繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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69 巻, 12 号
繊維学会誌
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繊維と工業
時評
特集〈リハビリテーションを支える繊維2〉
繊維学会創立70周年記念連載〈技術が支えた日本の繊維産業-生産・販売・商品開発の歩み-4〉
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  • 超臨界二酸化炭素によるさび染みの除去
    兼田 諭, 鋤柄 佐千子, 奥林 里子
    原稿種別: 報文
    専門分野: 一般報文
    2013 年 69 巻 12 号 p. 235-239
    発行日: 2013/12/10
    公開日: 2013/12/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.69.235
    ジャーナル フリー
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    In the present study, removal of rust stain from silk and cotton fabrics using thioglycolic acid(TGA)that has reducing and chelating properties, was examined in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2). The scCO2 especially including co-solvent was expected to act as a medium carrying the TGA into and TGA-Fe complex out from the fabrics without damaging them. The rust artificially prepared on cotton and silk woven fabrics were significantly extracted by the treatment with TGA in water and partially in methanol, though replace with scCO2 resulted no cleaning. Addition of co-solvent such water and ethyl acetate in scCO2 made the fabric white by removing rust. However reduced iron was re-oxidized and the fabric was colored in brown by this ‘batch method’. Therefore, the fabric was washed in a mixed fluid of methanol and carbon dioxide after ‘batch method’. This method was called ‘batch/post-washing method’, which led to reduction and no re-oxidation.
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  • 綿繊維固定化塩化シアヌルの活性塩素の反応特性
    柴田 佐和子, 上甲 恭平
    原稿種別: 報文
    専門分野: 一般報文
    2013 年 69 巻 12 号 p. 240-244
    発行日: 2013/12/10
    公開日: 2013/12/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.69.240
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Cyanuric chloride-immobilized cotton fibers were prepared by treatment with cyanuric chloride in benzene followed by immersion with alkali. Surface characterization of the surface-modified cotton fiber was carried out by means of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Reactivity of active chlorine in cyanuric chloride moiety immobilized on the cotton fibers was evaluated by reaction with the amino group-containing compounds in both aqueous and non-aqueous systems. An acidic dye to the water-soluble amino group-containing compound and the alkylamines to water-insoluble amino-containing compound were used. In the aqueous system, it was found that substitution reaction of active chlorines with an amine group and the active chlorine proceeded remarkably under acidic conditions rather than under alkaline conditions. It was also suggested that two of chlorine atoms of cyanuric chloride immobilized on fibers did not exhibit stepwise sequential reaction which is common for low-molecular cyanuric chloride derivatives. Furthermore, after the reaction under acidic conditions, activity of the unreacted active chlorine is remained.This indicated that the chlorines were not consumed by a reaction with water. On the other hand, it was found that if the surface-modified fabrics were treated with different water-insoluble alkylamines, their fabrics demonstrated a good water repellency. This indicates that the active chlorine reacts with the amino group easily even in benzene. The degree of water repellency can be controlled by the alkylamine concentration in the non-aqueous media. Taking into consideration these results, it was concluded that the cotton fibers which have been treated with cyanuric chloride may be reacted sequentially with wide variety of water-soluble and/or water-insoluble amino group-containing compounds.
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  • pH- and Thermo-Induced Specific Permeability of Chiral Amino Acids through the Peptide Grafted Poly(N-isopropylamide)Network Membrane
    Yu Meng, Nagata Kenji, Higuchi Masahiro
    原稿種別: 報文
    専門分野: 一般報文
    2013 年 69 巻 12 号 p. 245-250
    発行日: 2013/12/10
    公開日: 2013/12/08
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.69.245
    ジャーナル フリー
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    In this article we prepared an amphiphilic peptide, (L-Leu-L-Lys)8, grafted poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)network membrane. The graft content of the peptide and the content of the cross-linker were 4% and 16%, respectively. We investigated the permeability of L- and D- phenylalanine through this membrane. The pH- and thermo-induced permeability changes of the network membrane were observed. Under the neutral condition(pH 6.5 and 20℃), the peptide grafted PNIPAm network membrane showed a significant difference between the permeability of L-phenylalanine and D-phenylalanine. The maximum permselectivity(α=2.6)was achieved under this condition. At temperatures above the LCST of PNIPAm, PNIPAm polymers become hydrophobic; hence, the membrane shrunk. And under these conditions the permeable path for L- and D- phenylalanine was formed in the membrane which results in the non-permselectivity through this membrane.
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