with nonionic surfactant alone if the mixing ratio of hydrotropic agent is less than 50%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (530K) -
第8報 ナフタリンスルフォン酸ナトリウム・ホルマリン縮合体配合活性剤による亜硫酸パルプの脱樹脂山田 博, 木村 和三郎1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 352-355,346
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDeresination effect of surfactants containing the condensate of sodium naphthalene sulfonate with formalin was evaluated during hot alkali refining in a conventional multi-stage refining process of sulfite pulp. When mixtures of Tamol N (I) with polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (n=9) (II) were employed in the refining of sulfite pulp obtained from fresh softwood, synergistic deresination effect was observed in the mixing ratio of 1:1 to 1:2 (i.e. (1) 50 to 33%, (II) 50 to 67%.) Seven kinds of condensate of sodium naphthalene sulfonate (or sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate) with formalin were mixed with (II), and the mixtures were evaluated similarly. In the case of (I), the result was again very good. But with two condensates, the results were doubtful and with four condensates, none of mixing effect was obtained. When mixtures of (I) with (II) were applied in the refining of hardwood sulfite pulp, the deresination effect was poor on the contrary to that for softwood pulp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (347K) -
片山 明, 黒木 宣彦, 小西 謙三1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 356-360
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe amount of acid dye adsorbed by Vinylon in the presence of each of four salts (equimolar quantities), namely, NaCl, NaBr, NaNO3 and NaSCN, was measured at various temperatures. The affinity, heat of dyeing and entropy of dyeing corresponding to each salt were calculated. It was found that the order of anions by which the affinity of the dye for Vinylon is increased was as follows,
This order is in acordance with that of the dehydration effect of the added anions. To explain this result, it is assumed that the dye molecule in solution may be partialy dehydrated by added salt even at the dyeing temperature, and that such a partial dehydration of the dye molecule may give rise to increase the affinity of the dye for comparatively hydrophobic Vinylon. According to this assumption, the dye will show even higher affinity, if the dehydration effect of the added salt becomes more effective. The heat entropy of dyeing increases in the order of the dehydration effect of the added salt, too. The results discussed in connection with the dehydration effects of the added salt.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (404K) -
第1報 第2報 高温における染料分散剤としてのα-スルホ脂肪酸塩類永田 章, 水野 通雄, 今堀 精一, 木村 和三郎1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 361-370
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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猪子 忠徳1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 371-372
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーEight sorts of resin finished cotton fabric were tested.
A sample (10×10cm) was extracted with 50ml. of 1/10N H2SO4 at 60°C for one hour. The solution was evaporated to 5ml. and was carefully neutralized using Congo red paper with BaCO3 and then was centrifuged. The head clear solution was then spotted on the center of line drawn cross the strip of Toyo Rosi No.50 filter paper (2×40cm) about 3cm from one end, Then it was developed at room temperature with solvent (Butanol:Ethanol:water=4:1:2) by ascending chromatography. Tolens reagent was sprayed on the paper to detect spots. Measuring Rf of the coloured spots, the resin on cotton fabric was identified.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (155K) -
長野 正満1962 年 18 巻 4 号 p. 373-381
発行日: 1962/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (666K)
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