巻号一覧
16 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
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奥 正巳1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 791-796
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2343K) -
川崎 健太郎1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 797-803
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the morphological characteristics of textured yarn, it is necessary to measure the crimp feature, crimp angle (or amplitude of crimp) and crimp length, as well as it's distri bution in fiber of textured yarn.
These characteristics of stuffing yarn are observed by a microscope and a projecter, and the following results are obtained:
The crimp length distribution curve of stuffing yarn has a unique form.
The shorter the crimp length, the more crimps exist, but on the other hand, the crimp of torque yarn showed normal Gaussian distribution.
By applying the “Column buckling theory”, it is attempted to clarily the mechanism of manufacturing process of stuffing yarn.
This theory is partially effective to explain the above experimental facts and actual processes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1955K) -
第XXXVI報 動物繊維の機械的特性値に15%伸度の値を適用する試み池田 佐喜男1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 804-809
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe following linear correlations are expected in some mechanical constants of an animal fibre referred to in the previous papers: E vs fE15, R vs fR15, H vs fH15 and RS vs RS15, where E; work of elongation by 30%, R; work of recovery from 30%-elongation, H; histeresis (E-R), RS; resilience % (R×100/E), fE15; stress at 15%-elongation, fR15; stress at 15%-recovery from 30%-elongation, fH15; fE15-fR15, RS15; fR15×100/fE15.
The experiments were carried out on untreated wool (in distilled water, at 30°C), and Angora rabbit fibres, carroted and untreated (at pH 1.9, at 30°C) respectivery, and the above expectations were confirmed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (428K) -
羽田 武栄1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 810-812
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーBy using concentrated aqueous salt solutions as solvents a homogenous copolymerization of acrylonitrile-allylalcohol was carried out by γ-radiation and spinning solutions were directry obtaind from the monomer mixture solutions. Furthermore from these polymer solution acrylic fiber was obtained by wet spinning. The fibers obtained are superior in mechanical properties and dyeabilities.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (217K) -
朝比奈 光雄, 伊藤 順夫1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 813-818
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPart. 1) Fiber were prepared from various kinds of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymerized at different temperature under various drawing conditions. The following results were obtained from the measurements of the density, the heat shrinkage and the X-ray difraction in these different kinds of fibers.
1) The observation of the relation between the temperature and the degree of extention at break. shows the existence of the temperature range where the degree of extension at break becomes. very high. This optimum temperature range for extension coincides with the heat treating temperature range which renders the highest density And as the temperature of polymerizaion is lowerd, that optimum temperature range shifts to the higher temperature.
2) Within the optimum temperature range for extention the density increases almost linearly with the degree of extention, but below this almost no density increase was observed up to the degree of extention of 400% and it begins to increase when the degree of extention exceeds 400%. At the temperature range higher than this optium temperature range the increase of the density is observed mainly before the degree of extention reaches 400% and the increase of thedensity over 400% extention was not remarkable.
3) Corresponding to the variation in the density, the dimension of the crystallite determined from the X-ray study increases with the increased dgree of extention. And the degree of the increase of the dimension of crystallite is higher in the PVC polymerized at low temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1363K) -
朝比奈 光雄, 安藤 昭夫1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 818-821,813
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー(Part 2) The temperature dependence of the two kinds of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymerized at different temperature on the tensile strength, was measured at various extention ratios. At the initial stage of extention, an anormalous range was observed where the entropy as well as the internal energy are increased. With PVC polymerized at lower temperature, this range is observed to be wider and the change of each component of the tension caused by drawing is larger as compared with ordinary PVC.
The density measured at each step corresponds well with the entropy and the internal energy change. The density of the sample decreases by drawing it within the anormalous range and then it increases abruptly after the anormalous range is surpassed.
Considering the above facts, when PVC is subjected to drawing, the partial break down of the initially existed net work occurs first, and this is succeeded by the recombination and reconstruction of a new net work and thus result into a stable fibre structure. The initially existed net work which has to be broken down at the initial stage of drawing seem to be much dense in PVC sample prepared at lower temperature than in the ordinary PVC.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1368K) -
朝比奈 光雄, 菅田 清蔵1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 822-826
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe two PVC samples, polymerized at different temperatures were fractionated by precipitation method, and the viscosities of concentrated solutions of these fractions were measured by coaxial cylindrical viscometer, at the temperature ranging from 35 to 75°C.
The viscosities of the concentrated solution of two samples are proportional to the degree of polymerization (PW) in power of 3.4, and to the concentration in the power of 5, but the apparent activation energy of flow of the sample, polymerized at low temperature (low temp. polymer) is higher than the polymers polymerized at high temperature (high temp. polymer). The degree of entanglement in the solution of low temperature polymer is much higher than that of high temperature polymer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (362K) -
加藤 嵩一1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 827-831
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーProcion Black HGS staining procedure outlined in the previous report was reexamined in order to make clear what the results obtained do mean about the internal structure of the fibers under observation. Washing of stained preparations with 30% pyridine-water was used as a criterion to judge whether or not the chemical fixation of the reactive dye against the fiber substance had taken place during the staining process. The conclusions reached are as follows:
1. The staining of cross sections of cellulose fibers as well as Vinylon by Procion Black HGS applied under the standard operation is not of chemical nature. Therefore, the mechanism of the differential staining observed on viscose rayons cannot be different from that of other methods employing usual dyes.
2. The staining found on cross sections of various protein fibers depends upon a chemical fixation, the reactive groups concerned there being of NH2-groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3158K) -
加藤 嵩一1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 831-838
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSeveral kinds of treatments affecting the degree of swelling of cellulose rayons have been investigated with particular reference to the changes in the cross-sectional staining behavior observed under microscope, and it has been found that a good correspondence is present between the decrease in the degree of swelling and the transition of the cross-sectional stainability from core-stain to skin-stain, tending to more and more less stainable.
It is highly probable that the swelling determining regions are, for the most part, the same as those determining the absorption and retention of dye molecules, being the regions of the lowest order of amorphous cellulose, while the degree of moisture sorption is possibly dependent upon the whole regions of amorphous cellulose.
An interesting correlation between the degree of sorption and the degree of swelling was established among the typical cellulose fibers, when grouped according to their cross-sectional staining behaviors.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3257K) -
(I) 繊維中のH2SO4-NaOH系相互拡散現象 (II) 円〓内相互拡散現象について滝沢 章1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 839-848
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (543K) -
第1報 繊維の透明化と断面の形状について荒川 洵1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 849-851
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe cross section of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber obtained by wet spinning (Kanebian) shows the elongated dogbone shape, i.e. something like horseshoes form with skin and lumpy core structure of its inside. By adding small amount of boric acid (0.8% to PVA) to PVA solution wbich is to be spun in alkali coagulating bath, the cross-section of the fiber structure changed from the dogbone form to that of round shape and to all skin type. When alkali coagulating bath containes a borate, the cross section of the spinning fiber changes to a crenate form. This uniform fiber has superior mechanical properties with lust.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2175K) -
第6報 羊毛のフェノール収縮とsulfhydryl基中村 良治, 根本 嘉郎, 奥 正巳1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 852-858
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSome experiments were carried out to find out the relationship between sulfhydryl group and supercontraction of wool in phenol solution. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) Supercontraction of wool by phenol depends rather on the total contents of sulphydryl groups of wool than the amounts of cross-linkages between keratin molecules, thus Burley's conclusions in regards to supercontraction are accepted to be adequate.
2) The fact that the degree of supercontraction increases in alkaline phenol solution could be explained not only by the action of ionic states of phenol, but also by increase of sulfhydryl-groups, generated by the hydrolysis of disulphide bonds.
3) Those wools which are less damaged, having small alkali solubility, have not always better-shrink-resisting properties, and vice versa. The best way to improve both properties of reduced wool are to use in one process the oxidation of sulphydryl groups and formalization.
4) The mechanism of setting of wool fabrics on the case of crabbing have been hitherto explained by the formation of cross-linkages between-SOH and -NH2 groups, but in our conclusions from the experiment, parts played by sulfhydryl groups are mainly responsible for crabbing, just as in the case of setting by thioglycollic acid and of supercontraction by phenol.
After all, the appearent difference between setting processes and supercontraction occurs by whether wool samples were tensed or not during these processes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1519K) -
尾鷲 寿郎, 千田 和夫1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 859-865
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe compressive shrinkage procss for cellulosic fabrics is investigated by using the experimental apparatus. Materials used are spun rayon challis, cotton shirting, and several Broads. Broad fabrics are woven by regular rayon, super rayon (Avisco XL), cotton-like rayon staple yarns and cotton yarns respectively, and have same ends and picks per cm. These yarns have same yarn count 60′s/2 and twist too. The references between residual shrinkages and physical properties of fabrics after treatment are as foliws;
(1) Although the cotton fabrics have almost no residual shrinkages after compressive shrinking treatment, the spun rayon fabrics have some residual shrinkages. Regular rayon and super rayon fabrics have much residual shrinkages, but cotton-like rayon has not so much. Even though the compressive shrinkages incresae more than latent shrinkages of the fabrics, residual shrinkages of spun rayon fabrics are not only be reduced, but the fabrbrics also become crumpled.
(2) Fabrics, which have large residual shrinkages, generally, have not so good dimensional stability. Especially they have large difference in length between conditioned and wet states but not necessarily so much relaxation shrinkages or progressive shrinkages.
(3) On Broads fabrics, which have much residual shrinkages are made of fibers with much water imbibition and low modulus when wet.
(4) In the standard state, moreover, spun rayon fabrics elongate more than cotton fabrics do under the same loads. There might be some unknown factors due to which residual shrinkages of spun rayon fabrics are not removed even after the industrially compressive process, e. g. sanforizing process, is applied.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1353K) -
第6報 併用熱可塑性樹脂の影響について横山 修三, 恩地 義郎1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 866-869
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of the added thermoplastic resin on the resin distribution at the resin finishing of cellulosic fabrics by the precondensates of thermosetting resins were observed and obtained the following:
Added thermoplastic resin acts to decreases the migration of the precondensates of thermosetting resins at the predrying.
Therefore, it is clear that the influences of favourable change of resin distribution based on the controlling effect to the migration of precondensates of thermosetting resins at the preheating are also important on the preventing tendency of the added thermoplastic resins to the dropping of tearing and abrasion strength of finished fabrics, though it is generally recognized that only the softening effect is seen by the thermoplastic resins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (271K) -
第7報 高周波乾燥の影響について横山 修三1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 870-872,866
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFor the resin finishing of cellulosic fabrics if we use such method for predrying as hot air heating, the heat is supplied by conduction from surface to interior, therefore, the migration of finishing liquor is inevitable. On the other hand, employing the radio heating method so-called dielectric loss we may expect that the migration is prevented and the surface resin decreased. Attempt was made to confirm the above speculation experimentally and the following results are observed:
1. In the case of hot air heating, the migrtion becomes more vigorous with higher pick up percentage, while by the radio heating, it is scarecely influenced wthin the range of pick up 70_??_90%. Therefore the radio heating method lessens the surface resin as compared with that by the hot air heating.
2. On the relation between solid concentration of finishing bath and resin migration, both heating methods show the opposite tendency to each other.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (261K) -
第18報 N-メチロール・アクルルアミドの木綿繊維内重合縮合における添加剤の影響鴨川 博美, 村瀬 良一, 関谷 登志以1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 873-878
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to mitigate the strength-lowerings in the polymerization and condensation reactions of N-methylolacrylamide (MAM) within cotton fabrics following three methods were examined:
(1) Acrylamide (AM) and hexamethylenediamine HCl-salt(HD. HCl) are added to the treating baths in order to adjust network structures of polymer within fibre. Results, the optimum monomer mixing ratio is found to be about 0.6 (MAM molar ratio) in AM and 15% in HD. HCl addition.
(2) Among many kinds of softners lower molecular weights, such as octadecyleneurea are most effective in this finishing method, in which comparatively larger parts of resin are supposed to be located on fibre surfaces, and polymer emulsions possessing high flexibilities were found to be also effective.
(3) After-treatments of MAM-treated (uncured) fabrics with HD or thereafter with HCHO, in order to obtain some continuous distributions of different kinds of network structures of polymer in inner and outer parts of fibre, are extraordinarily effective in improving the strengths and crease recoveries of treated fabrics.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (536K) -
辻 和一郎, 今井 政三1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 879-883
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe research for the softening of raw silk by treating with chemical compounds was carried out. It is found that raw silk is softened remarkably by the treating with chemical solutions, such as pottasium rhodanate, calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, natrium bicarbonate and triethanolamine diluted with 10% of water.
To evaluate the stiffness of the treated sample, the buckling force was measured using torsion balance and the stiffness was shown with the value of Pmax of Euler's equation, relating to the bucking of long column,
Pmax: buckling force E: Young's modulus
I: moment of inertia l: length of sample
Values of Pamx of raw silks which were treated with 10% water solution of some chemical compounds above described were decreased as same as the wet raw silk.
The mechanism of the softening was discussed, and it was deduced that raw silk was plasticized by such chemicals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (430K) -
温品 恭彦1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 884-890
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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福原 節雄1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 891-899
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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凝固機構の考察を中心に中井 章能1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 899-904
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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丹沢 宏1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 904-912
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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東京工業大学繊維技術研究工場1960 年 16 巻 10 号 p. 913-917
発行日: 1960/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (402K)
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