巻号一覧
19 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1～11を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
大野 林蔵, 前田 裕志, 藤原 新吾, 石本 厚男1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 428-434
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn acid degradation, the rates of attack on amorphous and crystalline regions in cellulose are different, and main chain fractures are restricted almost to amorphous region up to certain stage of degradation. On the other hand, when degradation is due to high-energy radiation, for example γ-ray, no such difference occurs, crystalline and amorphous regions being equally liable to main chain fracture.
Regenerated cellulose fibers (viscose tire yarn) are hydrolysed by 1N hydrochloric acid at 50±1°C and γ-irradiated in the field of 5.9×104r/hr by Co60 as the radiation source. Comparison of the tensile strength of these samples makes it possible to clarify the effect of amorphous and crystalline region on tensile strength of fibrous materials. Two samples acid hydrolyzed and γ irradiated having the same degree of polymerization, crystallinity, crystallite size and orientation, show different tensile strength both in conditioned and wet state, and the same tensile strength in 2% NaOH aqueous solution which acts as an intra-micellar swelling agent on cellulose. The results indicate that tensile strength is determined by the number of molecular chain ends in amorphous region only and not by that in crystalline region, provided that other factors are the same.
In addition, tensile strength measurements are made with samples which are transformed from cellulose II to cellulose IV crystalline modification by heat treatment in pure glycerol. No difference in tensile strength is found between cellulose II and cellulose IV fibers having same number of molecular chain ends in amorphous region.
Several other aspects are discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (473K) -
第3報 伸長疲労と圧縮疲労の内部構造におよぼす影響大野 林蔵, 前田 裕志, 藤原 新吾1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 435-441
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーRayon tire cords have been fatigued under repeated elongation or compression. The fatigue-mechanisms are investigated by mechanical tests, X-ray and some other experimental methods. In elongation fatigue, the variations of fine structure may occur chiefly in amorphous region. The molecular chain orientation in amorphous region increases under repeated elongation, but crystallinity and size of crystallite are scarcely varied. The ruptures of filaments are presumed to occur after the molecular chains in them have been sufficiently arranged. In compression fatigue, however, collapse and distortion of crystallite seem to occur. It is observed under optical microscope that filaments fiatgued under repeated compression have split longitudinally. This phenomenon is connected with fatigue mechanism by repeated compression.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1554K) -
第5報 酸加水分解残渣の蒸留水中での沈降速度の差による分別沈殿 第6報 ミセルサイズ分布推定法西村 博, 中尾 統一, 右田 伸彦1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 442-452
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (801K) -
第1報 紡糸原液の性質神谷 卓郎, 広川 完二1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 453-458
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe following are the results of experiments on the viscosity of the spinning solutions.
(1) Concentration of flakes vs. viscosity of the spinning solution. where η: viscosity (poise); C: concentration (%); a, b: constant
(2) Temperature vs. viscosity of the spinning solution where η: viscosity (poise); t: temperature (°C); c, d: constant
(3) Composition of the solvent vs. viscosity of the spinning solution
In the case of acetone-methanol mixtures, the minimum viscosity was obtained at 15% methanol content.
In the case of acetone-water mixtures, the minimum viscosity was obtained at 10% water content.
(4) Degree of polymerization of flakes vs. viscosity of the spinning solution.
The approximate formula is given in the following quadratic equation where η: viscosity (poise); D. P.: degree of polymerization抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (387K) -
第2報 紡糸原液成分と糸質神谷 卓郎, 広川 完二, 今田 稔穂1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 458-464,453
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the case of industrial production, the following factors in the composition of the spinning solution have great effects on the quality and the spinnability of the fiber.
Concentration of flakes.
Composition of the solvents.
Degree of polymerization of the flakes.
The investigation has been concentrated on the above subjects. And it is concluded that the following conditions were adequate.
Concentration of flakes: more than 25%.
Composition of the solvents: acetone-methanol mixture, methanol content 5-13.5%.
Degree of polymerization of the flakes: 200-210.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (536K) -
斎藤 正雄, 笠井 忠夫1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 465-471
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA new pretreating process for acetylating rayon in fibrous form was developed. This process comprises three steps, as shown below.
At the lst step rayon is steeped in concentrated potassium acetate aqueous solution and squeezed at the 2nd step the impregnated rayon is completely dried at about 80°C for 2 hrs.: and at the 3rd and last step the dried rayon is washed with acetic acid at room temperature for 2hr. and then lightly squeezed.
The rayon that has passed through this process has a high acetic acid swelling, and at the same time is greatly activated toward acetylation without any loss of strength. Although potassium or sodium salts of weak organic acids, potassium or sodium hydroxide, amines, etc. can be used as impregnant, potassium acetate is thought to be the best.
Reactivity of rayons depends on their acetic acid swelling as well as on kinds of rayon. The more a kind of rayon increases in its acetic acid swelling, the more active the rayon gets toward acetylation, while another kind of rayon often shows a greater reactivity at the same acetic acid swelling than the former. Some of polynosic fibers, which were thought to be less accessible than high tenacity rayon, show a greater acetylation rate than the latter. Heat-treated high tenactiy rayon has the lowest rate of all rayons tested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (505K) -
第3報 尿素,リン酸による可溶性リン酸セルロースの製造勝浦 嘉久次, 水野 敏雄, 木本 久司, 伊藤 純也1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 472-476
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーEffects of cellulose crystallinity on the preparation of water or N-NaOH soluble cellulose phosphate were studied. First it was confirmed that soluble Na cellulose phosphate could be obtained when the noncrystalline cellulose is used as raw material. Then, four kinds of low crystalline cellulose were prepared, and the phosphorylation under nearly the same condition was made. It was found that some portions of the product were soluble in N-NaOH, and in all the case the soluble portions showed a higher degree of esterification than the insoluble parts. Crystallinity of the soluble parts were ca. 40% for all the samples, regardless of the crystallinity of the original cellulose used, and from these results it became clear that this reaction advances not only in the amorphous region, but in the crystalline region, though the rate is very slow. From the result shown in a figure of percentage of soluble parts versus the degree of cellulose crystallinity, it would be expected under the condition employed that the cellulose having less than 20% of crystallinity will result in completely soluble cellulose phosphate, and the cellulose with more than 50% crystallinity, completely insoluble one.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1144K) -
第5報 CaおよびAlイオンによる不溶化について山田 節三, 小島 弘1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 477-479
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper1), we had seen that some physical properties of spun rayon fabric had been improved in which monomeric acrylic acid was polymerized in situ and then treated with Al-acetate solution to make them insoluble.
The present paper discusses the optimum condition to insolubilise polyacrylic acid by Al-acetate and Ca-acetate, first with polymer coated fabric, and then confirmed by polymerizing in situ fabric.
The following results were obtained:
1. For insolubilisation of polyacrylic acid on the fabric, the following conditions are sufficient; treating temp. 30°C, time 1hr, conc. 0.1mol/1 by Ca (CH3COO)2, and 0.05mol/l by Al (CH3COO)3.
2. The conditions of insolubilisation of polyacrylic acid on coated fabric and polymerized in situ fabric are similar in both cases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (227K) -
久保田 稔, 石塚 修1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 480-484
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose to improve the dyeing properties of polypropylene fiber, graft-copolymerization of methylmethacrylate onto the fiber was studied.
Polypropylene fiber was pre-treated in benzene solution of benzoyl peroxide, and then graftcopolymerization of methylmethacrylate initiated with benzoyl peroxide was carried out.
Polypropylene fiber grafted by such a method can be dyed in deep color with disperse dyes, and their color fastness for light, washing and perspiration are excellent.
Mechanical properties of so treated polypropylene fiber was examined, and tenacity, elongation, Young's modulus, location of dye-molecules in fiber etc. are given in tables and figures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1150K) -
加藤 嵩一1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 485-487
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1856K) -
石塚 修1963 年 19 巻 6 号 p. 488-492
発行日: 1963/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (884K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|