巻号一覧
24 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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黒川 昌孝, 小西 孝, 近藤 宗夫, 阪野 元1968 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 101-107
発行日: 1968/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen the drawn nylon 6 films are redraw oblique or perpendicular to the direction of original drawing in the boiling water, many fine parallel bands appear at first and these bands gradually change their direction parallel to that of redrawing as redrawing proceeds. Variation of orientation of crystallites in the deformation band during redrawing is different from that of the region between them. These characteristics of deformation of formation of nylon 6 films have been examined with electron-microscope and x-ray diffraction method.
The kink angle between a deformation band and the direction of polymer chain that is, the direction of first drawing is nearly constant, about 30_??_40 degrees, independently of the direction of redrawing. Two sets of deformation bands intersecting each other are generated when a drawn film is redrawn perpendicular to the direction of first drawing in the hot water above 40°C. Some black granular particular particles are observed on the electon micrograph of collodion carbon replica of redrawn nylon 6 films. These particles are nylon 6 itself torn from the surface of the film and indging from the micrograph it is clear that the tearing off the nylyn 6 from the surface is particularly easy to occur at the places where a marked distortion is caused by deformation. So we may guess the initial state of deformation from the observation of these granular pseudo-structures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4507K) -
第3報希薄な酸による脆化作用桑原 昂1968 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 108-112
発行日: 1968/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe influences of dilute acid treatment of silk fiber on its destruction was investigated on the about transition of the surface structure and variation of its physical properties.
Silk fibroins were treated in textural form with 2%. H2SO4 solution for the different length of time (2-16 hours) at 95°C, and then their surface structure was observed by means of the electron microscope.
While swelling and solving of the surface of silk fibroin take place, unheaving phenomena and states of cliff and hill occur, and the structure of fiber is gradualy destroyed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2110K) -
第4報 希アルカリによる脆化作用桑原 昂1968 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 113-117
発行日: 1968/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the influences of dilute alkali treatment of silk fiber on its destruction have been investigated on the relation between the surface structure and its physical properties.
Silk fibroins were treated in textural form with 0.1 N NaOH solution for the different length of time (2-12 hours) at 70°C, and then their surface gtructure was observed by means of the electron microscope.
While swelling and solving of the surface of silk fibroin take place, growth of surface ups-and-downs and states of piled-up structure and unheaving phenomena occur and the structure of fiber is gradualy destroyed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2093K) -
第1報ガラス転移点付近における拡散係数の温度変化岩堀 英太郎, 飯島 俊郎, 岡崎 光雄1968 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 118-126
発行日: 1968/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe diffusion coefficient of disperse dyes into cellulose triacetate was determined in the vicinity of glass transition temperature, (Tg.) by the film-roll method. In the original cellulose triacetate sample, the crystallinity determined by X-ray method was 12.5%, and Tg determined dilatometrically was 105°C. The crystallinity increases in water above Tg. In order to avoid the change of crystallinity during the diffusion measurement, in some experiments the film was pretreated in water at 130°C for 25hrs. The crystallinity of the pretreated film was 24%.
The diffusion coefficients increased with increasing crystallinity as in the case of polyamide.
This is attributed to the loosening of amorphous structure by the pretreatment in hot water.
Activation energy of diffusion, E, increased with increasing crystallinity below Tg. The values. changed at about 105°C. For example, on the diffusion of 1, 4-diamino-2-methoxyanthraquinone (II in this report), the activation energies above and below Tg were 43 and 30kcal/mol, respectively. The greater the molecular weight of penetrant, the greater the value of E both above and below Tg. This tendency is shown more clearly above Tg.
The jump distance, λ, was calculated by the formula E=(c. e. d.)•S•N•λ, where S is effective cross-sectional area of penetrant. The values of λ for dye II were 21 Å above Tg and 14 A below Tg.
Diffusion coefficients and activation energy of disperse dyes were compared with those for secondary acetate, polyester and polyamide.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (597K) -
第15報C. I. Basic Blue 9 (Methylene Blue)の集合におよぼす尿素,ホルムアミド,アルコール類の影響について矢留 智津子, 高瀬 福巳, 片山 明, 黒木 宣彦, 小西 謙三1968 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 127-131
発行日: 1968/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe spectrum of C. I. Basic Blue 9 in dilute aqueous solution, where the aggregation is negligible, is characterized by a prominent sharp peak at 670mμ, called the monomer peak, and a small peak at 615mμ, called the dimer peak. With the increase in dye concentration, the extinction coefficient of the monomer peak diminishes and that of the dimer peak increases progressively. With increasing concentration of added urea, N, N'-dimethylurea, formamide or N, N-dimethylformamide, the monomer peak intensifies at the expense of the dimer absorption. These facts show that organic solvents decrease very efficiently the aggregation of the dye.
The thermodynamic functions of dye solution, ΔF, ΔH and ΔS, and the differences of thermodynamic functions, δ ΔF, δ ΔH and δ ΔS between the dye solution with and without urea, formamide or alcohol were calculated for the dimer stage, D2_??_2D. The values of the former (ΔF, ΔH, ΔS) were positive, while the latter (δ ΔF, δ ΔH, δ ΔS) were negative. From these facts, it is obvious that the reversible aggregation of the dye, with and without urea, formamide or alcohol, is caused by an energetic situation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (305K) -
田中 祥恵, 大木 恭正, 石井 美治1968 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 132-139
発行日: 1968/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe purified aminoanthraquinone disperse dyes, such as 1-amino-, 2-amino-, 1, 4-diamino-, 1, 5-diamino-, 1, 4-bismethylamino- and 1, 4-bisbutylaminoanthraquinone, were exposed to the irradiation of xenon arc lamp in various organic solvents, and the changes of their spectra were measured.
The rate of fading reaction was accerelated markedly by the substitution of hydrogen atom of amino group by methyl or n-butyl group. By exposing of the dyes to the light a new absorption band in visible region was not developed in benzene, acetone and t-butylalcohol, but remarkably developed in ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and n-propyl alcohol at the blue side (λmax; 500 and 460mμ). The same band was observed by the reduction of the dyes with sodium hydrosulfite. Both the photochemical product and the chemical reduction product from aminoanthraquinones had the same Rf value (0.48).
These facts show that the fading reactions of the dyes in alcohol having α-hydrogen atom are photoreductive, and the intermediates can be assigned to the corresponding anthrahydroquinones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (305K) -
第4報ドレープ性測定装置の試作上野 清一郎, 榎田 和司1968 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 140-145
発行日: 1968/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (380K)
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