巻号一覧
14 巻, 6 号
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岸本 忠次郎1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 357-363
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (618K) -
第1報 ビスコースのモデル的考察河村 岩男, 一志 道生1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 364-369
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーInvestigations were made to find the relation between the flow of viscose and the shape of nozzle. Using different kinds of nozzles both in length and shape, we measured the flow properties of viscose under pressure, and correction factors C of the modified Bernoulli's equation, was calculated.
To show the shape and length of nozzle numerically, the following terms are defined Equivalent length=(A2-A1) (Shape factor) (Nomenclature is given in Fig.2)
The correlation between the characteristics of plotts in C versus the flow speed and the shape of nozzles was found, C is given in a general formula, C=mu+b where m=A(shape factor)+B log(b)=α(Equivalent length)+β
The microscopic observation was made of the point where viscose left the nozzle into the coagulation liquid, and it moves into the nozzle hole as the nozzle draft is increased. Using the general formula on C, the easiness of the point to move into the nozzle was calculated and the results show that the larger the vertical angle of cone formed of nozzle hole the more difficult for thepoint to move into nozzle hole.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (400K) -
第2報 ビスコースとノズル壁の接着力の測定河村 岩男, 一志 道生1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 369-373,364
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe adhesive force of viscose to the surface of nozzle in a coagulation liquid is generally considered to cause the clogging of nozzle hole. An apparatus to measure the adhesive force is showed in Fig.1, 2mg of viscose was put between the pieces and as soon as the pieces with viscose was soaked into coagulation liquid, one piece was pulled down to the tangential direction of it's surface, and the force to tear off the pieces was measured. The adhesive force can be exprsessed with the quotient of the force to tear off the pieces by the perimeter of piece surface.
The results were as follows:
1. With the increase of concentration, H2SO4 decreased the adhesive force and Na2SO4 and ZnSO4 incrased it.
2. With the increase of concentration of surface active agent in viscose or coagulation liquid, the adhesive force decreased but some surface active agents had no influence in the adhesive force of viscose, though they could decrease the surface tension.
3. The influence of surface active agents on the adhesive force can be affected by Na2S and Na2CS3. In one case the adhesive force decreased with the increase of their concentration and in another case the adhesive force increased. This shows that there might be a mutual reaction of these salts and the surface active agents, and it might also affect either the adhesion of viscose to the surface or coagulation and regeneration process of viscose.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (475K) -
高橋 正夫1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 374-377
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーUndrawn filaments of poly-trans-quinitol adipate and sebacate were obtained by melt spinning of these polymers.
By drawing filaments at 95° in a water bath, maximum drawing ratio reached to 10 times for sebacate and 4 times for adipate. Specific gravities of filaments were also increased by hot drawing.
Stress-strain curves of these drawn and undrawn filaments were obtained by Instron tensile tester. Tensile strength and elongation of maximum drawn filaments were 3.9g/d and 12% for sebacate, and 2.8g/d and 9% for adipate. The decrease of tensile strength of these hot drawn filaments by exposure to ultraviolet light was almost of the same grade against these of the existing practical fibers.
It has been shown through X-ray diffraction patterns of drawn and undrawn filaments that there was good crystallinity, and calculated values for identity periods were 13.5Å for adipate and 18.5Å for sebacate respectively.
The anther discussed the possible configuration of molecular chain of trans-quinitol polyester through these values.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1098K) -
第1報 6ナイロンのフェノール収着量の測定法について金綱 久明1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 378-381
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー6 nylon fibres remarkably swell and absorb phenol in aqueous phenol solutions. After 6 nylon fibres were immersed in aqueous phenol solution, excess liquor in samples was removed by centrifuge.
In this case, considering bound water in the samples, following two equations to measure the amount of phenol absorbed by 6 nylon fibres were derived:
where: a; initial concentration of aqueous phenol solution (gram phenol per gram solution) b; final concentration of aqueous phenol solution (gram phenol per gram solution) and, for one gram of dry fibres c; weight of aqueous phenol solution used (gram) d; weight of water in sample fibres (gram) e; weight of water in samples centrifuged (gram) f; weight of phenol in samples centrifuged (gram) x1; weight of phenol absorbed by fibres (gram) x2; weight of bound water in samples centrifuged (gram)
Eq. (1) is convenient for the case of the small liquor ratio, and Eq. (2) for the case of the large liquor ratio (or infinite liquor ratio).
The x1 calculated by assuming x2 to be zero, in the range of experimental error, equals to the x1 calculated assuming that x2 is the weight of water in samples centrifuged.
Then the amount of phenol absorbed by 6 nylon fibres can be calculated using the following equation (1′) or (2′)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (289K) -
祖父江 寛, 福原 節雄, 守屋 正夫1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 382-386
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe research was performed to make clear the influence of degree of polymerization and of its distribution upon lateral order distribution in rayon tire cords produced by different makers.
The results were as follows:
1. There is slight correlation between nonuniformity factor (U) in distribution of polymerization degree and amount of the region of lower lateral order distribution.
2. Distinct correlation was not observed in the following; a) Average degree of polymerization...mean value of lateral order distribution. b) Amount of low degree of polymerization material... amount ofthe region of higher lateral order. c) Nonuniformity factor (U)...mean value of lateral order distribution. d) Nonuniformity factor (U)...dQ/do of a peak in the region of higher lateral order. e) Nonuniformity factor (U)...dQ/do of a peak in the region of lower lateral order.
Therefore, it is believed supposed that the influence of distribution of polymerization degree upon lateral order distribution in rayon tire cord is slight, and that the more effective factor lies in the manufacturing methods.
There is a good correlation between mean value of lateral order distribution in rayon tire cord and fatigue resistance (Goodrich cord tension vibator 180°C).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (289K) -
中尾 統一, 大屋 裕光, 右田 伸彦1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 387-394
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーM-W curve, obtained by varying concentrations of sodium hydroxide solution in emulsion xanthation of pulp, may be influenced by some characteristics of pulp, such as distribution of cellulose chain length, morphological and fine structure, etc. In this paper, the relation between M-W curve and the fine structure was studied.
The curve can be characterized by its position and shape. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, in which half of pulp goes into solution, was adopted for expression of the position of the curve, and is symbolized with [C]0. To express the shape of the curve, we adopted the parameter (n0) obtained by the procedure, which was proposed by H. Takenaka for representaion of the distribution curves of degree of polymerization of high polymers and was modified by us. In this paper the parameter (n0) means mainly the slope of the curve.
The relations between the fine structure of pulp and (n0) and [C]0, are as follows;
(1) The slope (n0) of M-W curve decreases with increasing the ununiformity of lateral order distribution and the amount of low ordered region (Fig. 9, 12).
(2) If the average lateral order level [C]H becomes lower, the position of M-W curve tends to move toward the lower sodium hydorxide concentation range, namely [C]0 decreases (Fig. 1). However the position of M-W curve [C]0 is not only controlled by the average lateral order level [C]H, but also by the distribution of lateral order, especially the relation between the specific surface area and the lateral order level of pulp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (536K) -
中尾 統一, 山田 〓一, 右田 伸彦1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 395-399
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTo evaluate lateral order distribution in native cellulose, fractional dissolution method by the emulsion xanthation was applied with varying concentrations of sodium hydroxide solution. From some preliminary experiments the following conditions were found to be suitable for the purpose. Fifty ml of sodium hydroxide solution and 1.0ml of carbon disulfide are added to 0.5g methanolyzed cellulose sample, and treated for 6 hours at 20_??_25°C. The undissolved residue was washed with sodium hydroxide solution of same concentration as used in emulsion xanthation.
Lateral order distribution curves obtained by this method agree fairly well with that of the fractional dissolution method proposed by T. Yurugi and H. Maeda.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
岡島 三郎, 池田 佐喜男, 井上 昭朗1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 400-406
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to measure the coefficient of friction μ, of Angora rabbit fiber in water by means of the inclined method, the conditions were studied in detail and the following results were obtained:
(1) The attached fibre to a frame is bent when it is ridden by a rider. The effect of the bending of test piece is however, negligible when the bending angle from the horizontal line is smaller than 15°.
(2) The lighter the rider weight (20_??_120mg) the greater is the obtained value of μ (μw=0.1_??_0.3, μa=0.2_??_0.4).
(3) The difference of the curvature of the riding part of the rider does not affect μ, when it is 1.0_??_1.5mm.
(4) μ in the water is larger than that in the air. It does not change within 30min. after the sample is immersed in the water.
(5) The temp. and pH of the water have affect on the value of μ tolerably.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (556K) -
第3報 紡績工程における捲縮スフの疲労樋口 健治, 河田 勝善, 金井 恒夷1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 407-411
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCrimp in a fiber is of value in carrying staple fibers through the various stages of processing into yarn, imparting bulk, loft to yarns and fabrics.
However, it is revealed that the crimp parmanence in viscose fiber is small as compared with that of wool staple. Then a measure of single-fiber crimp should determine how much of this crimp is retained on the fiber in the course of cotton processing.
In order to determine the fatigue of viscose fiber in cotton system, the amount of tensile strength, elongation and crimp content in the viscose fiber were measured in the course of stages of cotton system processing, and degradation of the viscose in the successive stages were estimated statistically.
From this experiment, there were slight changes in tensile strength and elongation of the crimped viscose fider, but it was noted that crimpe content decreased to about 60% through the stages of yarn manufacture.
It was revealed that the beating in early stage of processing causes considerably rougher fatigue on the fiber than by other actions later.
The coefficient of variation in crimpe content of the fiber in later stages was rather large.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (399K) -
第4報 緯打効果に関する実験的考察久世 栄一, 酒井 哲也, 須郷 康也1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 412-415
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーUnder various changes of weaving conditions, variation of warp tension cycle, and the displacment of cloth-fell at beat-up were measured. Results obtained are as follows:
(a) The tension increase at the beat-up ΔF is found to be proportional to the displacement of cloth-fell at the beat-up ΔL, then the following formula can be applied: where; E is Young's modulus of warp yarn, L free length of warp yarn.
(b) When the tension before beat-up T0 is constant, ΔF increases with increasing number of picks per inch D, and experimental formula becomes valid.
At constant D, ΔF changes with T0. When ΔF is equal to T0, ΔF takes a minimum value.
(c) When the braking weight for letting-off is constant, the tension at beat-up T′, increases with D, and the maximum tension by shedding Ts, and T0 remains constant, as far as Ts is larger than T′. After T′ becomes equal to Ts as a result of increase of D, T′ continues to have a constant value, and Ts and T0 decrease with increased D.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (261K) -
高瀬 福已1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 416-417
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (165K) -
栗山 将1958 年 14 巻 6 号 p. 418-423
発行日: 1958/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2749K)
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