巻号一覧
23 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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第1報 1軸および2軸延伸配向の光学的観察岡島 三郎, 三原 信一1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 457-461
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIsotropic film of high density polyethylene was stretched monoaxially or biaxially at 128 and 130°C and the orientation behavior was investigated through the change in the refractive indices along the stretching direction, the transverse direction and the normal to the film surface respectively. The behavior was compared with that of the polypropylene film previously reported. And the following results were obtained.
(1) The principal refractive indices of polyethylene were estimated by extrapolating the observed refractive indices vs. x-ray orientation degree of a highly stretched filament to the state of complete orientation and the following values were obtained: nα=nβ=1.5148, nγ=1.5673 at a density 0.950g/cm3.
(2) The refractive indices of the polyethylene film change by stretching and restretching in a similar manner to the case of polypropylene film.
(3) The degree of orientation of polyethylene film at any degrees of stretching at 130°C is higher than at 128°C, but in the case of the biaxial stretching the orientation behavior resembles very closely to each other, at the both temperatures.
(4) At the 130°C monoaxial stretching, the overall degree of orientation of the polyethylene is prominently higher than that of the polypropylene but nearly equal to its crystallite orientation.
(5) The apparent orientation behavior of polyethylene film during the restretching is not so different from that during the stretching, excepting that the former changes orientation in two dimensions, while the latter in three dimensions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (343K) -
第2報 多軸延伸の光学的観察岡島 三郎, 三原 信一1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 462-465
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーHigh density polyethylene film was blown and stretched in an area (υA) up to 26 folds and orientation behavior was investigated by optical means. The results showed that the trend resembled qualitatively to the polypropylene film reported in the previous paper. At the ultimate stretching nss approaches nα and the uniplanarity is extremely high. Homogeneous stretching could be obtained only within a narrow premelting range, 128_??_130°C, due to its outstandingly high crystallinity. It is considered that the stretching is attained principally by unfolding of lamellar crystals of which the spherulites are composed.
nss is in a good linear relation to υA and may be expressed by an equation: nss=nα+(niso-nα)/υA- However the nss at υA→∞ does not coincide exactly with nα, it is slightly smaller. From this, in combination with the x-ray data of the selective uniplanarity(ref. the next paper), the refractive index along the a-axis may be slightly smaller than that along the b-axis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (893K) -
第1報 擬塑性流体の押出しについて清水 二郎, 浜野 久, 石川 章一1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 466-476
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWith regards to the extrusion theories about high polymer solution, the characteristics of high polymer solution in extruders has been generally treated as the non-Newtonian fluide.
However, when the flow properties of polymer solution, viscosity and pressure distribution in extruder are known, it is possible to introduce the Newtonian theory to analyse the behavior of polymer flow.
Then, in order to calculate the viscosities by the eq (5), the relation between the drag flow and pressure gradient in the extruder can be measured by means of closing the out-let (exit end) of extruder, and from the formula (7), the viscosity values of polymer solutions at thevarious screw rotations (various shear rates) may be calculated, whose results are as shown in Fig (9).
These viscosity values and the pressure gradients measured by the experimental pressure gauge, shown in Fig (3), are introduced to the general metering screw, Fig (4) B, C. From the formula (8) the extrusion rates in the case of using the general metering screw are calculated and the results are shown in Tables 3, and 4, and Fig (13).
As the next step, in order to measure the structural viscosity index of high polymer, the rotaryvisco-meter was deviced and the structural viscosity index, (n=1.55) )was obtained.
By using this structural viscosisy index (n=1.55), the extrusion out-put is calculated in the case of the general non-Newtonian theory (power law), and its results are shown in Fig (16), in comparison with two theoretical values and experimental value.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1341K) -
第1報 乾熱による脆化作用について桑原 昂1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 477-483
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe samples of silk fibroin were heated for different hours (2-8 hours) and different temperatures (100-160°C) in the air at the unloaded or loaded states, and then the observation was made mainly on the change of surface structure with the electron microscope and on the variation of its physical properties accompanying the dry thermal process.
The development of flattening, upheaving, thin layers and porosity were observed with the rise of temperature under dry heat treatment, suggesting the contraction and destruction due to decomposition.
The change of physical properties showed that a gradual destruction is caused at 120-140°C and the destruction is more significant in unloaded than in loaded areas.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2778K) -
第2報 温熱による脆化作用について桑原 昂1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 484-489
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the changes in the surface structure and properties of wet heat-treated samples (100_??_140°C, 2_??_8 hours in the unloaded or loaded stated) were investigated.
The development of partially degraded grooves, thin film layers and circular state of particles due to creeping phenomena was observed after wet heat treatment, and the courses of swelling, contraction and destruction due to decomposition were distinguished.
In this case the change of physical properties showes that the destruction is generally more significant than under dry heat treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1933K) -
Gabriel Wlodarski, Wojciech Kozlowski, Stefania Siewierska1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 490-496
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA method of infra-red spectroscopy and deuterium exchange were used to investigate the inaccessible phase in viscose fibres of standard, polynosic and cord type, taking an advantage of the resistance of this phase to different NaOD concentrations.
It has been found that the function ε=f(CNaOD) is characteristic for appropriate crystalline structure in celluloses regenerated from viscose. The observed differences of the function are particularly prominent for various types of viscose fibres, being also measurable within the same type of fibres. The presented observations are in good agreement with generally accepted X-ray diffraction data.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (383K) -
第1報 ローラ・カードのプロセス特性赤見 仁, 西川 茂, 川上 達也1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 497-504
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper deals with a servo-system and the process characteristics of the carding process of which schematic diagram is drawn in fig. 1.
Stability of Electro-hydraulic servo-system used in the control system is checked by inditial and frequency responses, which has damping ratio, ζ=1.01, and is considered to be stable, although a dead time, L=0.022 (sec) is found.
On a Roller-Carding Engine, the fleece suplied with weight variations is moved under some actions of evenning of its weight variation, to the point where fiber is stocked for transportation to doffer.
Carded sliver weight is decided by the total fiber transfered per unit time and doffer surface speed, so the output sliver is considered to be a function of fiber stocks' transfering ratio. The output sliver was calculated by the ratio theoretically as a general term of infinite sequence of doffer turning number and fleece weight.
When doffer rpm is changed to control, the process characteristics seems to be given by the unevenness of sliver state of fiber stocks' transfering at the point between doffer and cylinder, where they contact with each other.
A Transfer function of this process is calculated from the sequence and examined experimentally.
The Transfer function of this process Gp(s) is where T and L are non-linear and may depend on doffer surface speed.
Its approximation can be experimentally given where R is doffer rpm.
Inditial response curves from calculation are shown qualitatively and examined by experimental results.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2493K) -
第6報 毛羽長さ分布とビリング・テンデンシー辻本 石雄, 元治 信雄1967 年 23 巻 10 号 p. 505-508
発行日: 1967/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the evalution of the pilling tendency is performed with an attempt to conjecture from the frequency distribution of fuzz length.
The confidence intervals for the mean values of the number and the length of fibers forming pills are caluculated from the statistical analysis by using the data obtained in a previous paper. On the basis of these confidence intervals, the other intervals, in which the number and the length of fibers forming pills are easily to found occur, are estimated from the confidence limits. Here, these estimated intervals are denoted by the symbol Na for the number of fibers and La for the length.
Furthermore, a rectangle region formed by using the intervals Na and La, is defined as the region Mp. This region Mp may be considered as the region containning the information of the number and the length of fuzz where the pills are easily formed. Therefor, the region Mp is compared with the length-frequency curves of fuzz measured at various rubbing times.
The results obtained are as follows:
(1) The values of M1, and M2, with which the ease of pilling occurrence may be estimated can be defined.
(2) The fuzz occures at an early stage is apt to form the pilling.
(3) For the purpose of the prevention of pill formations, the shearing treatments of fuzz are necesary twice at least.
(4) The external form and the size of the pills also may be conjectured from the region Mp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1086K)
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