巻号一覧
33 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の19件中1～19を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
長野 正満1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. P281-P286
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (503K) -
石川 欣造1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. P287-P292
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (554K) -
田中 信行1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T363-T370
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe relationships between the structural changes and the thermal deformations of fibers and plastics by shock heating are important industrially, relating to the problems of the dimensional stability. The author made a shock heating apparatus by which the fiber length changes by shock heating can be detected on the recorder automatically.
In this paper, the peculiar deformation phenomena observed for shock heated high crystalline oriented nylon 6 and polypropylene monofilaments were discussed thermodynamically on the basis of the modified Flory's theory on melting of polymers. Thus it was pointed out that the comparison of the shrinkage behavior occurred in heating procedure at constant rate with that by shock heating is valid to clarify the fiber structures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (501K) -
鈴木 常之, 幸 勝彦1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T371-T378
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThis is a report on a practical application of an automatic measuring system of tensile strength and elongation for staple fibers developed with the aim of manpower saving and improvement of measuring exactitude and its speed.
Many automatic systems of sample exchange, feeding to chuck and data processing have been developed and put to practical use in case of filament fibers. While automatic measuring systems for staple fibers have not been well established and the work requires many hands, since the sample fibers are difficult to measure due to their fineness and short length.
In this system, though sample fibers are still necessary to be pasted on the paper by men, subsequent testing and data processing mechanisms are automatic.
Paying attention to the mechanical perforrhances of the base paper of sample and tensile tester, and the accuracies of interfaces of sequence control and data processing, our efforts were concentrated on the elimination of a little loads around chuck and electrical noise.
This system is consisting of the following components:
sample paster; where the rolled paper with adhesive resins is fed and sample fibers are pasted on it by hands
part of sample set on-off; cuts the sample tape rolled in reel on the way to chuck, transfers it to chuck parts with sproket wheel and removes the tested sample
tensile tester; operations with external signals are added to conventional testers including opening and closing of chuck
control device; controls these operations
data processing device; analyzes the s-s curve obtained from tests and types the results.
This system has attained 90 per cent of manpower saving comparing with conventional testers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1011K) -
村山 和永, 山崎 親康, 東郷 晋, 小山 端1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T379-T385
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA viscoelastometer of torsion pendulum type has been developed. This instrument also serves for Torsional Braid Analysis. The applications of electromagnetic brake and automatic data processing device have increased the frequency of data-plotting and economized in man power. The viscoelastic properties of some binders and polymeric agents which are used in fiber processing were characterised by means of TBA. These results indicate the applicability of TBA method for the determination of the optimum heat treatment (or drying) conditions and for the estimation of thermal properties of the materials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (418K) -
吉田 信之, 中山 孝男, 土田 信男, 山崎 親康1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T386-T393
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn automatic analyzing system has been developed for continuous measurement of dye-uptake evenness of a fine-denier, continuous polyester filament yarn along its axis.
The system consists of a Yarn Sampling Unit, a Continuous Dyeing Unit, a FYL Analyzer and a Data Processing Unit. All operations are carried out in a fully continuous way, and are executed within a very short time, about 10 minutes.
The results obtained by this system are in good agreement with those by the conventional method. The system is useful in various fields such as the analysis of fiber manufacturing processes, the evaluation of textile machines, etc.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (509K) -
西出 照雄1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T393-T397
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA measuring equipment for reeling informations was developed, applying an analogue information processing technic which counts some informations on the basis of size signal.
The equipment is connected with the size detector, the size controller and the reeling machine. The equipment counts the numbers of feeding ends, dropping ends, stopped reel and stopping time interval of reel.
Considerations about some conditions must be made to set appropriate sampling time interval because the measuring accuracy is influenced by frequency of input, reeling speed and sampling time interval.
It is confirmed that this equipment is effective for detection of reeling informations because the results are in fair agreement with those independently measured by proper methods.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1069K) -
野飼 享, 野沢 安治, 鳴海 裕1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T398-T404
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAs fiber assemblies are used for clothings, bedclothes and insulating materials, it is thought that the free-convectional heat transfer in them becomes important for the improvement of the applied conditions in practical uses. From this point of view, this paper theoretically deals with the free-convectional heat transfer in fiber assemblies put between two heated vertical parallel plates.
Basic equations for the free-convectional heat transfer in fiber assemblies consist of the three partial differential equations of continuity, momentum and energy, and they are analyzed by the boundary layer approximation and vectorial dimension analysis. Three dimensionless basic equations obtained are solved numerically by the application of the difference method. The following matters are clarified:
(1) The temperature distribution in fiber assemblies becomes linear with the development of convection. And the development becomes rapid with the increase in the dimensionless flow rate.
(2) The local and mean Nusselt numbers decrease with the increases of the dimensionless position to the vertical direction, and the dimensionless flow rate, respectively.
(3) The dimensionless pressure in fiber assemblies has negative value, and the vertical position having the minimum pressure is found.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (459K) -
佐貫 治夫, 山石 健次, 清信 文博, 小城 浩一, 滝口 茂保1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T406-T412
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWool fibers purified by scouring show intensive water repellency caused by the epicuticle of the surface scale. Therefore wool assemblies absorb no water even when they are immersed statically for a long time in water at ambient temperature.
In this study, wool assemblies were immersed in various kinds of liquids to find the wetting condition. Changes of wetting behaviour with the degree of porosity of wool assembly were discussed.
The experimental procedures and the appraisals of wettability of sample wool assembly are as follows.
Sample assemblies suspended from a strain gauge were immersed into liquid. Apparent weights of the sample assembly in the liquid were followed by the strain gauge as a function of elapsed time and the relations between retained air index (Va/Vc) and elapsed time were obtained. Rapid convergence of Va/Vc value to zero means the high wettability of the sample assembly.
The results are as follows:
1) In distilled water, the water did not enter into assembly, regardless of temperature and degree of porosity.
2) In the mixtures of water and ethanol in various ratios, penetration of the liquid became fast in proportion to the decrease of surface tension of the liquid. In 55vol.% ethanol solution, of which surface tension was 31.2dyne/cm, Va/Vc value converged to zero, very rapidly. From these facts, we suggest that C. S. T. value of wool surface is in the range 30 to 35dyne/cm.
3) In surfactant solutions of different concentrations, the penetration rate increased in proportion to the concentration. But in the dilute concentration range below the critical micelle concentration, the penetration of liquid was very slow.
4) In tetrachloroethylene, penetration completed within a few second, at any degree of porosity. The solvent shows excellent permeability to the wool assembly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (484K) -
Carl F. Zorowski, Takayuki Murayama1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T413-T415
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA method is presented which permits the quantitative characterization of bonding strength in non-woven fabrics using loss tangent, tan δ, data measured directly from samples non-destructively with the Vibron DDV-II Viscoelastometer. The procedure is derived from a phenomenological model of the structure's mechanical behavior in which its energy dissipation capacity consists of both filament internal viscous friction and a filament-to-filament coulomb friction mechanism. By treating the coulomb dissipation in terms of an additional effective viscous component the loss tangent of the model representing the structure can be analytically expressed in terms of the internal filament viscous properties, a fiber to fiber coulomb parameter, and an undetermined assembly dispersion factor which is representative of bond strength. By measuring effective loss tangent data for the structure and a constituent filament at two separate frequencies and considering the magnitude of the coulomb mechanism to be independent of the test frequency in the range employed, both the assembly dispersion factor and the coulomb friction dissipation can be quantified. Using this procedure, loss tangent data from tests on a series of non-woven fabrics are used to calculate both assembly dispersion and interfilament coulomb friction factors. The value and significance of the calculated results are considered and discussed in terms of the mechanical behavior of the structures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (159K) -
安田 浩, 鈴木 常之1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T416-T422
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of the continuous, accurate and rapid evaluation of the extension and shrinkage properties along the yarn axis, an automated analyzing system known as ε-meter was developed by Toyobo. ε-meter consists of the following units;
(1) yarn sampling unit
(2) continuously measuring unit
(3) data processing unit.
The ε-meter provides continuous and highly accurate measurements of yarn characteristics such as wet shrinkage, crimp-stretchability and crimp-recovery, which correspond to those obtained by the standardized JIS measurements. Further, measurement of the crimp recovery of yarns after heat-treatment under the constant load, for example 5mg/d, gives a quality measure concerning the texture touch of the knitted and woven fabrics. By using the ε-meter, the creep properties of undrawn yarns under a constant load at any temperature can be obtained. The creep value measured under the definite condition with the load of 0.2g/d at 100°C has been called “integrity factor” as Du pont first used the term. The factor is related to the orientation characteristic of undrawn yarns. Therefore, the ε-meter enables rapid and accurate evaluation of the orientation for undrawn yarns with a variety of cross-sectional shapes. Very important information about the yarn quality evenness along the axis can be obtained by continuous measurements using the ε-meter.
Since it becomes possible to inspect the yarn quality with labor much saved, the application of the ε-meter to operation controls in the many fields of the fiber industry leads to the rationalization.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (452K) -
大沢 源一郎, 小山 敏夫1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T423-T427
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーOn studying of the structure and the shape of the yarn-package, it is necessary to measure the internal pressure of the package during winding. A paper strain gauge and a miniature load cell is used for measurement. The measured internal pressure is a partial pressure on the bobbin and in the yarn layer of the package.
Because of difficulties to use ordinary R. T. winder or universal type winder for measurement, a trial winder is made for this experiment. The bobbin set on this winder does not rotate but yarn is wound around the bobbin by a flyer. Further, this winder is able to wind up yarn with constant speed by the two non-step speed regulator and it functionate effectually for the purpose. This paper shows mainly technical methods for measuring internal pressure and some results of experiment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K) -
馬越 芳子, 石川 欣造1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T427-T432
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe fraunhofer patterns of warps and fillings of silk fabrics were discussed in relation to the structure of the fabrics.
1. Fraunhofer patterns of warps are the convolution of those from each warp.
2. The patterns of degummed and finished warps and fillings indicate partially the structural elements of the fabrics.
3. The patterns from warps reflect the fabric structure more clearly than those from fillings.
4. Fraunhofer analysis of the object shows a specific diffuse pattern, while the irregularity was shown by the observation by a microscope. The patterns of fabrics are similar to the convolution of those of warps and those of fillings set at right angle.
5. Coupled X-ray diffraction and fraunhofer analysis are very useful to clarify the fabric structure.
6. The twist angle and the corresponding molecular chain orientation angle were measured by means of fraunhofer and X-ray diffractions, respectively. The ratio of them was found to be 0.5 for silk organzine yarn and 0.6 for nylon organzine yarn.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2390K) -
鳥羽 栄治, 松倉 晋1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T433-T439
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen a rough surface is irradiated by a laser light and a reflected light or a transmitted light is observed, a diffraction fringe with speckle is obtained at the observation plane. This diffraction fringe is called the speckle pattern.
In the present study, the static states of woven fabric surfaces were obtained as the autocorrelation functions from the speckle patterns.
The functions indicate the following facts.
(1) By the reflection method, the surface configuration of a woven fabric can be known, on the other hand, by the transmission method, the state of plane arrangement of yarn can be known.
(2) Three fundamental weaves, i.e. plane weave, twill weave, and satin weave, can be discriminated.
(3) The presence of periodic defect in the woven fabric and its size can be detected.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1860K) -
秋山 隆一, 久世 栄一1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T439-T443
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー不均一構造をもつ布の2次元格子状組織と回折面上での強度分布の関係を論じ,フィルタリングを行う場合最適化法を明らかにした。このフィルタリングの方法により,布の異常部(糸抜け)の検出が容易にできることを示した。
本研究の一部は第7回繊維連合研究発表会(1975.10.23) (大阪)で発表した。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1758K) -
成瀬 信子, 五十嵐 日出子, 仁平 幸治1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T444-T452
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe changes in the optical property of textile surfaces subjected to the repetitive extension, cause the angular distribution of reflected light to vary, influencing the appearances of textiles.
In correspondence with the variation in the distribution of the reflected light, the changes of optical property are roughly classified into the following three patterns:
Type 1: The surface conditions are hardly changed.
Type 2: The textile surfaces are flattened.
Type 3: The concavity and convexity of textile surfaces are intensified.
When the change is intensive, type 2 accompanies luster and type 3 sometimes reduces it greatly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1208K) -
近田 淳雄, 太田 健一, 鳥海 浩一郎, 美斉津 利正1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T453-T464
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn apparatus for cold feel test of fabrics was designed in our laboratory. Seventeen chromel-alumel thermocouples connected in series were sandwiched between acrylic resin films, and bonded on a copper plate. The surface temperature of this copper plate was used as the hot plate in the apparatus and was controlled at 35°C with a heat source placed under it. Cooling curves showing the temperature change of the thermocouples just after putting a fabric on the hot plate were recorded under various conditions for different types of fabric.The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1. Abrupt temperature change at initial few seconds can be measured exactly with this apparatus.
2. The cooling curves recorded with this apparatus show a little increase of the surface temperature in a few seconds and seem to represent the real cold feel of a fabric at handling. Cold feel of a fabric may be estimated from the maximum cooling rate and maximum temperature drop obtained from this cooling curve.
3. Cooling curves are affected by the material of the plate placed at the back of the fabric, the contact pressure between the hot plate and the fabric, and ambient relative humidity.
The true contact area between the hot plate and a fabric is very small (0.005% of the apparent contact area). Therefore, the increase of the cooling rate by increasing the contact pressure may be caused mainly by the decrease of air gap between the hot plate and the fabric.
4. To clarify the relation between this testing method and conventional handling test, more experiment and further theoretical consideration of this mechanism are required.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1466K) -
篠原 昭, 島田 十三男1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T465-T469
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA simple method to observe the liveliness of fabrics is devised. This principle is based on “the snap through” behaviour or “catastrophe” phenomenon of simple undulating elastica. A narrow, thin strip clamped at both ends with angle Θ must have two stable deflected forms, provided angle Θ is smaller than a critical angle Θc.
When Θ increases gradually, and becomes Θc, an elastica shifts to another stable state instantaneously. If the test specimen is not an elastic body, say, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics etc., the strip does not shift instantaneously, but it behaves slowly and the shifting behaviour starts over Θc. We make use this time delay phenomenon to appreciate the liveliness of fabrics, and has studied this theoretically. In order to verify, we performed some tests using steel strip and some filament fabrics and we concluded that this method can be used to appreciate the liveliness of fabrics both qualitatively and quantitatively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1054K) -
熨斗 秀夫, 小林 昇二, 山田 照幸1977 年 33 巻 9 号 p. T470-T477
発行日: 1977/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe sensory value for rhythm according to moving skirt were obtained by sensory test. The moving type of skirt is circular arc-reciprocation and skirt is dressed on the nude damy.
The obtained results are as follows.
(1) The relation between the moving type and sensory value for rhythm.
(a) When the velocity of reciprocation is about 40cycle/min, the maximum sensory value for rhythm on each arc angle is obtained, in case of range of arc angle 30°C-170°C.
(b) The maximum sensory values are classified into two groups. In the first group, the sensory values on each arc angle increase with increasing the arc angle, and in the second group, those become nearly same in spite of the arc angle.
(2) The effect of the kinds of cloth and the constructive factors on skirt for the sensory value of rhythm.
(a) In case the train-circumference of skirt is long, the sensory value becomes large.
(b) The length of skirt gives little effect on the sensory value.
(c) The properties of cloth give a little effect on the sensory value.
In case both the length and the train-circumference of skirt are long, the sensory value under thick cloth becomes large, and in case both are short, the sensory value under thin cloth becomes large on the contrary.
(d) The sensory value of rhythm becomes large, in case the node on skirt is deep.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1032K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|