巻号一覧
55 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
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Koji Nakane, Koji Takahashi, Fumio Suzuki, Youichi Kurokawa1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 563-568
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWe prepared a new composite gel fiber by the gel formation of cellulose acetate (CA) and zirconium butoxide. Gel formation must be due to the coordination of ZrO2 to OH and CO groups on CA. Urease was entrap-immobilized on the fiber. The immobilization was easily performed under the mild conditions. The pH and thermal stabilities of immobilized urease were higher than those of the native one. The Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) were estimated from Hofstee plots for both native and immobilized urease. The Km of immobilized urease was larger than that of native urease, whereas the opposite tendency was observed for the Vmax. The Km for the immobilized urease became higher with increasing the fiber diameter. It indicates that the hydrolysis of urea occurs in the neighborhood of the fiber surface. Also, the immobilized urease gave a fairly stable property at 37°C for period up to 50 days.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (371K) -
Nobuyoshi Aoki, Kounosuke Tanaka, Munenori Sakamoto, Ken-ichi Furuhata1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 569-575
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーBead cellulose samples with amidoximated polyacrylonitrile grafts were examined as sorbents for metal ions. The amount of the ion sorbed from 40mM solution in a fixed period increased in the order Cd (II), Zn (II)<Pb (II)<Cu (II)_??_Ag (I). The treatment of bead samples with NaOH solutions caused the swelling, and both the amount of the metal ion sorbed and the sorption rate increased considerably after the NaOH treatment. More than 90% of metal ions sorbed by the beads were desorbed in 0.5M H2SO4. The sorption-desorption-NaOH treatment cycle could be repeated without significant reduction in the extent of sorption.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (492K) -
Namiko Miyata1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 576-583
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーKenaf plants, which are annuals, grow rapidly, and have recently been spotlighted as new materials for paper making that will replace wood pulps from an environmental viewpoint. In order to enlarge the application of kenaf plants, oil sorbents were prepared from three kinds of kenaf (Qingpi No.3, Zhejiang No.1 and Everglades 41) which were cultivated in Fukuoka (latitude: 33°35′ N, longitude 130°23′ E, altitude: 2.5m) in 1998, and their sorbency of waste food oil was investigated.
With regard to the defibrated fibers and holocellulose sorbents of kenaf and heated kenaf, the oil sorbency (12-33g/g) of the sorbents from kenaf bast fibers was greater than that (8-30g/g) of the sorbents from kenaf core fibers and the order of oil sorbency was Qingpi No.3>Everglades 41>Zhejiang No.1.
The most efficient oil sorbents prepared from the kenaf plants in this study were the defibrated kenaf bast and core fibers heated at 300-350°C for 5 minutes on the ground with yields of 95-78% and 95-62%, respectively, and about a 25g/g oil sorbency, respectively. Furthermore, their oil sorbency and yield were greater than those (20g/g, 40-55%) of commercial sorbents made of cellulose pulps obtained from wood.
The changes in the specific surface area and the functional groups of the heated kenaf, derived from the partial pyrolysis of the hemicellulose and cellulose of the kenaf fibers, were assumed to have contributed to their capacity to sorb waste food oil.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1679K) -
Kunihiro Hamada, Ken-ichi Oshiki, Hirofusa Shirai1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 584-589
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDerivatives of disodium 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-3, 6-naphthalenedisulfonate, some of which contain a trifluoromethyl or methyl group, were prepared and their sorption behavior by a nylon 6 film at pH3 was investigated. The dye uptake by the nylon 6 film increased linearly with sorption time. The slopes of the linear plots varied depending on the dye structure: the kind and number of the substituents in the dyes affected the slopes. The analysis of the sorption isotherms based on a dual sorption mechanism, which consists of partition and Langmuir type sorption, gave the partition coefficients (KP) and the number of binding sites (n) and intrinsic binding constants (KL) for the Langmuir type sorption. The introduction of the trifluoromethyl or methyl group into the dye molecules hardly influenced KP and n, while it changed the KL values significantly. Furthermore, thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy change and entropy change, for the Langmuir type sorption were greatly affected by the replacement of the substituents, suggesting that the hydrophobic interaction should be concerned with the Langmuir type sorption.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (366K) -
Shigenobu Yamanaka, Mituru Mimura, Hiroshi Urakawa, Kanji Kajiwara, Ma ...1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 590-596
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) xyloglucan consists of a (1→4)-β-D-glucan spine (cellulose spine) with (1→6)-α-branched xylose, which is partially substituted by (1→2) -β-galacto-xylose. Thus TSP xyloglucan yields three types of monomer units (heptasaccharide DP7, octasaccharide DP8 and nonasaccharide DP9 where DPdenotes the number of residues), which differs in the number of galactose side chains. Three types of monomers were prepared and their conformation in water was elucidated in detail by means of small-angle X-ray scattering and molecular dynamics. Dimers, trimers and tetramers (constituted of a mixture of arbitrary combinations of three types of monomers) were also prepared and their conformation was analyzed from the results of small-angle X-ray scattering. The results confirm the thin ribbon-like structure of xyloglucan oligomers. The conformation of xylose and galacto-xylose branches was also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (512K) -
Tae-Soo Choi, Hiroshi Ichikawa, Jiahe Qian, Yoshio Shimizu, Hirofusa S ...1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 597-603
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe mobility of nonionic spin probes in gemini surfactant (alkanediyl-α, ω-bis (dimethyldodecylammonium bromide)) micelles was investigated by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements to compare with that of conventional surfactant (dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and ethyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide) micelles. The rotational correlation times, τR, of nitroxide spin probes in aqueous surfactant solutions were calculated from ESR spectra and plotted against the surfactant concentrations. As a result, τR abruptly increased in a concentration region, which is believed to correspond with critical micelle concentration (CMC). CMC's determined by means of the spin probe technique were almost the same as those estimated by the electrical conductance measurements. For the conventional surfactants, the τR values became constant below and above CMC, whereas for one of the gemini surfactants they continued to increase above CMC. Furthermore, activation energies for rotation, EaR, were determined from the temperature dependence of τR. EaR was dependent on the kind of the surfactants, suggesting that the mobility of the spin probes changes significantly with micelle structure. Thus the mobility of the spin probes reflects the discrepancy in the microenvironments between the gemini and conventional surfactant micelles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (469K) -
Ken'ichi Ohta, Toshihiko Tanaka, Fujio Miyawaki1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 604-608
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThere are subtle variations of density values on textile surface images. It is difficult to correctly analyze the subtle differences without human subjective evaluation. But the textile surfaces generally have a kind of periodicity. So it was supposed that irregular parts of frequency components on the textile surfaces are related with the visual features of the textiles. So in order to extract the irregular parts, the wavelet transform method that can be obtained local information was introduced. In this research, we proposed the method of objective evaluation of visual “cool feel” of textile designs using the wavelet transform. First, the warp and weft yarn's cycles in the textile images were investigated by applying the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to their images. Second, “mother wavelet” functions were constructed by using these cycles, and the wavelet transform with the “mother wavelet” functions was applied to the original images. Third, the wavelet-transformed images were converted into binary images and obtained information was regarded as the objective evaluation scale. Finally, the validity as one method of objective evaluation is confirmed by investigating correlation with subjective evaluation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1838K) -
Ken'ichi Ohta, Hidefumi Nakagawa, Fujio Miyawaki1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 609-612
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSome past computer simulations for evaluating visual impression on textile design had used colors of yarn and textile surface structures as their important parameters. However, because textiles are woven with several kinds of yarn, diverse materials have own visual features. Therefore, a method for textile simulation based on each material is required to evaluate impressions more exactly. In this research, virtual images of yarns based on diverse visual features are created like “as is” on a computer, This research provides a method for extracting the visual features of yarn supun out of natural materials (i. e., cotton, ramie, and etc.) by using fractal geometry. A method for reconstructing visual feature of yarn by using fractal geometry is also presented, In addition, the textile image constructed by virtual yarns is produced with simple processes抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1696K) -
Yutaka Kawahara, Kazuaki Sugiura, Satoshi Ogawa, Takeshi Kikutani1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. 613-616
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe dyeing behaviors for two types of poly (ethylene terephthalate) fibers, high-speed spun type and conventional regular type, were compared in supercritical CO2 fluid. The color strengths, K/S. increased with elevating the severity of dyeing conditions. At lower temperature and pressure, K/S values for the high-speed spun fibers became larger than the values for the regular fibers. Especially when the high-speed spun fibers were dyed in supercritical CO2 fluid at 80°C and 180 bar, K/S value went up to 14.0.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1096K) -
三宅 裕幸1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. P403-P408
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2725K) -
中安 誠一郎1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. P409-P412
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (744K) -
大田 康雄1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. P413-P417
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1801K) -
大森 昭夫, 桜木 功, 小野寺 正憲1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. P418-P422
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1609K) -
大口 正勝1999 年 55 巻 12 号 p. P423-P427
発行日: 1999/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1739K)
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