巻号一覧
18 巻, 9 号
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河井 元京1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 775-780
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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小野木 重治1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 781-783
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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第4報 ラテラルオーダーの尺度および熱処理などによる6ナイロンのラテラルオーダー分布の変化金綱 久明1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 784-793
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous report, the concentration of phenol in solution was used for the scale of lateral-order, and the estimation method of lateral-order distribution in the 6 nylon fibre was described.
In this report, the chemical potential (μui) of a polymer repeating unit of each cohesive states is used for the scale of lateral-order. μuo is used for the chemical potential in the standard state (pure liquid polymer, amorphous state). -(μui-μuo) is put to ∇Fui, and expressed as the following; Cσ_??_: Concentration of phenol in solution. Vu: Molecular volume of polymer repeating unit. υp: Specific volume of pure liquid polymer (amorphous state). K: Phenol partition coefficient between 6 nylon fibre which has changed wholly into amorphous state and water. V1: Molecular volume of liquid phenol. υs: Specific volume of liquid phenol. X1: Interaction parameter.
Lateral-order distributions in various dry-heat-treated, various aqueous-heat-treated and various ph-enol-treated 6 nylon fibres, are estimated by the previous method. Each distribution is drawn in graph and both concentration of phenol in solution and ∇Fui value are written in the abscissa.
The shapes of lateral-order distribution are similar mutualy between the 170°C dry-heat-treated and the 100°C aqueous-heat-treated 6 nylon fibres, among the 200°C dry-heat-treated, 130°C aqueous-heat-treated and 30 g/l phenol-treated 6 nylon fibres, and between the 150°C aqueous-heat-treated and the 40 g/l phenol-treated 6 nylon fibres.
The more severe the conditions of treatment is, the more the regions of perfect cohesive state increases, and the more the regions of imperfect cohesive state decreases. The intermediate regions increase by the treatment of the intermediate conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (705K) -
金綱 久明, 対木 フヂエ1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 794-799
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe changes in length of 6 nylon fibres* with known lateral-order distributions, are investigated at each stage of phenol-treatment (in air, in aqueous phenol solution, in water, in air) systematically. When, on return to original dry condition, no irreversible changes in length of 6 nylon fibres are caused, the fibre is defined to be set with respect to the aqueous phenol solution.
Total irreversible changes in length of various 6 nylon fibres with the concentration of the aqueous phenol solution are observed, and it is found that the total irreversible changes in length have a close connection with lateral-order distributions in the fibres. That is to say, on immersion of 6 nylon fibres in aqueous phenol solution of a certain concentration, irreversible change in length occurs, if regions of cohesive state of ∇Fui** value, which is smaller than ∇Fui** value correspond to the aqueous phenol solution, are found in the fibre, and it does not occur, when such regions are not found. And, it is elucidated that 6 nylon fibres with the same shapes of lateral-order distributions have the same dimensional stabilities.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (391K) -
金綱 久明, 村瀬 信義1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 800-806
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe relation between the fine structure in dry-heat-treated, aqueous-heat-treated or phenoltreated 6 nylon fibres, and the diffusion velocity of dyes in the fibres are investigated.
As the fine structure in connection with the dyeability of the fibre, the length of chain molecule in the amorphous region are chosen.
As the scale of the length of chain molecule, qma is used.
qma=(QVw/ava)+1
Q: degree of swelling a: amorphous ratio Vw: specific volume of water Va: specific volume of amorphous region
As the value of a, the weight fraction of the region of the smallest ΔFui* value in the lateralorder distribution in the fibre is used(qmaL).
The qmaL of various 6 nylon fibres (treated in various condition), the diffusion coefficients and the activation energies of diffusion of dispersed dyes in fibres are observed.
It is elucidated that, the larger qmaL value is, the larger the diffusion coefficient and the smaller the activation energy become. And the relation between the fine structures in dry-heat-treated, aqueous-heat-treated or phenol-treated 6 nylon fibres, and the dyeability of the fibres are explained coherently. *Reference. This journal, 18, 784 (1962)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (534K) -
第8報 高温高圧水蒸気によるビスコースレーヨン集束糸の連続処理による糸質改善岡島 三郎, 井上 公雄, 矢沢 将英1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 807-813
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn apparatus was constructed in order to let rayon tow or sliver pass through high pressure steam and to heat-treat it continuously and the properties of the treated rayon was studied. The treating temperature was 140_??_495°C corresponding to the steam pressure 3_??_14kg/cm2 and the time of treatment was 20-60 seconds.
The degree of swelling of a textile rayon dropped by this treatment to 1.60_??_1.53 from 2.06_??_1.97 of the untreated one, and that of the high-tenacity rayon also to 1.6. Such low degree of swelling of textile rayon could be obtained only by this treatment. The depolymerization during the treatment was within 5% and less than that during the high temperature water treatment.
The tenacity of the treated yarn increased by 10_??_20%, while the elongation increased in some cases but decreased in the others. The stress-strain test of the treated yarn was carried out in the mediums of various swelling power such as air of 65% RH, water and 0.5_??_1.5 N NaOH aq. solutions. Their S-S curves became steeper toward the stress axis as the treatment became more severe. So a part of the net-structure caused by the treatment likely resists against the swelling in such mediums.
The degree of swelling of rayon can be lowered effectively by the steaming, irrespecctive of the yarn form, tow or sliver.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (519K) -
第9報 高温高圧水を使う熱処理によるベンベルグレーヨンの糸質改善岡島 三郎, 矢沢 将英, 鍬塚 康彦1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 813-817,808
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーContinuous heat-treatment of Bemberg rayon with high temperature water of 130_??_190°C for 2min. wascarried out and the effect upon the properties of the rayon was compared with that on the propertiesof viscose rayon. The effect was very similar in both cases except where the depolymerization during the heat-treatment was slightly heavier in the case of Bemberg rayon. Bemberg rayon was depolymerized remarkably in the early phase of the treatment followed by normal hydrolysis, in which the activation energy obtained was 31.5 kcal and was equal to that obtained previously in the case of viscose rayon, 32.5 kcal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (386K) -
第10報 高温高圧水蒸気によるベンベルグレーヨンの連続処理による糸質改善岡島 三郎, 矢沢 将英, 鍬塚 康彦1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 817-820,808
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーContinuous heat-treatment of Bemberg rayons with high pressure steam, 3_??_13kg/cm2, was carried out in comparison with the case of viscose rayon. The changes in the properties of the rayon by the treatment are similar in both types of rayon except that the depolymerization of Bemberg rayon is slightly more severe than that of viscose rayon.
The heat-treatment becomes less effective and the degradation becomes slighter as the degree of superheating of the steam becomes larger, provided the steam temperature is kept constant. The degree of polymerization of the rayon depends upon the amount of its water content and it decreases as the water content is increased and levels off at 10-20% moisture regain. This critical moisture regain likely corresponds to the combined water content, and the degradation seems to be due to the hydrolysis catalyzed by increased hydrogen ion as the result of dissociation of free water at the treating temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (304K) -
神谷 卓郎, 野口 朗, 今井 清悳1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 821-824
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe property of cellulose acetate pulp must be evaluated by the chemical composition and the reactivity toward acetylation, especially the latter.
The present report describes the successful method of evaluating pulp reactivity for acetylation by measuring the change of light transmittance in the acetylation reaction mixture. Whether pulp is pretreated or not, the reactivity of acetate pulp is very different from that of viscose pulp. It is only by the use of special pulp for acetate that successful acetylation is obtainable.
As the reactivity of pulp is also affected by drying and pulverization, it is necessary to treat pulp carefully.
The acetylation of cellulose is facilitated to some extent by pretreatment with suitable reagents such as acetic acid, etc. The degree of activation by such pretreatment is also evaluated by the present method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (320K) -
第7報 キャレージドラフトとスピンドルドラフト 第8報 キャレージ外進初動期のドラフト黒崎 新也, 近田 富士雄1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 825-833
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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第4報 同時照射法による含水綿布へのスチレンのグラフト重合 第5報 含水綿布へのスチレンのグラフト重合の際の綿布含有水ならびに生成ポリスチレンの役割桜田 一郎, 坂口 康義1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 834-842
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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第1報 染色布の部分酢化による色の変化瀬古 一光, 西堀 恵津子1962 年 18 巻 9 号 p. 843-849
発行日: 1962/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCotton fabrics dyed wifh reactive dyestuffs were acetylated fibrously.
Analysis of reflectance curves of dyed cottons and acetylated dyed cottons which are given by spectro-photometer suggested that blue, rubine and red dyes give the changes in color in the acetylation reaction, but the other dyes do not. The causes of fading by acetylation are considered to be the liberation of dyes classified as follows:
(1) Unfixed dyes,
(2) Dyes retained inside the fibers which are combined with fibers, or dyes bonded with fibers by weak bonds such as hydrogen bonding,
(3) Dyes bonded with fibers chemically.
Dyes (1), (2) were desorbed from fibers in the earlier stage of acetylation. From the results of pyridine test and washing test, it seems reasonable to conclude that the chemical bonds between fibers and dyestuffs (3) are broken up with the proceeding of the acetylation. This decomposition seems to support that the acetylation in crystalline region of fibers begins after amorphous region is acetylated completely.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (525K)
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