巻号一覧
31 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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岩戸 昇, 小林 靖二1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. T1-T7
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe Type II orientation mechanism during the two-step biaxial stretching with film width unrestrained, ([2-2FI] (130)p<2.8× 1.1-10>), was studied by means of x-ray diffraction and DSC.
When the restretching proceeds (2nd-step stretching) to about v2=3, the fibrils oriented to pp direction rotate gradually towards ps direction, and the lamellae structure is gradually destructed. At the higher restretching ratio (above v2=3), fibrils oriented to ps are newly developed at the expence of the original fibrils rotating toward ps. The long period is larger than that in the original fibrils at v2=1.1. the tie molecules between crystal blocks in the fibrils may be fixed in the state elongated by the high stress during the restretching. The strain is relaxed by the thermal contraction at 100°C. On the other hand the crystal blocks in the newly developed fibrils are less stable than those in the original fibrils. when the restretching is further proceeded (above v2=7), _??_ the structure oriented to ps is considered to be composed by the mixture of the original and newly developed fibrils.
In the whole range of v2, change in Tm2 is slightly different from change in density. It may be explained in terms of the strain of the tie molecules which elevates Tm2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2223K) -
平林 潔, 塚田 益裕, 奈倉 正宣, 石川 博1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. T8-T11
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe α-β transition of Tussah silk fibroin drawn to the various ratios was studied mainly by means of differencial scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermomechanical anlaysis (TMA) and X-ray diffraction. The results are summarized as follows.
(1) In the DSC curves of Tussah silk fibroin, immediately above an endothermic peak at 200°C, an exothermic peak occurs clearly at around 230°C for drawn specimen. From the results of X-ray diffraction patterns, this peak is attributed to the α-β transition. Moreover, Tussah silk fibroin film shows also the same behavior.
(2) In the thermomechanical curves, Tussah silk fibroin shows very small shrinkage in a temperature range of 100 to 200°C, begins to elongate abruptly at this critical temperature (200°C) due to the unfolding of fibroin molecular chains. The elongation terminates in the vicinity of 230°C, and the length of fibroin increases abruptly when the temperature reaches 340 to 360°C. This elongation is supposed to be attributed to the conformational chang to the β-structure. At higher temperatures, the fibroin molecules again begin to shrink slowly owing to the entropy elasticity as they assume rubber-like structure in this temperature range.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (685K) -
井上 猛司1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. P8-P12
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1135K) -
後藤 共子1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. T11-T17
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the dyeing mechanism of cellulose fiber with the reactive dye (Procion Yellow HA), the absorption and the reactivity of dyestuff were studied and following results were obtained:
1) Diffusion coefficients calculated from Fick's equation depend on dyeing time at the initial stage. The uptake of the dye over the extended period is analyzed by applying the McGregor's treatment.
2) Thermodynamic values on the absorption of the dye at pH 6.53 is similar to that of amino-azo benzen derivatives to cellulose. The rate of diffusion of the hydrolyzed Procion Yellow HA is constant at pH_??_9.57 and the absorption of the hydrolyzed dye decreases noticeably with increasing pH.
3) The apparent reactivity of the dye with cellulose is very slow in comparison with that of hydrolysis of dye. On the finding that the diffusion of the dye is sufficiently fast compared with the reaction of the dye with cellulose.
4) It was considered that the physical state of active center of cellulose fiber plays very important role in the reaction of the dye with cellulose.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (489K) -
町田 誠之1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. P13-P17
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (362K) -
脇田 登美司, 高沢 道孝, 黒木 宣彦1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. T18-T23
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーColor change during high pressure steaming in polyester over-printing was investigated on the basis of spectral reflectance curve, CIE-chromaticity diagram and complemental chromaticity diagram.
The results obtained were as follows.
1) Color change during the steaming in the over-printing was illustrated by spectral reflectance curves and CIE-chromaticity diagram. Considerable difference in color early in the steaming was gradually converged to a point on the diagram by continuing the steaming to 120min. Varying the steaming temperature, CIE-chromaticity points were changed through the different routes.
2) Complemental tristimulus value was calculated by substituting Kubelka-Munk function instead of spectral reflectance ρλ in the equation for calculation of tristimulus value X, Y, Z. It shows a color character of the dye, independent of the dye concentration on the fabric.
Considerable color change was observed in over-printing on the complemental chromaticity diagram, but almost no change in mixed color printing. When steaming temperature rises, color change is reduced.
3) Dye concentration in the fabric extracted with dimethylsulfoxide was compared with the surface dye concentration calculated by CIBA-Q method. A distinct difference was investigated between the both results.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (372K) -
安塚 勝三1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. P18-P24
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (583K) -
改森 道信, 水野 信三1975 年 31 巻 1 号 p. T24-T32
発行日: 1975/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn commercial processing of wool dyeing using mordant dyestuffs, bichromate has been in use. After chromating it has been a common practice to use potasium bichromate equal to 1/2-1/3% of dyestuffs.
Lately the pressure of chromium in water waste contained in heavy metals came to light as a cause of public nuisance, its amount being in excess beyond the allowance for public safety. As a result of it further investigations has been carried on.
Among the processes directed toward alleviation are to change mordant dyestuffs to some others for instance, such as 1:2 type metal complex dyestuffs; use of reductive agents; application of ion exchange resins to mention the outstanding attempts.
The present paper reports the findings consisted of the following three parts
(1) Amount of chromium in dyebath at the end of dyeing was much influenced by next factors; amount of bichromate and sodium sulfite, chroming temperature and time.
Chromium was hardly detected when potassium bichromate was used less than 0.7% owf under ordinary dyeing conditions.
(2) Purity of dyestuffs in market was investigated and then calculated the stoichiometric chromium amount. Dyeing was practised under this chromium amount and chromium in dyebath was checked. Both change of shade and dyeing fastness properties was also checked.
In the results, it was shown that the minimum amount of bichromate required to develop the dyestuff was nearly the stoichiometric chromium amount.
(3) Application to actual dyeing the stoichiometric chromium amount i.e., to actual dyeing “Potassium bichromate Factor” was considered. Dyeing was practised on the basis of this factor. Actual yarn and piece dyeing tests over six months followed that chromium in waste water was hardly detected and that both fastness properties and reappearance of shade was very satisfied.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (603K)
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