巻号一覧
16 巻, 9 号
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河崎 邦夫1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 693-700
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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寺崎 秀雄, 阪田 喜秋, 片桐 康1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 701-705
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of measuring conditions (sampling, deformation speed, compression load etc.) were studied with the cylindrical fiber assembly of viscose rayon staple using table type Instron tester, The results are as follows:
(1) One gram sample gives worse precision than two grams, and the sample which is divided and piled layer on layer, or which is too tall small cross-section, is not desirable for precision.
(2) The higher deformation speed gives the lower variance for repulsion and the higher variance for compression.
(3) The strain and fatigue of the fiber aseembly increases with the absolute humidity, probably due to the higher moisture regain.
(4) The relation between compressed height (Y) and compression load (Z) is expressed by the following equation:
(5) Rayon staple, Vinylon and Cotton have higher bulkiness at compression and Rayon staple, Acrylics and Cotton have higher repulsion after ten times load cycles.
(6) The blending of rayon staple with cotton contributes to increase in the bulkiness as the amount of the former is increased to a extent within 30%, on the other hand the strain is almost unaffected.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) -
第XXXV報 逆転ロール式フェルト試験機による統計的フェル卜化因子の検討池田 佐喜男1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 706-710
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe experiments were designed using L16(215) method and the data obtained were tested by analysis of χ2-variance. The following factors were acknowledged to be significant at 5% level:
(1) Carrotting process-concentrations of NaNO2 and HNO3, immersion temperature and drying temperature.
(2) Felting process-pH, temperature of the sample, pressure of the roller and rate of reversion of the rolling i.e. β/θ (where β is one side rotating angle and θ the other side).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (370K) -
第16報 溶媒とPANの相互作用について 第17報 アクリルニトリル-アクリル酸エステル共重合体の溶解性高橋 正夫, 渡辺 正元1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 711-718
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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戸田 久昭1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 719-724
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーQualitative and quantitative determinations of uronic acids and uronides were carried out by conductometric and potentiometric titrations and paper chromatography.
1. The dissociation of glucuronic acid lactone is very slow in neutral and acidic solutions. In titrating by Ba(OH)2 solution, pH increases rapidly and becomes alkaline before active dissociation of the lactone commences.
On the other hand, uronic acids (acidic form) react immediately with Ba(OH)2 and completely turn to the barium uronates below pH7 (see Fig. 1). Therefore, the proportion of uronic acids and their lactones can be determined by combination of conductometric and potentiometric titrations.
2. A paper chromatographic determination of uronic acids and their lactones in the presence of other sugars was carried out by means of multiple developments of their barium salts with n-bu-tanol-benzene-pyridine-water (10:2:5:5) and ethyl acetate-acetic acid-formic acid-water (18:3:1:4), followed by colorimetric determination of the uronic fractions separated clearly from the other neutral sugars.
Uronides in gum arabic and pectin resist considerably against hydrolysis, but large amount of them were hydrolyzed to monomers by elongation of the secondary hydrolysis to 10_??_12hrs. (see Fig. 2 and Table. 1).
Decomposition of uronic acids during acid hydrolysis was investigated(see Fig. 3 and 4), and then the uronic acid contents of gum arabic and pectin were determined by means of paper chromatography.
The values of these uronides obtained by this method agreed closely with those obtained by the CO2 method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (478K) -
戸田 久昭1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 725-729
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIt has been found that the uronic acids fraction produced in hydrolysis of wood meals and pulps consists of 4-0-methyl-D-glucuronopyranosyl-D-xylose (f2), lacton of f2, 4-0-methyl glucuronic acid (f1) and glucuronic acid (or galacturonic acid) (f3) (see Fig. 1 and 2).
The above fraction was separated from hydrolyzate of birch wood meal, and f2, main product of the fraction, was isolated by means of cellulose column chromatographic technique (see Fig. 3 and Table 1). Using Somogyi's colorimetric and iodometric methods, reducing power of f2 corresponds to 32% of that of glucuronic acid (per mol.), while the power of f1 corresponds to that of glucuronic acid.
f2 is strongly resistent against hydrolysis, and only 31% is hydrolyzed to monomers by treating with 4% H2SO4 in boiling water bath for 9 hrs. (see Fig. 4). In total hydrolysis (treated with 72% H2SO4 for 1 hr. at 30°C and with 4% H2SO4 in boiling water bath for 9hrs, ) of woods and pulps, a large amount (over 70%) of f1-residues in the samples remains as f2. In quantitative paper chromatography of methylglucuronic acid-rich xylan, therefore, some xylose residue in f2 must be added to that of xylan estimated from xylose produced in hydrolysis.
Total amount determined by (paperchromatography) of these uronic acids (f1, f2 and f3) produced in total hydrolysis agrees almost with that determined by the CO2-method (see Table 2).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (350K) -
戸田 久昭1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 730-734
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn determination of alkali solubilities of beaten birch bleached sulphite pulp (see Fig. 1 and 2), it has been found that the 10% NaOH solubility tends to increase with the progrese of beating, but the 0.5, 1, 5 and 18% NaOH solubilities tend to decrease (see Fig. 3). The amount of glucan in 10% HaOH soluble substances increass by beating, while the amount of xylan, mannan and uronic residues remains nearly constant (see Table 1).
By analysis of soluble substance extracted by beating, it is found that methylglucuronoxylan is extracted from the pulp by beating (see Table 2).
In the case of beating of birch holocellulose, small amount of polysaccharides composed of rhamnose-, arabinose-, galactose-, mannose- and glucose-residues are extracted in addition to methylglucuronoxylan (see Table 4). Xylan extracted from the pulp and holocellulose is very rich in uronic acid, and the ratio of uronic units to xylose is 1:13 and 1:7-9, respectively., whereas the ratio in the xylan of birch bleached sulphite pulp and holocellulose 1:23 and 1:12, respectively, (see Table 3).
Although fir (Abies Mayriana) bleached sulphite pulp contains larger amount of glucomannan (see Table 5), only methylglucuronoxylan is extracted from the pulp by beating (see Table 6).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (938K) -
そのパルプ粘度測定への適用吉村 三郎, 古橋 宏1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 735-740
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーApplication of EWNN solution for viscosity measurement of pulp has been investigated in order to overcome complexity in cuoxam method in which air in apparatus must be replaced by inert gas to protect the decomposition of cellulose. Comparing the one step preparation of EWNN solution with that of the two steps, it was found that the former is superior to the latter in point of simpler preparation, while solvency is in reverse on account of presence of sodium nitrate as by-product in the latter. However the effect of the sodium nitrate upon the relative viscosity is not appreciable (Fig. 2). Since the solvency of the EWNN solution changes depending on DP (degree of polymerisation) and origin of pulp, optimum composition of the solution was investigated for lower DP pulp (dissolving grade sulfite pulp of ηrel-cuoxam 4.5) and higher (bleached paper sulfite pulp of ηrel-cuoxam 21.0), observing swelling and solution state with naked eyes and microscope (Fig. 1 and 2). Optimum composition is as follows; EWNN solution prepared by the one step contains sodium nitrate whose concentration is proportional to that of EWN complex and which restrains the solvency for the pulp. The solution by that one step, therefore, is unsuitable for the higher DP plup, although adaptable for the lower. With the exceptions of some prehydrolyzed sulfate and linter pulp with low solubility in the solution, it has been found that pulps dissolve within 40 minutes in these solutions.
Viscosity measurement of pulp with EWNN solution has been standardized, and calibration curves are obtained between ηrel-EWNH and ηrel-cuoxam (Fig. 4 and 5). From the result of following the viscosity change of pulp in process of hypochlorite-bleaching (Fig. 6), it has been concluded that the EWNN solution of the above composition might be used instead of the cuoxam solution for judging the end of bleaching operation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (471K) -
第9報 綿スフ混紡糸の湿潤強伸度について上野 清一郎1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 741-749
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe behaviors of the wet strength and elongation of cotton and rayon staple fibres are very different respectively. Accordingly the blended yarns which have peculiarity of cotton and rayon staple fibers were used to study the strength and the elongation at the wet state and were compared to those at the dry state that have been previously reported.
The results obtained are as follows*.
1) The rate of strength of cotton is higher at the wet state than at the dry state, and that of rayon staple fibres is much lower.
When the yarns have higher percentage of rayon staple fibres, the greater elongation is shown because rayon staple fibres give higher rate of elongation at the wet state.
2) Therefore, in the blended yarns with less than 67% of rayon staple fibres, or there abouts, the higher the percentage of cotton is, the higher the strength. On the contrary, in the blended yarns which have higher percentage of rayon staple fibres than that, the better the elongation.
3) When the wet/dry strength ratio of the yarns of cotton and rayon staple fibers is known the blend percentage of a given yarns may easily be measured.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (645K) -
第6報 制御装置(3オーバ4方式)の影響一野 哲朗, 黒崎 新也, 近田 富士雄1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 750-752
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーUsing the same experimental method as of our preceding paper, on the 3 over 4 drawing frame which has been adopted as control apparatus of drawing process, the properties of velocity-change-points for several gauges of clearance between back-roller and smooth roller were studied.
As the clearance becomes wider, the center of distribution E (_??_) shifts from the side of front roller towards the back roller (Fig. 2), and the distribution range √E(s2) becomes wider (Fig. 3). “N” in Fig. 2_??_5 shows the case of no smooth roller.
On the practical application of control apparatus, the two factors should be considered; one is the properties of velocity-change-points shown in this paper, and the other the resistance of control apparatus for fibers gripped by front roller.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (252K) -
第16報 チオインドキシルカルボン酸類-キノン類1)系縮合染料について 第17報 チオインドキシルカルボン酸類-イサチン類系縮合染料について1)山田 仁穂1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 753-762
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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シロセット加工による酸性染料および酸性媒染染料の変色高瀬 福巳, 安西 一雄1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 763-772
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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川崎 健太郎1960 年 16 巻 9 号 p. 773-778
発行日: 1960/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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