巻号一覧
24 巻, 11 号
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藤倉 嘉昭, 石川 欣造1968 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 499-504
発行日: 1968/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe radiation and absorption of polymer films were studied by using infrared spectrum method. A close relation between the radiation and absorption was obtained from Kirchhoff's law. The experiments were performed in the following procedure: firstly, the ratio of absorption intensity of polymer films to that of black body was determined at the continuously different wave lengths, and then these values were integrated over the range of wave length to obtain the absorptive and penetrating energies. Polyethylene, polystylene films and cellophane were used as sample.
The results obtained are as follows:
1) Radiation of polymer films depends mainly on temperature, volume and excited state of sample.
2) Cellulose has the highest absorptive energy and polyethylene has smallest value. Polystylene has intermediate value between these two.
3) The penetrating energy, thus, is highest in polyethylene and is lowest in cellulose.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (347K) -
藤倉 嘉昭, 石川 欣造1968 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 505-511
発行日: 1968/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーRadiation energy is not subject to the reflection or penetrating energies but to the thermal and the excited energies.
In the previous paper, the radiation behaviour of the kinds of polymer films was studied. In this report, further investigation on the radiation is made with the following samples: polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, nylon 6, saran, polyethylene terephthalate and diacetate films. Absorptive power obtained were compared with the penetration energy and total energy for all samples. Radiation coefficients shown in Fig. 17 were obtained from the ratio of absorptive energy of the specimen to that of black body at 300°K. These results obtained on all samples in this study are similar to those in the preceding paper (III).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (435K) -
松尾 達樹, 加瀬 晋1968 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 512-523
発行日: 1968/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA numerical method is given for calculating asymmetric temperature distribution to fiber axis within a filament quenched by cross air flow in the course of melt spinning. And the results of numerical calculation shown in Fig. 9 are obtained for a special spinning condition.
It is shown that temperature distribution of spinning filament can be obtained by measuring that of a model cylinder being cooled by cross air flow under the condition of eq. (14-2). Interval τm after of cooling in the model test is connected with distance z from spinneret by eq. (13).
The structure (birefringence, density) differentiations across the cross-section of polypropylene and polyester spun fibers are measured and related to the asymmetric temperature distribution of spinning filament.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1553K) -
中村 好雄, 根岸 道治1968 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 524-530
発行日: 1968/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous papers, it has been reported that viscose rayon fibers grafted with ethyl acrylate (EA) after crosslinking has revealed the typical rubber elastic behaviors. Then, by the ceric ion method, methyl (MA), ethyl (EA), and n-butyl (BA) acrylates were systematically grafted onto the formalized viscose rayon fibers. Mechanical properties of these grafted fibers were also measured to evaluate the influence of the kind of monomers and the crosslinking pretreatment by formalization.
It was found that the EA-grafted fibers after formalization showed the greatest breaking elongation and the most conspicuous elastic recovery among the acrylates investigated. The EA-grafted fiber after formalization (combined CH2O: 0.651%) revealed the typical rubber elastic behaviors (stress-strain curves) at about 1000% graft-on. From the above results, the elastomers started from crosslinked and consecutively grafted celluloses are considered to have soft and hard segments. each of which corresponds respectively to the flexible grafted parts with a considerably lower glass transition than the room temperature and to the rigid cellulose parts reinforced by the formalization.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (446K) -
池村 糺1968 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 531-535
発行日: 1968/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSilk fibroin was modified with ethylene oxide (EO) under an ordinary pressure. The relationship between chemical and physical properties of the EO-combined products and the reaction conditions was investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) When NaOH is used as a catalyst, the reaction rate decreases as the reaction temperature is raised. The maximum amount of combined EO is attained in 5 hr. when the reaction is carried out at 30°C., and the amount decreases significantly thereafter. This is considered to be due to the disruption and solution of the amorphous region of the sample.
(2) When SnCl4 is used as a catalyst, the reaction of EO with fibroin is slow. Pre-swollen samples show considerable increase in the reactivity. The amount of combined EO increases as the reaction temperature is raised. The amount increases with the increase in the concentration of the catalyst, and reaches a definite maximum, and then decreases gradually.
(3) Dyeing behavior of the EO-treated samples is compared with the untreated one. The samples treated with EO in the presence of NaOH adsorb an acid dye, Acid Blue Black, less than the untreated, while the samples treated in the presence of SnCl4 adsorb the dye more. The samples obtained by the treatment with either NaOH or SnCl4 as catalyst adsorb a basic dye, Nile Blue A, slightly less than the untreated fibroin.
(4) The degree of moisture absorption of the EO-combined products decreases as the amount of combined EO increases.
(5) When NaOH is used as a catalyst, both the tensile strength and the elongation of the EO-treated silk fibroin decrease remarkably as the reaction proceeds longer and the reaction temperature is raised. When SnCl4 catalyst is used. the tensile strength increases slightly and the elongation decrease.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K) -
黒岩 茂隆, 小笠原 真次1968 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 536-541
発行日: 1968/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーInteraction between disperse dye and surface active agent in water was investigated with the continuous variation method in optical density (Y function) and electro-conductivity. Samples used were 1, 4, 5, 8-tetra-aminoanthraquinone and two kinds of anionic surface active agent, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). In order to simplify the conditions the experiments were made throughout of the concentration of surface active agent below CMC. The experimental results suggested the formation of the compound DmSn and of the socalled “complex” DxSy (D: dye, S: surface active agent) as a result of interaction of the surface active agent used as dispersing agent with both the fine-crystalline dye and the molecularly dissolved dye in aqueous medium (in the case of SDS m:n=1:2, x:y=1:4 and 1:1, in the case of SDBS m:n=1:1, x:y=1:1). From these results it is deduced that in general in the bath of disperse dye an equilibrium like the following may be achieved.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1243K)
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