巻号一覧
33 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T324
発行日: 1977年
公開日: 2008/11/28
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大塚 保治1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. P215-P221
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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大串 浩1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. P222-P225
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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須加井 潔1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. P226-P230
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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松田 雄次郎1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. P231-P235
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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中山 暢三, 上出 健二, 真鍋 征一, 原 正勝1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T281-T291
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of disclosing the correlationships between fine structures in amorphous region of unstretched and stretched nylon 66 film and its moisture regain M, the dynamic viscoelasticities (isothermally and isochronically) and linear and volume expansion were measured. For nylon 66 unstretched films the following results were obtained: (1) In the range O≤M≤5.5%, as M increased, the magnitude of tanδ, in the temperature range lower than its peak temperature Tmax in tanδ-temperature curve, increased abruptly, resulting in a broadening tanδ-curve. This broadening effect was evidently observed even for the samples having M=0.25%, (2) In the above-mentioned region of M, both the heterogeneity index nt, and elastic modulus fraction fe of amorphous region, determined according to the theory of Manabe-Kamide-Nakayama by analyzing tanδ-temperature curve, increased gradually with M. (3) In the range M>5.5%, tanδ-temperature curve, shifted remarkably and became sharp with increasing M and concurrently, fe increased gradually, but nt, decreased slightly. (4) In the whole range investigated, 0≤M≤12.2%, temperature-moisture regain-time-correspondence rule was not applicable. For stretched film, with M=3%, in the temperature range 20_??_65°C, dynamic modulus E′ parallel to the stretching direction (E_??_) was always larger than that perpendicular to the stretching direction (E_??_) and the similar relation of tanδ_??_>tanδ was obtained. These relations were reversed above 65°C. From the above experimental facts and the measurements on expansion due to water absorption, the followings are concluded: (1) Even at M=0.25%. water molecules were not only adsorbed as the surface water, but also absorbed in inner amorphous region. (2) Water molecules, at first, penetrated into molecular-loosely packed portion in amorphous region and water was not absorbed uniformly in amorphous region, but existed preferentially in molecular-loosely packed portion. (3) By the action of water absorbed in polymer sample, the fine structure changed. (4) In the stretched film, the molecular-closely packed portion had a tendency to be in parallel to the stretching direction and the molecular-loosely-packed portion to be perpendicular to the stretching direction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (778K) -
清造 剛, 藤原 暁1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T291-T295
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe following samples of nylon 6 were prepared. Dyed film (DF); hot-pressed film was dyed at 100°C or 80°C with disperse dye (1, 4-diamino anthraquinone). Heat-treated film (HF); DF was heat-treated at 150°C for 5 hr. Melt-treated film (MF); DF was fused and quenched. The dye desorption in water at 70_??_100°C for above samples was measured, and compared with the dye absorption for the control sample treated by the same condition without dyestuff.
The crystallinity of DF and HF are nearly same to that of their control samples, but the crystallinity from density method of MF is fairly higher than that of its control sample. The estimated non-desorbed residual dye content is zero for the sample dyed at 80°C and desorbed at 100°C, while that of the other samples increases in the order of DF<MF<HF, and increases with decreasing the desorption temperature. Diffusion constant decreases in the order of DF>MF>HF, and does not depend on the temperature of dyeing. Diffusion constant of the dye absorption is larger than that of the dye desorption especially for the heat-treated samples.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (355K) -
青谷 寛, 安食 宏俊1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T296-T301
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーUnexplained phenomena of spinning and drawing properties of acrylic fiber by wet spinning can be explained by analyzing freely extruded velocity Vf regarded as a principal factor under the consideration of Barus effect of spinning solution.
(1) Actual draft V1/Vf called filament attenuation in the coagulation bath corresponds to the orientation of coagulated undrawn filament.
Vf is represented by a function of flow rate per hole Q and radius of spinnerette R.
(2) Drawing property is closely related to V1/Vf which corresponds to orientation of undrawn filament, and the lower V1/Vf results in the higher maximum draw ratio V2m/V1, which can also be seen as a function of Q, R and take-up speed of coagulated filament V1
(3) Speeding up of spinning results in decline of drawing property due to the fall of V1/Vf caused by increased shear rate of dope solution in the spinnerette.
As the result of speeding-up, tension against filament in the coagulation bath increased slightly but little in drawing bath.
(4) The difference of drawing property between sample A prepared in conventional way and sample B by anti-pilling condition is not brought by that of V1/Vf, but by those of the degree of contribution of V1/Vf to it and of molecular mobility affected by polymer composition.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (333K) -
後藤 共子, 長野 正満1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T302-T306
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe melt spinning of gold by use of spinability of pyrex glass is investigated. Although the specific density of gold is so high that the spinning operation is difficult compared with copper, the spinnink is successfully conducted at various winding speeds. The diameter of the filament decreases slightly with the increasing speed of winding. The tensile strength and elongation of the filament spun at a winding speed of 477m/min decreases remarkably.
The tensile strength and fiber texture of the filament spun at various winding speeds ranging from 57m/min to 335m/min are studied. The size effect on the strength of the filament is shown_??_ the tensile strength increases as the diameter decreases, for example, the filament of 3.5 μ diameter has a tensile strength of 29kg/mm2.
Double [<111>+<100>] fiber textures are observed for the filament and the volume fraction of <111> component increases with increasing speed of winding.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1984K) -
坂本 宗仙, 佐藤 康正, 梶山 孝一1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T307-T313
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWool fabrics were partially reduced with thioglycolic acid (TGA) in the aqueous solution of NaCl of different concentration followed by S-cyanoethylation with acrylonitrile (AN) under the conditions sufficient for the complete S-cyanoethylation of cysteine residues in reduced wool. The gas-liquid chromatographic amino acid analysis of the reduced and cyanoethylated wool fabrics indicated that the extent of the reduction with TGA decreased remarkably with increase in the concentration of NaCl of the reducing bath. Thus, the reduction with 0.5M TGA at 40°C for 30 min yielded 154μ moles/g of S-cyanoethylcysteine residues, while the reduction with 0.5M TGA in the saturated aqueous solution of NaCl at the same temperature for the same duration yielded only 34μ moles/g, both after the treatment with AN. The MIR infrared spectra of the sample A (prepared by partial reduction in the saturated aqueous solution of NaCl followed by the treatment with AN) and the sample B (prepared by complete reduction with tri-n-butylphosphine followed by the treatment with AN) showed the v C≡N absorption peak of about the same absorbance, suggesting that the surface layer of wool fibers was preferentially reduced in the saturated aqueous solution of NaCl. Abrasion resistance and hand of the fabrics were unchanged by reduction in the saturated aqueous solution of NaCl and the treatment with AN. The sample A did not exhibit the expected antifelting property. The sample B exhibited decreased felting shrinkage, however, with much decreased abrasion resistance. Yellowing took place during reduction and the treatment with AN. The yellowed fabrics were bleached by irradiation (carbon arc) for 10 h.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (483K) -
南後 守, 片山 明, 黒木 宣彦1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T314-T317
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThere are some controversies about the nature of urea aqueous solutions, which is important because of their well-known effects like hydrotropic agent and protein denaturation. The present work reports the OH proton chemical shift of ethyleneglycol and the solubility of biphenyl in ureas- ethyleneglycol solutions to examine the behavior of ureas in ethyleneglycol concerning that in water. The ureas are urea, monomethylurea (MU), N, N′-dimethylurea (DMU) and tetramethylurea (TMU).
The OH proton chemical shift of ethyleneglycol showed a downfield shift in the presence of urea and an upfield shift in the presence of TMU. This indicates that urea works as a structure maker in ethyleneglycol and TMU as a structure breaker.
The solubility of biphenyl in ethyleneglycol from 10 to 40°C at 10°C intervals decreased in the presence of urea and increased in the presence of MU, DMU and TMU (TMU_??_DMU>MU). Thermodynamic data showed that urea works as a structure maker in ethyleneglycol and MU, DMU, and TMU as a structure breaker.
These results show that urea has the property of a structure maker in the solution which has a less regular structure like ethyleneglycol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (287K) -
酸性染料-ポリアミド瀬口 和義, 樫野 照子1977 年 33 巻 7 号 p. T318-T322
発行日: 1977/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーEquilibrium uptakes of Orange II on nylon-6 from MeOH-TRI, EtOH-TRI, and EtOH-PCE solutions were determined at 50°C in acidic and non-acidic conditions. Acids used were six organic monocarboxylic acids. In non-acidic conditions, the dye uptake remarkably increased as the concentration of alcohol decreased. However, in acidic conditions, a remarkably increasing dye uptake at higher concentration of alcohol was observed, and at lower concentration of alcohol little effect on the dye uptake was seen. In addition, a minimum of the dye uptake was cleanly observed when the solvent composition was continuously changed. These results were interpreted in terms of changes of dyeing mechanism due to polarity of the solvent; that is, ionic interaction makes a predominant role in higher polarity of the solvent, and dipole interaction does in lower polarity of the solvent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (324K)
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