巻号一覧
29 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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平塚 信夫1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. P192-P195
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (790K) -
長野 正満1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. P196-P202
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1090K) -
田中 信行, 中島 章夫1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. T229-T233
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAs the representative theories on melting in copolymers composed of units of type A capable of crystallizing and other units B incapable of crystallizing, two theories proposed by P. J. Flory in 1949 and in 1955 are known well. However, there are not a few experimental results on melting in copolymers that can not be explained enough even with those theories. Above all, the causes of the discrepancy between numerical values of the heat of fusion derived from melting point depression in polymer A-diluent system and from melting point data in copolymer A-B has not been clarified strictly as yet.
The purpose of this work is to investigate theoretically this problem by taking into consideration the conformational entropy of amorphous chains for copolymers composed of units of type A and other units B.
Thus, some thermodynamic expressions were derived for melting in copolymer systems. The results obtained affords fair explanations for discrepancy between numerical values of the heat of fusion previously derived from melting point depression in polymer A-diluent system and from melting point data in copolymer A-B.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (311K) -
田中 信行, 中島 章夫1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. T234-T237
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe thermal shrinkage of fibrous homopolymers and copolymers by the partial melting of crystalline regions may be understood theoretically on the basis of the theories on melting in homo- and copolymers as described in our preceding papers.
The purpose of this work is to investigate the thermal shrinkage of fibrous substantial copolymers by appling the relation between the relative shrinkage and the absolute temperature derived from the theories on melting in copolymers composed of units of type A capable of crystallizing and other units B incapable of crystallizing proposed in our preceding papers.
It may be assumed that the thermal shrinkage curves of fibrous copolymers show some features differing from the shrinkage curves of fibrous homopolymers because the dependence of the crystallinity to temperature is characteristic for copolymers especially.
The fibrous samples used are polyethylene terephthalate/isophthalate copolymer fibers, with which the thermal shrinkage curves were discussed from a stand point as mentioned above in comparison with the results of DTA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (235K) -
池田 徹雄, 辻 和一郎, 池田 洋子1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. T238-T242
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe thermo-oxidative atability (i.e. the retension of warp tensile strength of fabric after heat exposure at 130°C for a long duration) of acrylic acid grafted nylon 6 fabrics, treated with some metallic salts or tris (1-aziridinyl) phosphine oxide (APO), was studied.
The results obtained were different in some aspects from those of polypropylene fabrics reported previously. The thermo-oxidative stability of nylon 6 fabric was improved to some extent by the grafting of acrylic acid. The conversion of carboxylic groups in the grafted nylon 6 fabrics to a metallic salt-form was carried out with aqueous solutions of metallic salts. When calcium, chromium or nickel salts were used, the metallization was more or less effective on the stability of fabrics, but the effects were not so remarkable as in the case of the grafted polypropylene. The stability in copper salt-form was deteriorated somewhat by heat, but the extent of the damage was not so significant as in the case of acrylic acid grafted polypropylene. The fact that the grafting and the subsequent chromium salt formation improve the stability of nylon 6 fabrics but rather spoil the stability of polypropylene may suggests that some differences are present between the mechanisms of thermo-oxidative degradation of the two polymers, although a similar radical mechanisms have been assumed. The treatment with APO, which imparted a better stability to acrylic acid grafted polypropylene fabrics, was also effective for ungrafted nylon 6 fabric but was not for the grafted nylon 6 fabrics, since the addon of APO attained was small.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (420K) -
池田 徹雄, 辻 和一郎, 池田 洋子1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. T243-T250
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPolypropylene (PP), acrylic acid grafted PP fabrics and those treated with aqueous solutions of some metallic salts or tris (1-aziridinyl) phosphine oxide (APO) were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
DSC curves of all the samples show no oxidative exotherm in nitrogen atmosphere. On the other hand, acrylic acid grafted PP fabrics with percent grafting of more than 28% show a relatively large exotherm above 170°C in air, and this is shifted to lower temperatures compared with 250°C of original PP fabric, suggesting that PP fabric becomes susceptible to oxidative degradation by acrylic acid grafting. Large broad exotherms appear in air above 180°C in the DSC curves of acrylic acid grafted PP fabrics treated with metallic salts or APO even in sample with a lower percent grafting (19.5%), which is different from those of grafted and untreated fabrics. The DSC curve of acrylic acid grafted and copper salt treated PP fabric shows two peaks successively in the vicinity of these exotherms which may be considered as the indication of copper ion catalyzed oxidative degradation of PP. These exothermic peaks in the DSC curves of the acrylic acid grafted and after-treated PP fabrics are not clearly assigned.
Heat of fusion of PP component in the acrylic acid grafted PP fabrics is lowered by the grafting, and a linear relationship is obtained when the heats of fusion of the samples with different percent of grafting are plotted against percent grafting.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (633K) -
羽賀 敏雄, 石橋 博1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. T251-T261
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーInteractions between poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber and several organic solvents are discussed with regard to the swelling behavior of PET fiber in these solvents. Organic solvents used were trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene which are important media for solvent dyeing and finishing, and methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, acetone, chloroform, 1, 2-dichloroethane and 1, 1, 2-trichloroethane. Results obtained were as follows:
(1) The diffusion rate of trichloroethylene, chloroform, 1, 2-dichloroethane or 1, 1, 2-trichloroethane in PET fiber changes in two steps, the first step where the diffusion coefficient is gradually increased by the change of the structure of PET fiber and the following step is constant. On the other hand, tetrachloroethylene, alcohols and acetone apparently show constant diffusion coefficients in the whole process of diffusion.
(2) In the case of solvents accompanying the change of the structure of PET fiber in the diffusion process, diffusion coefficients at immersion time t=0 were obtained by extraporation, and they are compared with those of the rest solvents.
(3) From the relationship between the diffusion coefficient or activation energy of diffusion of solvents and their molecular volume, interactions between PET fiber and solvent can be interpreted by polar interactions in which solvent behaves as proton donor and PET fiber proton acceptor, and dispersion force. Furthermore, diffusion behaviors of alcohols are clearly different from those of other solvents on account of associability. These results support the explanation for the swelling behavior assumed from the relation of the solubility parameter and dipole moment to the equilibrium swelling.
(4) The increase of the diffusion coefficient in the diffusion process apparently depends only upon that of chain freedom caused by the relaxation of interchain bonds in PET fiber interacting with solvent. Besides, the swelling region of PET fiber in solvent and the relation of the activation energy of diffusion to the activation entropy of diffusion are also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (902K) -
高沢 弘明, 片山 明, 黒木 宣彦1973 年 29 巻 6 号 p. T262-T266
発行日: 1973/06/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe adsorption isotherms of nine monobasic dyes on three kinds of Nylon fibers at constant pH (4.0) have been determined at 90°C. The Nylon fibers, Nylon-1, -2 and -3 had amino group analyses of 25, 54 and 95meq/kg, respectively. From the adsorption isotherms the saturation values of the dyes on each Nylon are calculated. For the dyes of high affinity, these values were found to be approximately equal to the amino group content. For the dyes of low affinity, however, the saturated values reduced, and the deviation from the stoichiometric uptake increased with a decrease in the affinity of the dye. The deviation was explained by assuming the presence of, (1) the electrical repulsion between carboxylate anion of Nylon and dye anion (2) the change in the affinity of dye with variations of the orientation of amorphous region.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (347K)
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