巻号一覧
27 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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池田 進, 松田 和夫1971 年 27 巻 8 号 p. 323-327
発行日: 1971/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA parallel spring model is proposed in order to discuss the thermal stress of drawn fibers. It is composed of N springs, each of which is fixed by a hook and bears a force in proportion to the strain. Since some springs are stretched and others are contracted, the total force of these springs is zero in a equilibrium state. With increased temperature some of springs detach from the hook and lose the force.
We assume here that the strain of springs is distributed and the spring detaches from the hook in the order of the rate of contraction, ie. the higher the contraction, the lower is the temperature at which the detaching occurs. Detaching from the hook of the contractive springs causes decrease in the extensile force and causes the contractive force in this model. This contractive force is a function of temperature. We calculated the function from this model.
The behaviors expected from this model are as follows:
1) The thermal stress-temperature relation is parabolic.
2) The relation between maximum thermal stress and temerature is parabolic when the cramp length varies.
3) The thermal stress-temperature relation varies with a strain distribution of the spring.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (337K) -
知野 光伸, 鈴木 恵1971 年 27 巻 8 号 p. 328-337
発行日: 1971/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe friction between spun yarn and cylinder is calculaded by taking into consideration of the contact width of the yarn wrapt around the cylinder. The result calculated is compared with experimental data.
The well known equation of yarn tension invalves the friction between the yarn and cylinder, T=_??_ is derived under assumption that a yarn is a line. This assumption causes some differences between the experimental data and calculated one. Thus the authors treat the friction by taking into consideration of the contact with the yarn.
The contact width between the yarn and cylinder is given by the following equation.
where, P: normal force on the contact part between yarn and cylinder λy: contact pressure Dy: radius of yarn Dc: radius of cylinder.
A coefficient k representing the influence of contart width is assumed to be m/2a, where m is the contact width and a is the short axis of cross section of deformed yarn. Therefore, the force T1 on the contact width m is expressed by the following equation.
where, T1: yarn tension at a measured end T2: yarn tension at the initial weighted side μ_??_: coefficient of friction between yarn and cylinder θ: the contact angle between yarn and cylinder.
Calculated result by the corrected equation of the yarn tension is in better agreement with experimental one than in the use of the conventional equation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1371K) -
高原 弘和, 河合 弘迪, 福島 昭夫, 山口 豊1971 年 27 巻 8 号 p. 338-348
発行日: 1971/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe orientation behavior of crystallites during biaxial stretching for highly isotactic polypropylenes are interpreted in terms of a spherulite deformation mechanism modified from that proposed by Sasaguri, Yamada and Stein.
Five deformation parameters characterizing the spherulite deformation mechanism, i.e., fraction of the fringed-micellar type crystal within crystal lamella at undeformed state, easiness of crystal transition from folded-chain type to fringed-micellar type and that from fringed-micellar type to folded-chain type, easiness of lamella twisting around its axis and preservation of prefered orientation of b-axis within crystal lamella during crystal transition from folded-chain type to fringed-micellar type, showed reasonable changes with conditions of stretching of the bulk polymers.
The orientation behavior of crystallites during uniaxial stretching for highly isotactic polypropylenes are also interpreted in terms of the above biaxial spherulite deformation mechanism. From these results, the relationship between the deformation mechanism of spherulite and the method of stretching are discussed.
The easiness of orientation and rotation of crystallites during simultaneous biaxially stretching is subject to much restraint than that of strip biaxial and uniaxial stretching due to constructive stretching on orthogonal two directions. The degree of restriction of orientation and rotation of crystallites exerts large influence upon the deformation parameters characterizing the spherulite deformation mechanism.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1750K) -
高原 弘和, 河合 弘迪, 福島 昭夫, 山口 豊1971 年 27 巻 8 号 p. 349-358
発行日: 1971/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーRelationship between calculated and measured tensile moduli of uni- and biaxially oriented isotactic polypropylene specimens is investigated. The calculation of elastic modulus of bulk specimens is carried out on the basis of either the homogeneous stress or the homogeneous strain hypothesis using the uni- and biaxial orientation distribution of structural unit and their mechanical constants.
The calculated tensile modulus of both machine and transverse directions based on the homogeneous strain hypothesis are too high, while those based on the homogeneous stress hypothesis are rather close to the experimental results. For highly stretched specimen, morphology of the specimen from spherulite to highly oriented fiber texture, the calculated tensile modulus of transverse direction based on homogeneous strain hypothesis, however, is close to the experimental result.
The above calculation may be valid only for the glassy state of semi-crystalline polymers and other treatment based on the kinetic theory of polymer chains for non-crystalline phase may be necessary for rubbery state of the semi-crystalline polymers. The ratio of and are nearly 3 for the glassy state.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (785K) -
喜多村 一夫, 柴田 二三男, 吉田 善一1971 年 27 巻 8 号 p. 359-365
発行日: 1971/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe dyeing rate in the early stages and the penetration coefficient of dye were studied on the dyeing of heat set (at a constant length), drawn polyethylene terephthalate fibres with a disperse dye, C. I. Disperse Red 1 in relation to the fine structure of the fibres.
Two sets of fibres with draw ratios of 3.3 and 4.0 were used after heat treatment under various conditions.
The findings are as follows:
Monotonic increases with the temperature of heat treatment have been observed for the penetration coefficient on both sets of fibres and for the dyeing rate on the fibres with a draw ratio of 3.3 However, the dyeing rate on the fibres with a draw ratio of 4.0 showed a minimum in the fiber heatset at 200°C. The penetration coefficient increased linearly while the dyeing rate decreased linearly with the logarithm of the time of heat treatment. Both penetration coefficient and dyeing rate were much higher for the fibres with a draw ratio of 3.3 than for those with a draw ratio of 4.0 heat-treated under the same conditions.
The density and the peak height of the small angle X-ray scattering increased, while the gauche content of the ethylenedioxy linkages in amorphous region decreased with the increase of the temperature or time of heat treatment. All of the above three quantities were linearly dependent on the logarithm of the time of heat treatment. Under the same annealing conditions, the fibres of draw ratio 3.3 showed higher value of the peak height of X-ray small angle scattering and the gauche content, compared to the fibres with draw ratio of 4.0.
The dependence of the dyeing rate on the heat setting conditions was discussed by using the following equation, where Ct is the amount of dye absorbed in the fibres at time t and will come up to C∞ at equilibrium, r is the radius of the fibres, and D the diffusion coefficient of the dye which is proportional to the penetration coefficient.
The penetration coefficient is a function of two structural parameters: the intensity of the X-ray small angle scattering, and the gauche content of ethylenedioxy linkages in the amorphous region. The relation between the above parameters and the morphology of the fibre were discussed with particular stress on the mobility of the polymer chain segments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (481K) -
知野 光伸, 鈴木 恵1971 年 27 巻 8 号 p. 366-372
発行日: 1971/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIt was difficult to measure the bending friction of fiber and yarn at arbitrary angle and also to measure it continuously. So, an apparatus to measure friction of spun yarn in contact with a cylinder is devised and experiments are carried out on several kinds of spun yarn. Moreover, on the basis of those experimental data, a study is made on the frictional mechanism of spun yarn.
The results obtained are as follow:
1) The apparatus measures the frictional force or friction coefficient of spun yarn in contact with a cylinder, changing the angle from 0° to 180° and also the velocity.
2) The frictional force or friction coefficient of spun yarn is dependent upon the change of contact length and contact width of spun yarn on a cylinder.
It is pointed out in other report that the contact width changes with yarn diameter, the number of twists, fineness, fiber length, friction coefficient of fiber and dead weight in measuring.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1194K)
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