繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
61 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1~11を表示しています
時評
連載<伝統織物探訪>
解説
一般報文
  • 正路 大輔, 伊藤 幸一, 高田 忠彦
    2005 年 61 巻 7 号 p. 177-182
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/01/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    The surfaces on the two types of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers, R (Regular grade) fiber and HL (High modulus and low shrinkage) fiber with good dimensional stability for the industrial use were analyzed by contact angle, surface tension and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The surface tension of hydrogen bond contributions γsh of all PET samples was very small value, therefore, these samples were very inactive for the chemical interaction. Regarding surface tension of PET film, the polarity γsp was very small, but the dispersion γsd was major contribution. On the other hand, the polarity γsp of the PET fibers showed very large value, but their dispersion γsd was small. These values were different from those of the PET film. It was estimated that the surfaces of PET R-fiber and HL-fiber might be covered with specific chemical structures with polarity such as ethylene glycol chain or ester bond, respectively different from that of ordinary PET film from the analysis of XPS.
  • 矢崎 美彦, 高寺 政行, 清水 義雄
    2005 年 61 巻 7 号 p. 183-190
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/01/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    Knitted fabrics have superior expansion and contraction properties because of their loop structure. Light transmission factor is changed by extension. Light transmission properties of plain knitted fabrics stretched by uniaxial load and by biaxial load were measured, and relationship between stretch and anisotropic light transmission properties was studied. In uniaxial load, when the samples were stretched at the same extension rate along the wale direction and the course direction, they showed different light transmission factors because the stitch densities of wale and course changed with Poisson's ratio. Light transmission factor at front of a fabric was estimated from stitch densities of wale and course, Poisson's ratio of knitted fabric and diameter of yarn in stretch. In biaxial load, when the samples were extended in the same area, they showed same light transmission factors. Light transmission factor at front of a fabric was estimated from stitch densities of wale and course and diameter of yarn in stretch. It was confirmed that anisotropic light transmission properties were different by tensile conditions.
  • Seiichiro Yokokawa, Yoshiharu Nishiyama
    2005 年 61 巻 7 号 p. 191-195
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/01/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    We studied gelation behavior of aqueous solution of agarose (1.0wt%) using light scattering and rheological measurement. Aqueous solution of agarose (1.0wt %) showed a stepwise structural evolution via a series of stages when it was cooling very slowly from the solutions. The stage includes: i) Homogeneous solution at above 62°C; ii) inhomogeneous transition stage at 61°C-51°C, where the mean scattering intensity steadily increased with temperature drop; iii) homogeneous intermediate state at 50°C-38°C, where scattering intensity stays constant; iv) second transition stage at 37°C-34°C, where scattering intensity rised steeply; and v) typical gel state at below 34°C. All states below 62°C showed hysteresis in that the return to solution required reheating to above 93°C. Because the loss modulus G'' was close to the storage modulus G' in the state iii), the phenomenon at this temperature range seems to be a weak gelation. Large fluctuations of scattering intensity in time and/or space observed in the stages ii) and v) indicate the presense of mobile or frozen-in inhomogeneities.
技術報文
研究速報
feedback
Top