To evaluate antibacterial activities, 4 types of acrylic fibers, each with a different basic group as its copolymer component (ie.2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine (PyF), 2-(dimethylamino)etylmetacrylate(TAF)/TAF-n, and N-2-hydroxy3-methacryloxypropyl-N, N, N- trimethylammonium chloride (QAF) were prepared. TAF-n was prepared from TAF and various alkyl chrorides (alkyl groups: buthyl, octhyl, dodecy, hexadecyl, and octadecyl). Basicity of these fibers was investigated with respect to surface dyeability and the ζ-potential. Antibacterial activities were assessed against 3 speciesof gram-positive, and 3 species of gram-negative bacteria The dyeabilities of PyF and TAF decreased remarkably at high pHs of 7.2 or 8.0. The dyeability of TAF-n was stable at pHs of 3.5 and 7.2, but was also unstable at 8.0. Interestingly, the dyeability of QAF was unaffected. &zeta-potential decreased from positive to negative with increasing PH in all samples. This data demonstrates that basicity influenced the antibacterial activity derived from, and the stability of, the basic groups. The order of basicity strength determined to be QAF>TAF-n>TAF>PyF. Differences in antibacterial activity of the fibers are discussed with respect to their basicity. PyF did not display antibacterial activity, and TAF showed only slight activity. TAF-n antibacterial activity was enhanced proportionately with an increase in the carbon number of alkyl chain above 8, whereby TAF-16 and TAF-18 exhibited the best antibacterial activity in TAF-n. QAF had the highest activity of the tested fibers. In these experiments, antibacterial activity was not gram-specific, but the data suggests that it is species-specific.
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