巻号一覧
33 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1～11を表示しています
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忘れられているものへの再考小林 良生1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. P317-P324
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (701K) -
大江 昭二郎1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. P325-P332
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (549K) -
前田 栄雄1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. P333-P338
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (599K) -
松本 喜代一, 河野 裕美, 内海 暢生1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T529-T534
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe change of amorphous region of the film caused by the uniaxial or biaxial stretching was studied by measurements of thermal shrinkage and dye-diffusion as a function of stretch ratio. The specimens, stretching devices and stretching conditions are the same as described in the previous report (part 15). The thermal shrinkage was measured for samples having the following history. After being treated at 160°C for various time duration under fixed condition, the samples were immersed in hot water at 90°C for 2hrs. The measurement of diffusivity of acid dye, Orange II, was carried out at 70-90°C. Data of the crystallinity and molecular orientation are those reported in the previous paper (part 15).
The following results were obtained:
(1) For the stretched films with different molecular orientation, it is suggested that certain relation exists between the properties of thermal shrinkage of the films and the morphology of amorphous region or the tautness of chain.
(2) The morphology of amorphous region of the film as inferred from the diffusivity of dye, are influenced by the variation of stretching method, i.e. orientation mode, of the films.
(3) The effect of the crystallization with stretching of the films on the dye-diffusion indicates that the mobility and flexibility of chain segment are greatly influenced.
(4) The amorphous region of the film uniaxially stretched with free width has a denser network and larger flexibility of the chain segment. The structures of simultaneous-biaxially stretched films, however, has an expanded network and smaller flexibility. Further, those of the films uniaxially stretched under constant width contains intermediate state between the above two films.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
原口 和敏, 梶山 千里, 高柳 素夫1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T535-T540
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーStudies on the thermal and structural properties in addition to the dynamic mechanical property were made to clarify the mechanical relaxation mechanisms of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) fiber.
The modulus and density increase with increasing annealing temperature up to ca. 750K, at which PPTA fiber is thermally decomposed remarkably.
Two relaxation regions are discernible in the temperature range investigated, and these are labeled β (273K) and β* (523K) relaxations. The following molecular mechanisms are associated with these relaxations on the basis of experimental results of treatment in the boiling water and annealing at various temperatures: (1) The β relaxation arises from thermal molecular motion in the amorphous region and (2) the β* relaxation is associated with that in the crystalline region.
By use of X-ray measurement the thermal expansion coefficients of the (200) and (110) planes were determined. The coefficient of the b-axis (hydrogen bonded direction) reveals a distinct break at about 423K and then deviates from the linear relationship above the temperature range. The temperature range of the distinct break in the linear thermal expansion seems to be consistent with the temperature range where the raising of the tan δ curve of the β* relaxation from the base line is recognized. This fact suggests that the β* relaxation process is associated with thermal molecular motion in the crystalline region.
Also, the β relaxation process was well resolved into the three relaxation ones (β1, β2, β3) by dynamic mechanical measurements at 3.5Hz.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (426K) -
坂本 宗仙, 梶山 孝一, 中山 文孝, 塩崎 英樹, 田中 芳雄1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T540-T546
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAmino acid analysis of the chemically modified silk fibroin samples which were obtained by the treatment with glycidol (G), epichlorohydrin (E), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), methyl glycidyl ether (MGE), ethyl glycidyl ether (EGE), isopropyl glycidyl ether (IPRGE) and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) in the presence of aqueous neutral salt was made by the gas-liquid chromatographic (GC) method with amino acids being converted to n-butyl esters of N, (O)-trifluoroacetyl derivatives and by the conventional ion-exchange chromatographic method with an automated amino acid analyzer. It was found that all the chemically modified silk fibroins yielded G-tyrosine adduct, i.e., O-(2, 3-dihydroxypropyl)tyrosine (G-TYR) by acid hydrolysis, indicating that chlorine in E-tyrosine adduct and aliphatic ether linkages in alkyl glycidyl ether-tyrosine adducts were unstable under the hydrolytic conditions.
The GC amino acid analysis revealed that, in addition to G-TYR, the G-treated silk yielded two minor products of unknown structure and the E-treated and the EGE-treated silk samples yielded E-tyrosine adduct and EGE-tyrosine adduct, respectively, when being hydrolyzed. The Kováts retention indices of the epoxidemodified tyrosines were determined on OV-17 and on Dexsil 300 GC and the relationship between the indices and the structure of the tyrosine derivatives was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (449K) -
細川 重三, 堀川 明1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T547-T555
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe air flow around and above the metallic wire on the carding cylinder without any covering plate was simulated by water flow with the same Reynold's number in the tow-dimensional open channel around and above a transparent plastic model wire of twenty times large. Polystylene beads of 0.5_??_1.0mm dia, or aluminum flakes suspended in the water visualized the velocity distribution at various sections with the aid of photometry with a slit and a chopper. The techniques were almost the same as reported previously.1)
It was found that the flow became turbulent and the velocity distributions were formed as shown in Fig. 3 above the tip of the saw-toothed model wire or above the top hedge of the flat model wire, and that the flow was considered to be laminar and the velocity distributions were formed as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 under the tip or the top hedge of both model wires.
Friction coefficients calculated from these velocity distributions were 0.02 for the saw-toothed model wire and 0.009 for the flat model wire respectively. The difference in these values showed that the saw-toothed part of wire was efficiently resistant to the uniform flow.
Close agreement between our experimental results and other's about the velocity distribution was confirmatively shown in Fig. 10.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (592K) -
橋本 勇1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T556-T561
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of organic solvents on the diffusion coefficients of C. I. Disperse Red 17 and Orange II in nylon 6 were investigated by applying the Williams-Landel-Ferry equation to the temperature dependence. Diffusion coefficient was determined by the film-roll method, and following results were obtained.
(1) The temperature dependence of the dye diffusion coefficient in nylon 6 as sorbed from the organic solvent solutions obeys Williams-Landel-Ferry type equation. The values of c1 and c2 are found to be 5.21 and 88.5 for C. I. Disperse Red 17, and 5.26 and 73.6 for Orange II.
(2) The diffusion coefficients tend to increase with the decrease of the reference temperature of nylon 6 which is caused by solvent absorption.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K) -
橋本 勇1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T561-T565
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of solvents on the diffusion of two cationic dyes in acrylic fiber were investigated from a viewpoint of the Williams, Landel and Ferry equation.
The temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients can be expressed formally by the W. L. F. equation, where aT is a shift factor, and Ts the standard temperature.
The values of cl and c2 are found to be 6.27 and 41.4 for Chrysoidine Y and 10.00 and 75.0 for Rhodamine 6G.
Results were explained in terms of the lowing of Ts, due to the decreasing of the glass transition temperature of acrylic fiber with the absorbed solvent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (277K) -
岡島 三郎, 菅沼 恵子1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T566-T569
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA sample of commercial nylon 6 filament was dyed to equilibrium with C. I. Acid Red 88, 13 and 18 at 100°C at pH 3.5-2.3. Tg reduction of the dyed filament in air or in water from that of the control was measured.
The results are: (1) Tg does not decrease until the dye concentrations in the filament exceed certain thresholds. (2) This threshold is close to the amine-end group content of the sample, 41-43 meq/kg, in the case of the monosulfonated dye, Acid Red 88. However, in the cases of Acid Red 13 and 18, which have two and three sulfonic acid groups, respectively, with the same nucleus structure as that of Acid Red 88, the threshold values are 1/2 and 1/3 of the amine-end group content, respectively. (3) Above these thresholds Tg decreases linearly with increasing the dye concentration in the filament. The number of sulfonic acid groups in a dye molecule seems not to affect the mode of Tg reduction. (4) The Tg reduction cannot be observed when measured in water.
Summarizing, Tg of nylon 6 is not reduced when the dye molecules principally bind to amine end groups as it happens for the dyeing at pH 3.5, while the dye molecules associated with amide groups by overdyeing contribute effectively to the Tg reduction. This reduction is not observed for the Tg measurement in water, because it is covered by an overwhelming effect of water imbibed in the filament.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (287K) -
清水 慶昭1977 年 33 巻 11 号 p. T570-T572
発行日: 1977/11/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe thermal behavior of milk casein-acrylonitrile graft copolymer (PM fiber) was investigated above 140°C in air by means of a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC curve showed a broad endothermic hump due to dehydration (ca. 60-130°C), a sharp (ca. 300°C) and small (ca. 450°C) exotherms. The shape and type (i.e. exotherm) of the main peak closely resembles to that of acrylic fiber. However, the endothermic peak which should result from the casein part was not seen in the thermogram. This absence may be explained by scant endotherm of casein itself and the small casein content in PM fiber.
From this and the previous results, the crystalline region in the copolymer seems to be composed of polyacrylonitrile sequences.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (179K)
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