巻号一覧
33 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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小林 良生1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. P148-P163
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (3103K) -
市川 厚1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. P164-P167
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (353K) -
高橋 昭之介1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. P168-P176
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1242K) -
渡辺 孝寛, 三好 政和, 高橋 利禎, 辻本 石雄1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. T185-T192
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe amorphous and undrawn poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was treated with several kinds of organic solvents and silicon oil at temperatures of -10°C to 200°C, and the fine structure was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (wide-angle and small-angle) and density gradient tube. The degree of swelling of PET treated with benzyl alcohol, benzene, tetrachloroethylene, and chloroform increased with the rise of treatment temperature. On the other hand, the degree of swelling of PET treated with dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl acetoamide, and nitrobenzene at -10°C_??_75°C increased with a lowering of temperature. This unusual swelling behavior of PET was discussed on the basis of the interaction between PET and organic solvent. The degree of crystallinity of PET treated with organic solvent increased with the rise of temperature in every case. The crystallization was almost completed up to about 10°C in DMF and benzene. Acceleration of the crystallization in organic solvent may be attributed to the fact that the glass transition temperature of PET is lowered in organic solvent. The dominant selective uniplanar orientation of (100) plane was found for the PET which was treated with DMF in lower temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2533K) -
中山 暢三, 上出 健二, 真鍋 征一1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. T192-T198
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFine structure of amorphous region of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) unoriented film was evaluated according to the method proposed by Manabe, Kamide and Nakayama from dynamic loss tangent (tan δ)-temperature curve. Correlationships between the fine structures thus determined and dyeability of this film by disperse and basic dyes were examined in detail. For this purpose, two disperse dyes (molecular weight, 242 and 480) with the ratio of inorganic value/organic value of ca. 0.65, which was a parameter for representing the polarity of dye, and two basic dyes (molecular weight, 408 and 480) with the ratio of inorganic value/organic value of ca. 0.50 were employed. As sample films for dyeing were prepared by casting a solution of PAN in N, N′-dimethyl-formamide and by annealing the virgin PAN film at 100°C in vapor steam for various periods of time (_??_60min.). Molecules of disperse dyes diffused mainly into region 2, where PAN molecules in amorphous region aggregated in loosely-packed state. The exhausted dye concentration expressed by optical density was in linear proportion to elastic modulus fraction corresponding a given value of heterogeneity index nu° or less. The value of nu° increased with decrease in the molecular weight of disperse dye and with increase in dyeing time. In other words, the dye molecules diffused into the rather densely packed region of the region 2 with increasing lapse of dyeing time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (522K) -
中山 暢三, 上出 健二, 真鍋 征一, 坂本 富男1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. T199-T207
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTwo kinds of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) unoriented films with extremely different fine structures in amorphous region were prepared by casting solutions of PAN in N, N′-dimethylformamide and in 70% nitric acid. As-spun filament of copolymer of acrylonitrile (AN) and methylacrylate (MA) (MA=10wt%), whose amorphous fine structure lay between those of above two films, was also prepared. The change in fine structure in amorphous region of the film and the filament thus prepared in drawing and subsequent annealing process, was determined according to the method of Manabe, Kamide and Nakayama from dynamic loss tangent (tan δ)-temperature curve. The amorphous fine structure of stretched samples and samples annealed after stretching was remarkably influenced by those in undrawn state. The heterogeneity indexes nt for molecular-closely-packed region (region 1) and molecular-loosely-packed region (region 2) increased with an increase in both stretching ratio and stretching temperature. The change in elastic modulus fraction of regions 1 and 2 with increasing stretching ratio could be well explained by: (a) transition of region 1 to region 2, (b) decrease in region 1 and (c) decrease in region 2 ((b) and (c) were presumably due to transition to crystalline region). Annealing of film, whose stretching ratio was larger than 6, in wet state increased the relative fractions of both regions 1 and 2. Annealing of the film, whose stretching ratio was smaller than 6, in wet state decreased the relative fraction of regions 1 and 2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (636K) -
物性および構造における紡糸速度の依存性清水 二郎, 鳥海 浩一郎, 玉井 研一郎1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. T208-T214
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn experimental equipment for high speed spinning for the spinning velocity up to 10, 000m/min has been developed. With this new equipment, it is possible to spin continuously polyester fibers (intrinsic viscosity: 0.64, melt temperature: 293°C) within the velocity range of 1, 000_??_7, 500m/min.
In this paper, the properties and the molecular orientation of the polyester fibers spun by using this equipment are investigated as a function of spinning velocity. The results are as follows:
1. The birefringence, which is a measure of molecular orientation, increases in proportion to the spinning velocity within the range of 1, 000_??_7, 000m/min. With the velocities above 4, 000m/min, the increase in birefringence is due to not only the molecular orientation but also the crystallization and the crystalline orientation.
2. The representative properties of the high speed spun filaments within the range of 6, 000_??_7, 000m/min are characterized by the physical values as follows;
a) Melting point: 262_??_268°C
b) Crystalline orientation for c-axis: 0.91_??_0.93
c) Crystallinities obtained by densities: 39_??_44%
d) Initial Young's modulus: 81g/D抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1507K) -
吉村 元一, 新宅 救徳, 岩木 信男1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. T215-T221
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe covered yarn is produced in such a way that core spandex is stretched at some rate and the covering yarn is wound on the core at the initial manufacturing helix angle, and shrinks until the core and the covering yarn have reached to the equilibrium of the tension. For the calculation of the contraction of the covered yarn, the ideal model consisting of the cylindrical core deforming under the constant volume and one helical covering yarn is applied. The effect of the covering yarn diameter should be considered to estimate the equilibrium axial length after manufacturing process. Our result obtained agrees with the equation by R. W. Dent.
In this paper, the effects of the covering yarn diameter on contraction and stretch are investigated and the following results are obtained for manufacturing helix angle. The covered yarn is classified in five types which are connected with the points of the equilibrium length and the breaking length. The covering yarn diameter has an effect of changing the boundary helix angles of these types. The practical effects of the covering yarn diameter on the equilibrium length are examined using the twisted continuous-filament yarn. In the case of using the cotton yarn, it is considered that the decrease of the yarn diameter by the force of the contact and the elongation have a marked effect on the contraction. The effect of the covering yarn diameter on the breaking length could not be seen on account of the decrease of the yarn diameter. It is clarified that the double covered yarns which have the same helix angle show the same behavior as the single covered yarn.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (433K) -
青谷 寛, 市村 昭憲1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. T222-T228
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーRelation between k2, rate constant of pill wearing-off as a measure of pilling tendency, and various factors of polymerization and spinning conditions were studied. Polymer composition and [η] were picked up as factors of polymerization condition and coagulation, draw ratio and relaxation at drying were chosen for factors of spinning condition.
As regards polymer composition, decrease of MEA (mol %) and increase of SAS (mol %) made acrylic fiber keep rigid and brittle even after heat treatment at dyeing process due to the restriction of meleculer mobility, which led to good anti-pilling property.
In this case the balance with dyeing properties should be considered, although influence of polymer composition to processability at carding was rather small.
In connection to spinning conditions, low concentration and high temperature of coagulant resulted in heterogenious fiber construction, low draw ratio brought on low tensile strength, and drying under strained condition made fiber brittle. All these conditions contributed to good anti-pilling property to acrylic fiber. However good anti-pilling property by changing spinning condition was in compatible with processability at carding, so the balance of both properties should be considered at the same time.
Contradictory of anti-pilling property and processability at carding had been consistently believed. But it was found from this study that the contradictory could be partially avoided by considering the change of polymer composition.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1008K) -
後藤 共子, 長野 正満, 田中 敬造1977 年 33 巻 5 号 p. T229-T231
発行日: 1977/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTransmission electron microscopic observations are made using a 1000KV electron microscope on the iron filaments produced by the method of glass coated melt spinning. Dislocation tangles whose distribution is not uniform are observed. Such dislocation structure disappears and recrystallized structure is observed to be produced by annealing at a high temperature. Observed high tensile strength, about 275kg/mm2 at 4.7μm in diameter, is considered to be closely related with the complex tangling of dislocations induced during the process of spinning.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (768K)
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