繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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66 巻, 7 号
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  • 超臨界二酸化炭素を用いた多孔質ポリエステル繊維の調整
    廣垣 和正, 田畑 功, 久田 研次, 堀 照夫
    2010 年 66 巻 7 号 p. 163-167
    発行日: 2010/07/10
    公開日: 2010/08/17
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.163
    ジャーナル フリー
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    In view of creating a porous polyester (poly ethylene terephthalate: PET) fiber through a solid foaming process, we investigated the morphological changes of PET yarns induced by several methods under various supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) conditions. The PET yarn was foamed through the process of adsorption⁄decompression of scCO2⁄methanol (MeOH) mixture. The morphology of the treated fiber was foamed around the center of the fiber but not near the fiber surface. Porous fiber with pores on its surface as well as inside was prepared by removing the surface part without pores from the foamed fiber through the weight loss treatment using alkaline solution. The pores in the fiber were approximately spherical and various sizes, and some of them connected each other.
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  • Thermoplastic Polyurethane Ultrafine Fiber Web Fabricated by Laser Electrospinning
    Midori Takasaki, Kohsuke Sugihara, Yutaka Ohkoshi, Takayuki Fujii, Hir ...
    2010 年 66 巻 7 号 p. 168-173
    発行日: 2010/07/10
    公開日: 2010/08/17
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.168
    ジャーナル フリー
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    We have investigated the effect of the spinning conditions (the applied voltage, the laser power, the laser irradiation point, and the laser beam width) in laser-heated electrospinning, on the diameter of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) microfibers. The average diameter of electrospun TPU fibers decreased with decreasing applied voltage and increasing laser power. The variation in the diameters of the obtained fibers was reduced by using a narrower laser beam. A polyurethane microfiber with an average diameter of 2.4 μm and a coefficient of variation of 8% was obtained using a 0.9-mm-wide laser beam. A narrower laser beam causes a steeper thinning profile across the fiber diameter and a steeper increase in the fiber temperature, which should stabilize the spinning line.
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  • Stereocomplexation in the Solution Spun PLLA ⁄ PDLA Blend Fibers
    Jun Jae Lee, Jae-Chang Lee, Hideki Yamane
    2010 年 66 巻 7 号 p. 174-180
    発行日: 2010/07/10
    公開日: 2010/08/17
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.174
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    Solution-spun PLLA⁄PDLA blend fibers were obtained by the laboratory size spinning machine. The fibers obtained were drawn to various ratios at temperatures ranging from 80 to 140°C and subsequently annealed at 200°C under tension. Solution-spun fibers were highly crystallized during the coagulation process in the solution spinning and only the a-form homo-crystal of PLLA and PDLA were detected. Drawing of the fiber at temperatures between 80°C and 160°C did not promote the stereocomplexation between PLLA and PDLA. The drawn fiber seems to have two homo-crystal phases, one easily transformed to the streocomplex upon annealing at an elevated temperature and the other stayed either homo-crystal or melted during annealing and froze into the amorphous phase. The fibers drawn to higher ratios at higher temperatures, which showed a large melting peak of the homo-crystal at higher temperature region, kept homo-crystal phase even upon annealing at 200°C. On the other hand, the fibers drawn to lower ratios at lower temperatures, which show the single melting peak of homo-crystal at a lower temperature region, changed the structure from oriented homo-crystal to the oriented stereocomplex upon annealing. Due to the small content of oriented stereocomplex crystal and larger content of unoriented amorphous phase, the fibers annealed at an elevated temperature have fairly poor mechanical property.
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  • 湿式電界紡糸におけるローダミンＢの効果
    江頭 満, 小林 幹彦, 今野 武志
    2010 年 66 巻 7 号 p. 181-186
    発行日: 2010/07/10
    公開日: 2010/08/17
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.181
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Wet electrospinning here is not the “dry-jet-wet electrospinning”, but an electrospinning that is conducted in an insulator coagulant. The process is shown to be possible by spinning polystyrene-chloroform into the coagulant of fluorinert FC-40 (Sumitomo 3M Ltd.) in our previous paper. The products were, however, not good comparing with those by the ordinary electrospinning. Rhodamine B was added in the spinning solution to improve the spinnability in this paper. Spinning solutions of polystyrene-chloroform containing rhodamine B are prepared. The concentration of polystyrene was 5 to 25wt% and that of rhodamine B was 0 to 1.59mg⁄g. Observations of jet ejection show that distinguished difference occurred due to addition of rhodamine B. Multiple jets were ejected for the spinning solution without addition of rhodamine B. The jets were so thick that the liquid did not accumulate at the tip of the nozzle. On the other hand, Taylor cone was formed and thin jets were ejected from the apex of the cone as a usual electrospinning when rhodamine B was added. Beaded fibers were obtained from 20wt% polystyrene spinning solution, while the fiber beads were eliminated by addition of 0.15mg⁄g rhodamine B. The effects of rhodamine B were attributed to the increasing dielectric constant of the spinning solution.
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