巻号一覧
20 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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第2報 モノフィラメントおよびロ一プ類の伸長弾性回復小沢 三四郎1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 133-139
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーMaking various monofilaments by spinning and stretching of Ziegler process low pressure polyethylene, the tensile elastic recovery characters of the monofilaments and its ropes were determined. The results are as follows:
1) In relationship between elastic recovery and stretch ratio, monofilaments of higher ratio have lower recovery character at constant extension test method, and higher character at constant load test method.
2) Elastic recovery of Ziegler polyethylene monofilament is less than Nylon-or polypropylene-monofilament.
3) The elastic recovery curves of various fibers after unloading much resemble in type and the great part of elastic recovery occure within one minute.
4) In the case of rope, cord and twine made by twisting multiple monofilaments, because of slip deformation occured between filaments during tension, the filament size and the coefficient of friction have much influence on recovery resistance.
5) The rope of Ziegler polyethylene monofilament has superior tensile elastic recovery character at wet state than each rope of Nylon multifilament, Vinylon spun yarn or Manila.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (420K) -
三石 幸夫, 土浪 平1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 140-148
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPolyethylene terephthalate fibers were heat-treated under tensionless and fixed states at every twentyth degree from 80°C to 240°C for an hour of each stage. The changes in the fine structure and properties of heat-treated samples were investigated.
The results obtained are as follows:
1. The tensile strength does not change in the heat-treatment under tensionless and fixed states until about 160°C or 180°C, and above that temperature, it decreases. The tensile elongation gradually increases in the heat-treatment under tensionless state as the temperature is increased, but that of the samples heat-treated under fixed state does not change until about 160°C, and above that temperature, it gradually decreases (shown in Table 1).
2. It is shown that the peaks of of the (010) (_??_10) (100) reflections in the X-ray diffraction intensity curves of the heat-treated samples become sharp in high temperature heat-treatment. The crystal width gradually increases from 160°C. The long period which is determined from the meridional small angle scattering is found to decrease as temperature is increased, to a minimum at about 160°C or 180°C, beyond which it increases. The length of the crystalline and the amorphous area which is determined from the long period and the degree of crystallinity increase from 220°C (shown in Table 2).
3. The dye adsorption of the samples heat-treated under tensionless and fixed states is found to decrease as the temperature is increased, to a minimum at about 160°C or 180°C, beyond which it also increases and the samples become more dye adsorptive. This corresponds to the results that the X-ray long period and the deduced amorphous length show the minimum at that temperature, and above that temperature, each amorphous area contained so-called intermicellar spaces increases.
The location of the α absorption maximum of mechanical loss tan δ tends to shift to the higher temperature side by the heat-treatment, but it tends to shift to the lower temperature side by the heat-treatment above 200°C. The location of the α absorption maximum may be associated with the restriction of molecular chains in the amorphous area. So it is made clear that the structure of the samples becomes loose pack state by the high temperature heat-treatment.
4. In elastic recovery vs. temperature of heat-treatment curves, the elastic recovery of the samples heat-treated under tensionless and fixed states in 5%, 10%, 15% or 30% (or 25%) elongtion show the maximum at some temperature range in the heat-treatment. The maximum tends to shift to the higher temperature side as the elongation in elastic recovery is increased.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (629K) -
第3報 紡糸浴組成について 第4報 ビスコース変態剤の化学構造とその効果村上 瑛一1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 149-161
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1116K) -
大淵 覚, 吉武 郁之輔, 常田 隆博, 前田 裕志1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 162-168
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIt is well known that Ce+4 initiates the graft polymerization of various vinyl monomers onto cellulose.
We have found that the redox system consisted of Ag+ and S208-- also initiates the grafting onto cellulose easily in aqueous system at room temperature.
In the present report, the rate of grafting of methylmethacrylate (MMA) onto rayon has been studied using various amount of AgNO3 and K2S2O8.
The results obtained are as follows;
1) When the concentration of MMA remains constant, both the initial rates of total polymerization and grafting are determined by [Ag+]×[S2O8--].
2) At the concentration of initiator between 0.02 and 2.5 (m. mol/100 cc), although the rate of total polymerization is roughly proportional to ([Ag+]×[S208--])1/2, the rate of grafting is proportional to [Ag+]×[S208--].
3) The efficiency of grafting is consequently roughly proportional to ([Ag+]×[S208--])1/2 from the above results.
The probable mechanism of initiation of grafting is the oxidation of cellulose by Ag++ resulted from the reaction of Ag+ with S208--.
In the case of total polymerization, termination occurs probably by the reaction of two chain radicals, but the termination of grafting is supposed to arise from the chain transfer reaction with monomer or solvent (H2O).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (439K) -
竹内 武1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 169-175
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーLoad-elongation curve of a crimped synthetic yarn is divided into three regions. At the 1st region the crimps of filaments are only stretched. At the 2nd region, because the yarn is consisted of crimped filaments and filaments crimps are stretched to the true length, the filaments themselves are stretched. At the 3rd region, the filaments are themselves stretched.
In this paper the load-elongtion behavior and stress relaxation at the 2nd region only will be investigated.
The distribution of true length of the crimped filaments is a normal distribution. Their standard deviation ρ and mean value μ are dependent on the kinds of crimped yarns.
It is easily understood that theoretical load-elongation curve is formed of standard normal distribution and stress curves of a crimped monofilament. Investigating the stress of crimped yarn theoretically, following equation may be derived;
(1)
where σi=stress of crimped monofilament at the 1st region.
σi=stress of crimped monofilament at the 3rd region.
f(εi)=probability density of distribution of true length at εi.
f(εj)=probability density of distribution of true length at εj.
The range of distribution of the true length for each crimped yarns is to be determined by their values of ρ max., ρ min., μ max., and μ min. Therefore by comparison of the theoretical curve and experimental curves, the identification of these curves are proved.
At the second region relaxation stress is also divided into two parts, as in load-elongation behavior. One part is relaxation stress at crimp region, and the other part is at the true lengthed region. Stress relaxation may be expessed by the equation;
(2)
where σRi=relaxation stress for a monofilament at 1st region.
σRj=relaxation stress for a monofilament at the 3rd region
Relation of quantity of relaxation stress up to a difinite time (such as 10sec) and elongation is non-linear.
Because it is reasonable that difference of relaxation modulus is also non-linear to elongation, at the 1st region of elongation, relaxation modulus exhibits mainly linear property. But at the 2nd region, it is non-linear. At the third region it is also linear.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (421K) -
第10報 ペーパークロマトグラフ法によるアミノアンスラキノン系分散染料とアミンとの相互作用-特にR-N〓…X-Dye型水素結合を中心として須田 昌男, 宇治川 秀雄1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 176-182
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIt was previously reported1), 5) that Giles' type hydrogen bonding made an important contribution to the interaction between disperse dyes and ester type fibres.
In the present paper, the same problem is discussed from the view point of changes of Rf values in paper chromatography of disperse dyes when amines are added.
The results are as follows;
1) In similar manner to esters, there exists the correlation between Rf value and amine concentration [A].
Where Rfo; Rfwhen [A]=0, K; equilibrium constant, and m; numbers of amine molecules combined with one dye molecule.
Change of free energy(-ΔF)of interaction may be calculated from the estimated K.
2) There is a certain correlation between (-ΔF) and basicity of amine (pKb), when the data, are plotted on the ordinate and abscisa, respectively, therefor where M; a positive constant and N; a number related to solvation.
3) Considering that M is a positive constant, it is concluded that an amine acts as proton donor and a dye as proton acceptor, and that the interaction between disperse dyes and amines is supposed to form R-N_??_X-Dye type of hydrogen bonding.
4) These conclusions support the results of the previous papers that a hydrogen bonding through a dye as proton acceptor plays an important part in disperse dyeing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (452K) -
第2報 非イオン性界面活性剤と1, 4-ジアミノアンスラキノンの分散黒岩 茂隆, 小宮山 博子1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 183-186
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーVisible light absorption of the solution of 1, 4-diaminoanthraquinone (Cibacet Violet 2R) was measured, varying content of the non-ionic surfactant added as dispersing agent, to explain the connection of solubilization with the dispersed state of the dye. In further experiment the nonionic surfactant had been succeeded by polyoxyethylene glycol as dispersing agent, the chemical structure and properties of which were just the same as the hydrophilic group of the former, and the absorption spectra obtained in the same way as the above were investigated for comparison. The dye solution provided the absorption spectrum corresponding to almost molecular dispersion only when content of the non-ionic surfactant was over its CMC. The similar spectrum was observed also in the dye solution that was higher concentrated of polyoxyethylene glycol. The experimental results suggest that the dye solubilized molecularly and stoichometrically into the hydrophilic region of the surfactant micelle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (306K) -
第2報 アクリルアミドの定量法成田 宏, 内野 規人, 町田 誠之1964 年 20 巻 3 号 p. 187-190
発行日: 1964/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDuring the course of research of graft copolymerization of acrylamide on cellulose, it has become desirable to trace the amount of consuming monomer exactly.
Using potassium bromate-potassium bromide mixture and sulfuric acid as reagent, addition of bromine to acrylamide has been studied.
KBrO3+5KBr+3H2SO4=3Br2+3K2SO4+3 H2O
CH2: CH•CONH2+Br2=CH2Br•CH2Br•CONH2The excess of bromine is estimated by iodometric method. The most suitable reaction condition for quantitative analysis has been established, and some procedures of old determination methods have been improved.
By adjusting the reaction time, the amount of sulfuric acid and the bromate-bromide reagent, it has been found that the addition proceeds quantitatively without, side. reactions, has not been affected by the presence of polymer and has a good reproducibility, The experimental error has been within 0.2%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (247K)
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