Effets of pH value of wool setting bath are studied by determining shrinkage by soaking for wool fabric and using fibers bundles for wool fiber as previously reported. Setting velocities of wool fibers in setting bath of various pH values, were studied, and correlations of fibers and fabrics for each pH values of setting bath are discussed. And the effects of pH values of soaking buth are also studied.
(1) Shrinkage of fabric by setting is dependent on pH value of setting bath, and it becomes remarkable in high value of pH, especially in high temperature. This phenomenon is peculiar to fabric, but it does not appeared in fiber.
(2) Effects of pH value of setting bath to a set of wool fabrics are dependent on temperature of setting. For example, setting effects increase suddenly at 9 of pH value at 40°C, 7 to 8 at 70°C, and 3 to 4 at 100°C, respectively.
(3) Extremely similar results are observed on setting of wool fibers, and therefore, good correlations may be assumed between fabrics and fibers as to the effects of pH values of setting bath, except in (1) above.
(4) The following experimental formula between set of wool fiber and time of treatment may be derived:
S=
k+αlog
t where,
S represents set,
t time of treatment,
k and α constants related to pH value and temperature of setting bath, respectively. Physical meanings and calculated data on
k and α, in various conditions of pH values and temperatures of setting bath, are discussed.
(5) It is not admitted the special value of pH of setting bath, in which the maximum effect of setting was observed.
(6) Even in acidic condition of setting bath, especially in high temperature, different values of set are obtained, in accordance with pH values of setting bath. It is explained from differences in decrease of opportunities of relinkings of side chaines, due to blockings of amino groups by hydrogen ions which varies in accordance with pH balues of setting bath.
(7) On effects of pH value of soaking bath, maximum set is found in 5 of pH value, isoelectric point of wool fiber. It is explained from bonds scissions in various of pH.
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