巻号一覧
36 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T369a
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (43K) -
1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T369b
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2008/11/28
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福井 武, 関口 輝男1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P313-P317
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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高嶋 允勝1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P318-P319
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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赤羽 健志, 望月 隆二, 中保 治郎, 川井 収治1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T319-T323
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of branching and modification of end group of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) on the molecular orientation and crystallization during melt spinning and heat treatment of the fiber was studied by X-ray diffraction and birefringence measurements. The modified polyesters were prepared by adding pentaerythrithol (PENTA) as a branching agent and monomethoxy polyethyleneglycol (MPEG: average molecular weight=1500) as an end modifier in the polycondensation system of PET. As a result, it was observed that the molecular orientation of the branched PET fiber was much greater than that of linear PET and MPEG in the modified PET had a relaxation effect on the molecular orientation. In the extreme case of the orientation at the spinning velocity of 1250 m/min, X-ray photograph of the fiber showed the coexistence of fiber-axis oriented crystallites in almost isotropic amorphous matrix. These results suggest that the molecular chains of branched polymer tend to orient to the extent much greater than those of linear polymer due to intermolecular entanglements of the branched chains, and the molecular orientation results in the localized crystallization. When as-spun amorphous fibers of branched PET (PENTA containing) were heat treated, tilt preferred orientation of the crystallites was observed depending on the spinning draft. These behavior of the oriented crystallization can be explained by assuming the existence of oriented crystalline nuclei generated by the orientation effect of the chain branching.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1698K) -
松倉 洋1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P320-P323
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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野飼 享1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T324-T331
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーHeat transfer in porous materials such as a fiber assembly takes place by conduction, convection and radiation. Although each of these three types of heat transfer is important, this paper deals with the radiative heat transfer in a fiber assembly because this has not been sufficiently elucidated. Especially, the estimation is attempted for the shape factor, which plays an important role in the radiative heat transfer.
For the system of unidirectionally oriented fiber assembly placed between two parallel plates, the bodies participating in the radiative heat transfer are the surfaces of the fibers and the two plates. Therefore the exchange of heat radiation is performed between fiber ad fiber, fiber ad plate and plate ad plate. The shape factors in these three combinations are numerically estimated. The results give the following conclusions.
(1) The shape factor for the radiative heat transfer between fiber and fiber is fairly large, but the distance that the heat radiation can reach is considerably short.
(2) The factor between fiber and plate is large, and moreover the distance that the heat radiation can reach is fairly long. Therefore this makes the largest contribution to the heat transfer in the fiber assembly.
(3) The factor between plate and plate is given by eq. (19), and is not so large as that between fiber and plate. When the packing of fiber assembly is low, however, this makes a contribution similar to the conductive heat transfer to the total heat transfer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (553K) -
後藤 淳一1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P324-P328
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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木村 憲行1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P329-P332
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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池田 功夫, 鈴木 公宏, 木戸 猪一郎, 寺井 正義1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T332-T342
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーNylon 6 fibers were metallated with Li, Na, or K methoxide in methanol and the metallated fibers were allowed to graft-copolymerize with various vinyl monomers in tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) by the anionic mechanism. The following results were obtained. (1) In the graft polymerization of various vinyl monomers such as acrylonitril (AN), methacrylonitril (MAN), methyl acrylate (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), vinyl acetate (VAc), acrylamide (AAm) and styrene on the metallated nylons in THE and DMSO, AN and MVK were easily polymerized to produce the grafted nylons with high graft yields. MAN, MA and AAm were moderately polymerized to produce the grafted nylons with low graft yields. MMA, VAc and styrene were hardly polymerized. (2) In the graft polymerization of AN on the metallated nylons in various solvents, both the conversions and the graft yields increased with increasing the degree of metallation and the dielectric constant of solvents. The grafting efficiencies were about 100% for the solvents of lower dielectric constant. The number-average molecular weight (_??_n) of the graft chains decreased with increasing the degree of metallation in the range of 900_??_10000. The graft polymerization was depressed by oxygen existed in the reaction atmosphere and consequently the graft yields were in the order of N2>air>O2 atmosphere. Furthermore, the graft polymerization was depressed by additives such as hydroquinone, N-phenyl-β-naphthylamine, water and acetic acid. (3) In the graft polymerization of MMA on the metallated nylons in THF, DMSO and HMPA, the graft polymerization occurred only in HMPA. The graft yields increased with increasing the degree of metallation and in the order of K>Na>Li. The _??_n of the graft chains decreased with increasing the degree of metallation in the range of 400000_??_1100000, The apparent activation energy of the graft polymerization was 13.5 kcal/mol. To confirm the occurrence of graft polymerization, the grafted nylon was alternatively extracted with benzene and 16% CaCl2 solution in methanol (CaCl2/MeOH). Both the CaCl2/MeOH-soluble fractions and the benzene- and CaCl2/MeOH-insoluble fraction were confirmed to be the graft copolymers by IR spectra of each fraction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (696K) -
大西 正己1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P333-P335
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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小島 辰治1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P336-P339
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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荒谷 善夫1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P340-P343
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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鈴木 公宏, 池田 功夫, 高本 壮一1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T343-T353
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCotton and amorphous cellulose were metallated with alkali metal methoxide in pure methanol or in a mixed solvent consisting of methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1:1 v/v). The metallated celluloses were allowed to graft-copolymerize with acrylamide (AAm) and its methyl-derivatives (methacrylamide (MAAm) and crotonamide (CAm)) in various solvents by the anionic mechanism. In the metallation reaction of celluloses, the degree of metallation of celluloses increased with increasing DMSO content in the metallation solution, that is, with increasing the degree of swelling of celluloses. Higher degree of metallation was obtained at lower methoxide concentration by using DMSO as the solvent of methoxide solution. In the demetallation reaction of the metallated celluloses with various alcohols (ROH), the degree of demetallation decreased with increasing the electron-donating effect of the R group of alcohols. Consequently, the log of the degree of metallation was related to the Taft polar substituent constant _??_ of the R group of alcohols. In the graft-polymerization of AAm onto the metallated celluloses, solvents with lower dielectric constant were favorable for the graft-polymerization. Both the total graft-on and the graft-on via transition polymerization vs. the degree of metallation plots had maxima at 0.3_??_0.5 mol/AGU (AGU: glucose unit). Their maximum values decreased with increasing the dielectric constant of solvents and were not affected by kinds of the alkali metals. The total graft-on and the graft-on via transition polymerization of MAAm and CAm showed less than one tenth of those of AAm, and were in the sequence AAm_??_CAm>MAAm. Apparent activation energies of the graft-polymerization were 7_??_8kcal/mol for the Na-metallated cotton treated in pyridine and tetrachloroethylene. The occurrence of graft-polymerization was confirmed from IR spectra and thin-layer chromatography of the grafted celluloses.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (736K) -
小此木 弘1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. P344-P346
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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尾上 正行, 三上 勇夫, 木下 陸肥路, 鎌田 佳伸1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T354-T363
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of the present investigation is to examine the relation among the forces received at each part of the cloth pressing structure, namely the pressure bar, the throat plate and the feed dog. It is also intended to clarify the relation between these forces and the feeding length of cloth.
The forces of the three parts were simultaneously measured under sewing. However, in the present study, fabric, needle and sewing thread were not used for the convenience of the examination. The results are as follows.
1) The sewing machine is operated at low speed. Then, as the initial pressure force increases, the timing, at which the feed dog begin to receive the force, becomes earlier, while the timing of the force release becomes later. This means that the range of the crank angle at which the feed dog receives the force becomes widened. But the deflections of the feed dog and of the feed bar by the pressure force narrows the range of the crank angle at which the throat plate is unloaded. Since the range of the unloaded crank angle of the throat plate corresponds to the effective crank angle of the cloth feeding, the feed length of the cloth is decreased by the increase in the pressure force.
2) The forces at the feed dog and the pressure bar turn to decrease after passing their maximum values. The timing of the turnover of the two forces is not punctual. The time lag becomes longer as the initial pressure force increases. This is caused by the holding of the pressure bar by the pressure bar bushing.
3) As the machine speed is increased, the force received by the feed dog increases for the sake of inertia force. Under the condition that there is no gap between the pressure foot and the other parts, the range for the crank angle of the feed dog to receive the pressure force, is widened. At the same time, the range of the crank angle of unloaded throat plate, which corresponds to the effective range of the cloth feeding, is widened also.
4) With further increase in the sewing speed, there appear unloaded ranges for the feed dog and the throat plate under the conditions that they should be loaded. This unloading is caused by the separation of the pressure foot from the feed dog or the throat plate.
5) Two reasons were found for the separation of the pressure foot. One is its leaping action caused by the feed dog and the other is the departure of the pressure foot from the feed dog by holding the pressure bar at the pressure bar bushing. The former occurs under low pressure and thelatter, under high pressure.
These results show that care must be taken for the material quality and the length of the pressure bar bushing and the oiling method for the smooth action.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1233K) -
宮松 徳久, 小口 登1980 年 36 巻 8 号 p. T364-T368
発行日: 1980/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーVery fine fibrous ion exchangers having polyethylene as reinforcing constituent have been prepared by following processes.
1) Impregnation of monomer mixture, stylene-divinylbenzene or vinylbenzilchloride-divinylbenzene, into very fine fiber of high density polyethylene.
2) Polymerization the monomer mixture in the fiber under condition that the fiber is swollen by the adsorbed monomer mixture.
3) Introduction of ion exchange groups.
The fine fibrous ion exchangers have the following properties:
1) The fundamental characters, such as ion exchange capacity and swelling property by water, of the fibrous ion exchangers obtained are very similar to those obtained by using polyvinylchloride fiber as a raw material.1)
2) The fibrous ion exchanger obtained adheres mutually over 140°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (882K)
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