巻号一覧
36 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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多賀 透, 稲垣 博1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T1-T6
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe ability of potassium persulfate (KPS) to initiate graft copolymerization of styrene onto cellulose was investigated. A kinetic study on the decomposition of persulfuric ion confirmed that the oxidation of cellulose in KPS aq. solution proceeds under a radical mechanism. Truely grafted side chains were separated from graft products by using thin layer chromatography combined with acid hydrolysis of cellulose backbone. These results implied that KPS has the ability to initiate graft copolymerization. It was found that the grafting efficiency depended on KPS concentration as follows: At lower KPS concentrations, namely 1.9_??_2.8m mol/l, graft copolymerization almost exclusively proceeded, while at higher concentrations, e. g., 18.5m mol/l, homo polymerization predominated over graft copolymerization.
The grafting site in cellulose was not elucidated, but it was found that the site was not restricted to any specific group, e. g., the reducing endgroup of cellulose as in the case of graft copolymerization with Ce4+ ion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (427K) -
柳原 重雄1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. P3-P5
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (870K) -
茶谷 周次郎1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. P6-P15
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (747K) -
三輪 実, 大沢 直志, 安藤 嘉章, 酒向 一彦1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T7-T13
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe temperature and the fiber length dependences of the thermal expansion coefficients of epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins reinforced with random-planar orientation of short glass fiber were studied.
For both composites, the thermal expansion coefficient of fiber orientation plane increases with increasing temperature. The coefficient of composites is given by the mean value of longitudinal and transverse coefficients for the unidirectional short fiber reinforced composite, the critical fiber length being taken into consideration.
The thermal expansion coefficient of composites is known to decrease with increase in the aspect ratio of reinforcing fiber. When the composites are reinforced with random-planar orientation of short glass fiber with 3 times of the mean critical length, the thermal expansion coefficients are almost equal to that of the theoretical value with continuous glass fiber.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (475K) -
前田 和生, 安斎 由和子1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T14-T19
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe Central Research Institute, Japan Tobacco & Salt Public Corporation The pressure drop of randomly packed fibrous filter tips for cigarette smoke was studied to establish the relation with the filter properties; kinds of fiber, fiber denier per filament, cross section of fiber, volume fraction of fiber, weight fraction of fibers and filter making method.
On the basis of linear relations found between modified permeability coefficient calculated with equations (2)-(4) and a porosity function, the pressure drop across the fibrous filter tip is given as where the resistance coefficient k=70 and exponent n=1.92 for the model filter. The k value depends on the structural arrangement of the fiber in the filter tip.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
-主としてJOLS江里口 将夫, 小俣 文彦1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. P16-P23
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (535K) -
永田 実, 清造 剛, 内野 規人1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T20-T25
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFiber properties were studied for polyether-ester homologs having halogen substituents on the benzene ring; Polyethylene 1, 2-diphenoxyethane-p, p'-dicarboxylate (PEB), Polyethylene 1, 2-di(o-chlorophenoxy)ethane-p, p'-dicarboxylate (PEBCl2) and Polyethylene 1, 2-di(o-bromophenoxy)ethane-p, p'-dicarboxylate (PEBBr2).
X-ray fiber diagrams measured for drawn and annealed fibers showed that halogen substituents affect slightly on the fiber identity period and greatly on the spacing which expanded by halogen substitution. The tensile properties were measured for melt-spun, drawn and annealed fibers. Tensile strength was not affected appreciably by halogen substitution. Elongation decreased in the order of PEB>PEBBr2>PEBCl2. Young's modulus increased in the order of PEB<PEBCl2<PEBBr2. Moisture regain, dye absorption and the rate of alkali-hydrolysis were measured for hot-pressed films. Moisture regain per mol film increased in the order of PEB<PEBCl2<PEBBr2. Dye absorption per mol film decreased in the order of PEB_??_PEBBr2>PEBCl2. The rate of hydrolysis increased in the order of PEB<PEBCl2<PEBBr2. These fiber properties could be explained mainly by steric hindrance or by volume expansion caused by the halogen substitution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (834K) -
松川 三郎, 中村 良治, 砺波 宏明1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T26-T32
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDimethylol ethylene urea or methylated methylol melamine was used to prepare “wash and wear” cotton fabrics.
The cotton fabrics finished with dimethylol ethylene urea by using pad-cure process have higher wet crease recovery and lower dry crease recovery than those by pad-dry-cure process. This tendency was enhanced by pre-swelling of the sample fabrics with alkali solution as reported by Steele.
When a drying process was added before the curing process, the wet crease recovery decreased remarkably and the dry crease recovery increased.
The rate of condensation reaction and the reactivity of the finishing agents with cellulose, were studied to explain these results. It was confirmed by the electron microscopic observation that the monomer impregnated into lamella migrated into inter-lamellar spaces during the drying process when dimethylol ethylene urea was used.
This interpretation is supported by the fact that when the organic solvent of high boiling point was used as the solvent of finishing agents, high wet crease recovery was maintained even if the drying process was inserted.
When the methylated methylol melamine was used, the wet crease recovery did not increase by pad-cure and the effect of inserting of a drying process upon the dry and wet crease recoveries was not so large.
It was concluded from these results that methylol melamine condensed rapidly in the amorphous region in lamella without forming covalent cross links in the water sensitive region, and expanded this region with the progress of the reaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (954K) -
Katsuhiko Nakamae, Masao Kameyama, Motoyoshi Yoshikawa, Tsunetaka Mats ...1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T33-T36
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe elastic modulus of the crystal regions in the direction perpendicular to the chain axis (Et) of poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) was measured by the X-ray technique. The relationship among Et, the crystal structure and the physical properties was discussed. Et in the direction perpendicular to the chain axis obtained for the (100) and (010) planes of PBT was 2.4×104 and 2.2×104kg/cm2 respectively, which indicated that the anisotropy of Et was very small. These values of Et were lower compared with those of the other crystalline polymers. The specimen modulus of PBT (Yt) was 1.0×104kg/cm2 and was nearly one half of the value of Et.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (700K) -
Fumio Suzuki, Naomichi Takahashi1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T37-T43
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe mechanism of deuteration of nylon 4 membranes by D2O vapor has been investigated in relation to the sorption of water.
The degree of deuteration of nylon 4 at 25°C was saturated at 17.5, 25 and 31% by cumulative contact with D2O vapor for 5, 30 and 60min a time, respectively, and equilibrated at the value of 38% by a long contact.
On the other hand, the reduced sorption curve for water showed a sigmoidal one at 25°C.
To these experimental results, Long's diffusion theory based on the time dependence of surface concentration of penetrant was applied under an assumption of a proportional relation of the degree of deuteration to the quantity of sorbed water. Long's parameters were obtained as β=1.6×10-2min-1 and DL=1.25×10-6cm2/min. By use of these parameters, water concentration distribution curves were calculated.
These results suggest that water molecules diffuse instantaneously into the center of membrane, and the quantity of sorbed water and the degree of deuteration increase uniformly throughout the membrane with gradual relaxation of hydrogen bonding of nylon 4 caused by water (D2O) sorbed in the earlier contact period.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (389K) -
M. Nango, E. Fukushima, M. Maekawa, A. Katayama, N. Kuroki1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T44-T48
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDyeing of cotton and cellophane by Benzopurpurine 4B (C. I. Direct Red 2) and Direct Sky Blue 5B (C. I. Direct Blue 15) in aqueous sodium alginate solution has been studied. The effects of the carboxyl group contained in the cellulose and of the dye structure on the dye adsorption equilibrium to cellulose in aqueous sodium alginate solution have been reexamined based on the previously described multiple equilibrium model. The affinities of the dyes, which were calculated with an assumed ionization degree of the carboxyl group in the cellulose and valencies of the dyes were nearly constant under the present dyeing conditions. These results confirm the previous conclusion that the dyes are concentrated into the internal solution of cellulose due to the presence of sodium alginate in the bulk solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (280K) -
Nobuyuki Tanaka1980 年 36 巻 1 号 p. T49-T54
発行日: 1980/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe thermal deformation phenomena of PVC, PP and nylon-6 fibers heated rapidly by immersing in silicone oil of a given temperature or by irradiating with infrared ray were reported. The shrinkage rates of PP and PVC fibers were 98 and 105mm/sec, respectively, independent of the sample initial length. The rate of nylon-6 fiber was dependent on the initial length. A damped oscillation of the sample length was found for PVC fiber upon the heating. These results suggest that necking type shrinkage takes place for PP and PVC fibers, but not for nylon-6 fibers. The oscillation of PVC fiber length may be related to the damped inertial elasticity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (342K)
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