巻号一覧
23 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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(II)延伸膜の構造との関係黒川 昌孝, 小西 孝, 阪野 元, 近藤 宗夫1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. 95-101
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen a drawn polyethylene film is redrawn obliquely to the direction of original drawing, its deformation mechanism varies with the structure of original drawn film which is dependent upon the direction of original drawing of the film with a-axis orientation.
Clear deformation bands are formed when the film which is originally drawn parallel to the machine direction and whose (100) planes are nearly parallel to the plane of the film, is redrawn obliquely at room temperatnre. But as the temperature of redrawing is raised above 70°C, clear deformation bands can not be formed in the film redrawn obliquely and are formed in the film redrawn nearly perpendicular to the direction of original drawing. These kink bands have the kink angles of 40_??_60 degrees and are different from ones formed in the film redrawn obliquely at room temperature.
Also deformation bands are not formed in the films originally drawn perpendicular to the machine direction when they are obliquely redrawn. There are remarkable differences in load-elongation curves and values of birefringence of redrawn regions between these two types of deformation that is deformation accompanied by the formation of kink band and that without clear kink band when the drawn films are redrawn obliquely.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2714K) -
第3報 単斜晶結晶,急冷結晶(擬六方晶)および非結晶3相混在系での延伸にともなう結晶相の配向評価法について高原 弘和, 河合 弘迪, 山田 哲三1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. 102-113
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA procedure for orientation evaluation of monoclinic and quenched crystals in semi-annealed isotactic polypropylene, which is composed of monoclinic and quenched crystalline and amorphous phases, from the x-ray diffractoin has been proposed.
X-ray diffraction diagrams of annealed, quenched and semiannealed specimens of five kinds of isotactic polypropylene, before and after drawing, were examined. The intensity distribution of x-ray diffraction after several correction was separated into two components, amorphous and crystalline contributions by means of a modified Natta's method. The crystalline contribution of semi-annealed specimen between 2θ=12.5 and 20.0° usually consists of the contributions from (110), (040) and (130) planes of monoclinic crystal and (hko) plane of quenched crystal. Thus, the crystalline contribution between 2θ=12.5 and 20.0° was further separated into four individual peaks from (110), (hko), (040) and (130) planes by means of a proposed method.
From the azimuthal intensity distributions of (110), (040) and (hko) planes, thus separated, the orientation factors of b-and c-axes of monoclinic crystal and c-axis of quenched crystal can be evaluated by ordinary method, respectively. Orientation factor of a′-axis, newly chosen direction instead of a-axis so as to make an orthogonal relationship between a′-, b- and c-axes, can also be evaluated from the orthogonal relationship.
The changes of the orientation factors of a′-, b- and c-axes of monoclinic crystal and c-axis of quenched crystal during cold-drawing of semi-annealed specimens were studied. Both crystal c-axes showed positive orientation with respect to the stretching axis, while a′- and b-axes of monoclinic crystal showed negative orientation except for slightly positive orientation of a′-axis at relatively lower %-elongations than 50% beyond which the orientation of a′-axis proceeded rapidly and coincided with that of b-axis at beyond 100%.
The orientation behavior of a′- and b-axes within 50%-elongation resembles to that of b- and a-axes of polyethylene crystal, during the stretching which has been explained succesively in terms of the deformation of spherulite structure, and suggests the existence of the same deformation mechanism of spherulite but having a-axis grown lamellae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (663K) -
黒崎 新也, 近田 富士雄, 高橋 美江1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. 114-119
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーOn the woollen ring frame, the drafting has been controlled by the false twist which is inserted with the frictional force between metal false twister and condensed slubbing. This control method, however, has low efficiency for twisting and also has some mechanical defects.
In this paper, some problems of air false twister tube which provides brief mechanism for the control of drafting are discussed.
A tester has been designed to examine some merits of the air false twister tube. (Fig. 1_??_3)
The results obtained are as follows:
1. The relation betwen air pressure and twist turns is shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 8. The twist turns increase with air pressure. About twist insertion, high air pressure has similar effect to high revolution of the metal tube.
2. The relation between draft ratio and false turns is investigated, the twist insertion under constant air pressure decreases with draft ratio. (Fig. 5, Fig. 6)
3. The variation of twist turns with the air tube diameter and length is experimented. Each curve of Fig. 10, 11 and 12 has a maximum value which is decided by sliver counts.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (408K) -
黒崎 新也, 近田 富士雄, 岡村 政明1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. 120-124
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the preceding paper (I), the ability of air twister tube as a substitute for usual twister tube of woollen ring spinning frame was studied.
The effects of draft ratio, air pressure and tube dimension on false turns were experimented.
The same testing apparatus as in the preceding paper was used in this experiment. The relation between irregularity of sliver and drafting condition-tube position, ratch, thread angle, etc-was investigated. The experimental results suggest the capability of the high drafting of condensed slubbing.
The results obtained are as follows.
1. The irregularity of slubbing drafted by using air twister tube has the same order as usual false twister. (Figs. 3, 4) These results substantiate the possibility of air twister.
2. The tube setting should be decided by fiber length of the condensed slubbing. Each curve of Figs. 5 and 6 has a minimum value at the point of the longest fiber. Getting the ratch short, the irregularity is slightly reformed, and so, the long ratch as the woollen mule spinning is not necessarily reasonable. (Fig. 7)
3. Applying air false twister, drafting with 2_??_3 zone is able to draft higher the woollen slubbing than usual single zone. In this case, the draft ratio of each zone should be limited within the range of CVa/CVb<1.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (318K) -
I.乾熱処理による染色マイラーから未染色マイラーへの分散染料の拡散清水 融, 前川 正雄, 京盛 美之1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. 125-132
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the study of the thermosol process, the mechanism of dye fixation in the fibre with dry-heat treatment was investigated.
An undyed multi-layer Mylar (Du pont, polyester film) brought into contact with a dyed Mylar was treated in the dry-heat oven, and the number of diffusion layers (number of Mylars into which dye diffused) was counted.
The diffusion coefficient of dyes could not be calculated from this experimental data, since the results were hardly consistent with the theoretical equation of diffusion for such a model. It has been found, however, that the number of diffusion layers “l” may be available as a measure of the diffusibility of dyes.
The l-value of 14 disperse dyes determined at 180°C and for 10 min. were related with the molar surface area of dyes “A” and with the apparent diffusion coefficient “D”, which was obtained by the dyeing from aqueous solution. And it was found that l was proportional to 1/A and to √D.
It was observed that, if an air space was set between the dyed and the undyed Mylar, the dye could be diffused from the former to the latter through the air layer. From this fact, it is considered that in the thermosol process, the sublimation of dye which adheres mechanically on the surface of fabrics by padding occures during the dry-heat treatment, subsequently adsorption on the surface of fibre, diffusion into the fibre, and then the fixation in it takes place.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (537K) -
第2報 水の不透過限界多孔度値の推定佐貫 治夫, 安藤 克彦, 加来 俊高1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. 133-137
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe previous report dealt with the results of experiment on the wetting behaviors of non-treated fiber assemblies under various hydrostatic pressures. It was found that the water-resisting effects are dependent on the types of fibers, the porosity of the assemblies, and impressed hydrostatic pressures, and, furthermore, that the smaller the porosity of assembly, the lower the rate of downward flow of water, irrespective of types of fibers. The flow of water was completely impeded at a critical porosity.
In the present paper the authors discuss the critical porosity of fiber assembly (PO-L) assuming the simplified model of the structure. This model assembly is assumed to have a structure in which the axis of fibers is so arranged in parallel and homogeneously that there exists inter-fiber capillary space of radius r. Then the water tension F on the wall of capillary space and hydrostatic pressure on the assemblies Wp, may be expressed as;
where T and ρ are surface tension and density of water, h the height of water-column, θ contact angle, and g acceleration of gravity. The porosity of the assembly may be expressed as;
where rf is radius of constituent fibers.
In the case of 0°_??_θ_??_90°, balance of F and Wp is impossible and water does not permeate at r=0, so PO-L is 0%. In the case of 90°<θ_??_180°, if F+Wp=0 vix. r=-2 T/pgh•cosθ is held, water will not permeate and then the following relation is obtained.
According to this relation, PO-L was calculated as function of contact angle and water pressure on nine samples of fiber assemblies and the results are tabulated. When any fiber assembly was finished by any water-proofing agent, the porosity at which the assembly becomes water-imperm eable can be approximately estimated from this Table, provided that the values of contact angle between the fiber and water are known. On the other hand, the contact angle will be obtained if the value of PO-L is known.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (336K) -
第5報 アクリル系繊維集合体の場合(II)佐貫 治夫, 石藤 孝雄1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. 138-142
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe authors reported on the characteristics of wetting by capillarity of the assemblies of six types of acrylic fibers (in IV of this series). In this article, comparison is made between the wetting characteristics of the web under hydrostatic pressure and that of web immersed in water. Samples and their purification method are the same as decribed in the previous report (IV).
In the experiment under the hydrostatic pressure the rate of the movement of water front downward through the assemblies and the rate of flow of water (volume per unit time) after the water front had reached the bottom of the assemblies were observed. Porosity of the assemblies was 75% and the hydrostatic pressures were 15, 40 and 65g•wt/cm2. The time required for passage of water through the assemblies of ordinary acrylics was very short and the large quantities of water flowed down per unit time from the bottom of the assemblies. On the contrary, in the case of modacrylic fiber both quantities were exceedingly small under low hydrostatic pressure. In the experiment of steeping method the relationship between the apparent density of sample (Dap) and the elapsed time (TS) were obtained by means of apparatus described in the previous paper (III). The dependency of the retained air index (Va/Vc), of the assemblies on the elapsed time could also be obtained from these data. The assemblies of ordinary acrylics were penetrated by water rapidly and almost perfectly. But the volume of distilled water penetrated into the assembly of modacrylic fiber was exceedingly small. It was pointed out that the wettability of assembly of modacrylic fiber is smaller than that of polyester抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (361K) -
小川 安朗1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. S61-S68
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (3712K) -
小出 宏1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. S69-S81
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
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岩崎 振一郎1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. S82-S85
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
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船津 忠1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. S86-S89
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
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久世 栄一1967 年 23 巻 3 号 p. S90-S97
発行日: 1967/03/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (746K)
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