巻号一覧
48 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
河原 豊, 中島 茂1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 671-676
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーMeasurements of small angle X-ray diffraction and mechanical properties showed that wild silk fibers had porous structure and their fibrils were zigzagging as compared to domestic silk fibers. Wild silk fibers thus showed larger creep elongation than domestic ones. Wild silk fibers crept in ethanol showed larger specific gravity, and their small angle X-ray scattering pattern was wider than that of non-treated fibers, β-Structure was formed and fibrils were stretched by creep in ethanol. The specific gravity of non-crystalline region in wild silk fibers was estimated to be about 1.2, and their crystallinity index changed depending on the spinning conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1439K) -
水谷 千代美, 小野木 禎彦, 稲垣 博, 佐藤 貴哉, 宮本 武明1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 677-681
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe interior of cotton fibers was lightly modified with monochloroacetic acid, and their water absorbency was examined by differential scanning calorimetry. The aim of the selective modification is to prepare cotton fibers which have high water absorbency and yet maintain their natural handling characteristics and other textile properties. The optimal degree of carboxymethylation (DS) for this purpose was in the range of 0.01 to 0.02. The carboxymethylated cotton fibers were transformed into their Na-salts by alkali-treatment, and their water absorbency was compared with that of the acid form fibers. It was found that (1) in the acid form, the modified fibers absorbed about 120-130% as much water as the untreated fibers, (2) the percentage increase in water absorbency of the fibers was further enhanced twice as much as that of the acid form fibers by transforming carboxyl groups into the Na-salts, and (3) the water absorbency of the modified cotton fibers having a DS value of 0.02 was much higher than that of amorphous celluloses, indicating that the cleavage of hydrogen bonds by incorporating substituents, i.e., carboxymethyl groups has a negligible effect on the water absorbency of the modified cotton fibers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (380K) -
石黒 純一, 平井 良行, 中島 利誠1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 682-686
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe structure of amorphous region in silk fibroin film has been investigated with three kinds of water sorption techniques as follows; successive differential sorption (DS), integral sorption into dried sample (IS1) and vapor pre-sorbed one (IS2). Sample films were obtained by solvent casting from silk fibroin solution; cupri-ethylenediamine solution was used as solvent. IR spectrum and X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample were assigned to silk I type crystal and random coil structures. Sorptions were measured by a weighing method using a helical quarts spring. Obtained findings are as follows: (i) in the whole pressure regions of DS, two-stage type curves were observed, moreover (ii) the change in type in the first-stage portion was similar to that observed for the sorptions of common synthetic polymers in glassy state, (iii) IS1 was also of two-stage type and the contribution of second-stage portion to the total uptake was constant (about 20%), (iv) IS2 depended on the initial concentrations Ci. When Ci was in a concentration range where the first-stage of DS was of Fickian type, anomalous sorption behavior was observed, whereas when Ci was in a concentration range where the first-stage of DS was sigmoidal or of two-stage type, the sorption behavior was similar to that of IS1. These results show that the amorphous region in the silk fibroin film consists of two different structures, loosely aggregated and tightly aggregated ones. The loosely aggregated structure displays the sorption behavior like that of synthetic polymers in glassy state that was observed in the first-stage portion of sorptions. The tightly aggregated structure corresponds to the second-stage portion in sorption, which was strongly affected by the morphology of the loosely aggregated structure, glassy or rubbery.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (903K) -
多賀 透1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 687-695
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーStyrene (ST) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were grafted onto cellulose gel, which had been prepared from cellulose solution in 85% phosphoric acid, by use of ceric ammonium nitrate as an initiator.
The frequency of grafting for the ST/cellulose graft copolymer obtained as a toluene extract separated from the attendant unreacted cellulose was found to be unity. Intrinsic viscosities of the cellulose graft copolymers extracted from graft products with organic solvents implied that the copolymers were in a uniform molecular dispersion, forming monomolecular micell-like structures in the organic solvents. Cellulose crystallites were hardly found in the film prepared with the MMA/cellulose graft copolymer extracted from the MMA/cellulose graft product with 1, 2-dichloroethane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1200K) -
河原 豊, 中島 茂1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 696-698
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe treatment of raw silk fiber with tannic acid solution and then with the solution of a mixture of potassium dichromate and aluminum chloride greatly reduces the weight loss upon the degumming with a protease. However, the loss is not so much reduced for the fibers treated with tannic acid solution and then with the solution of antimonyl potassium tartarate or only with the solution of the metal salt mixture. These observations suggest that an interaction between tannic metal complex and the tyrosine residue takes place in the fiber, interfering the enzymic hydrolysis at the specific residue. It was also found that the weight loss of raw silk fiber by reducing with appropriate reagent is smaller than that of the untreated one. Such a reduction treatment is not effective for the degumming.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (237K) -
李 文〓, 脇田 登美司1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 699-703
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーMerino wool was treated with low temperature plasma of oxygen and tetrafluoromethane for 30 and 180s, and then dyed with two direct dyes, C. I. Direct Red 2 and C. I. Direct Blue 1. The pretreatment increased not only the rate of dyeing but also the saturation dye exhaustion in the same manner as in the dyeing with milling type acid dyes. Barrier effect at the beginning of dyeing of untreated wool was decreased by the plasma treatment. From these results, it seems likely that the surface of endocuticle or adhesive filler in interscale of wool was relaxed by the plasma treatment and as a result the rate of dyeing and saturation dye exhaustion were increased.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (384K) -
裴 淑姫, 駒城 素子, 中島 利誠1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 704-710
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSolvent dyeing of silk with 3-carboxypyridinio-triazinyl (MNT), monochlorotriazinyl (MCT), and vinylsulfonyl (VS) reactive dyes from aqueous alcoholic dyebath was investigated. MNT and MCT stilbene monoazo yellow dyes, MNT and MCT disazo red dyes (C. I. Reactive Red 120), Red 3, Blue 5, and Blue 19 were used. With an increase in the content of alcohol in the neutral salt dyebath, the amounts of adsorption of these dyes decreased to the minimum value, and increased to the maximum value at the saturated concentration of the dyebath, and then decreased again.
The minimum was attained at 40-50 (vol.)% and the maximum about 80-90%.
The alcohol concentration of maximum dyeing varied with dyes and was inversely proportional to the number of sulfonic acid groups of dyes. From the aqueous dyebath with neutral salt the adsorption of triazinyl dyes was Langmuir-type, while from the 90% alcohol dyebath it was Nernst-type.
With an increase in the content of alcohol in the aqueous dyebath, the contribution of Langmuir-type to the adsorption was decreased, while that of Nernst-type was increased.
It was confirmed that silk fabrics can be dyed from the aqueous alcoholic dyebath. Although there remains some problems to be solved from the practical point of view, 80-90 (vol.)% ethanol solution brought about the most effective dye fixation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (482K) -
戸田 玉子, 加藤 敦子1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 711-716
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe shrink resistance of polyurethane resin finished wool fabrics was investigated in terms of changes in resin layer on fiber surfaces. The changes in the amount of resin adhering to fiber surfaces after repeated washing were measured by attenuated total reflection (ATR) method using FTIR. It was found that the germanium prism as an internal reflection element was applicable to measure-the thickness of resin layer on fiber surface. The resin was gradually removed from fibers with the increase of washing time. Approximately 50% of resin was removed from the fabric after 50 washings. The scanning electron microscope was used to examine the resin layer of fiber surfaces. While the changes in resin layer covered scales of wool by washing were scarecely recognized, it was observed that the resin layer adhering among fibers was broken and peeled off. The amount of resin removed from fabric and the area shrinkage of fabric were directly related with the increase of washing time. After 50 washings, 1.8% area shrinkage was observed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (840K) -
山口 庸子, 永山 升三1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. 717-723
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe distinction between the effect of silicone treatments on the fabric handle of woolen flannel and that of the practical treatment, softening and sizing which are carried out in commercial dry cleaning was investigated by measuring mechanical properties with the KES-FB fabric testing system and by estimating sensory properties with the Scheffé's parired t-test. The factor analysis of mechanical properties and the sensory evaluations showed that the effect of treatments in dry cleaning consist of three factors, namely, softness, smoothness and thickness including compression stiffness. Estimation of the total quality of these treatments in dry cleaning was influenced by the mechanical and sensory fabric surface properties. The characteristics of silicone treatment was to make smooth fabric surface compared with the practical treatment carried out in commercial dry cleaning.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (497K) -
角田 知己1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. P633-P635
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (755K) -
釣竿から自動車まで植村 政彦1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. P636-P642
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2115K) -
藤崎 忠志1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. P643-P647
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2113K) -
秋浜 繁幸1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. P648-P653
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2587K) -
田村 富雄1992 年 48 巻 12 号 p. P654-P658
発行日: 1992/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2759K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|