巻号一覧
30 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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黒川 昌孝, 大塚 卓, 木村 祥平, 滝 文夫, 小西 孝1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. T127-T135
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe relationship between the structure and the drawing behaviour of the rolled or compressed nylon 6.10 and 6 undrawn filaments were studied with the X-ray diffraction and photomicrography. Molecular chains are oriented perpendicular to the filament axis and hydrogen-bonded sheets became parallel to the rolled or compressed plane. The region with these special orientation is limited to the central part and the surrounding region shows the low c-axis orientation for the undrawn filaments rolled 50%. When these rolled or compressed specimens are extended above 100°C, two families of deformation bands crossed each other generate at these specially oriented regions and as the drawing temperature is raised above 170°C and the drawing is continued, the formation of deformation bands is immediately followed by the initiation of cracks on the deformation bands.
The condition of the crack initiation depends upon the temperature of drawing and that of annealing of the specimens before drawing. Cracks do not initiate along the deformation bands and the fracture is brittle-like for the specimens rolled 50%, annealed at 220°C and pre-drawn slightly at 190°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5454K) -
平林 潔, 鈴木 孝雄, 石川 博1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. T136-T141
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAnisotropic dimensional changes in silk fiber immersed in aqueous LiBr solutions have been studied.
Contractility of fibers was observed at temperatures higher than ca. 40°C above in the 6M LiBr solution. A larger dimensional change of the fibers was observed by increased salt concentration and the length of contraction leveled off at the LiBr concentration 7.5M. At the concentration of 8.5M, the fibers were expanded and broken down at 75°C.
In order to examine the contraction mechanism of the fibers, infrared absorption was tested in the LiBr/D2O system using silk fibroin films containing unoriented β, α, and the random coil structure, respectively. It was found that at a salt concentration of 4.3M, only β structure was destroyed. At higher concentration of 8.6M, however, both α and β structures of silk were destroyed. Then, the transformation involved the change from crystalline to amorphous phase of the constituent polypeptide chains. The silk fibers contracted in LiBr solution showed remarkable thermoelastic properties. The fibers dialysed against deionized water gave the α structure. From these facts, it was confirmed that the silk fiber was changed by aqueous LiBr solution from the β structure to the α structure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (921K) -
細井 正広, 栗山 将, 河合 徹1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. T142-T147
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe molecular weight distributions of polyethylene polymerized by γ-ray irradiation in gas phase under various conditions were investigated by GPC method. In the high polymerization temperature the distribution curve shows a single sharp peak, whereas in the low polymerization temperature it shows characteristic broad double peaks. The peak, corresponding to the high molecular weight species in the latter, becomes more intense with increasing polymerization pressure. The molecular weight distributions of the polymers obtained by a two-step polymerization also reveal double peaks characteristic of the low temperature polymerization. In the second step polymerization, the rate of increase in the number of the polymer molecules is larger for the high molecular weight species. This tendency, which applies also to the usual one-step polymerization, suggests the existence of the long-lived radicals during the polymerization. The average molecular weight of the polyethylene sample obtained by shielding partly the irradiation with the lead block was always higher than that obtained without shielding, and the peak in the molecular weight distribution shifts towards the higher molecular weight region by shielding. All these results suggest that the addition of the monomer to the long-lived radicals trapped in the polymer precipitated would give rise to further growth of the chains and branching reaction (which leads to the formation of long-chain branches).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (412K) -
後藤 共子1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. T148-T152
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe diffusion of an acid dye (C. I. Acid Blue 59) into dioxane casted poly-γ-methyl-D-glutamate (PMDG) was studied by means of the film roll method.
The distribution of the dye through the film varied with the temperature of the dyebath (T). The distribution curve showed approximately Fick's curve at T>75°C, but it showed the mixture of the absorption on ionic site and nonionic site at T<75°C
The effect of heat-treatment on diffusion of an acid dye into PMDG was studied at 70°C. The absorption on ionic site was not observed at the treating temperature higher than 110°C of PMDG. The diffusion coefficient of nonionic type was not changed on the treating temperature.
The diffusion of dye into PMDG at various pH at 70°C was studied.
The absorption on ionic site increased with decreasing pH.
The absorption on ionic site contributed the important effect in the diffusion of C. I. Acid Blue 59 into PMDG. These abnormal phenomena at 75°C were considered to be due to the fact that the mesomorphic state of PMDG was activated and the amorphous structure varied at this temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (354K) -
小川 利彦, 井高 英一, 平林 和弘, 高瀬 福已1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. T153-T159
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーActivated sludge process has been employed as a method of the decontamination of the waste water in dye industries, but it has been considered disadvantageous because of the low decontamination. In order to improve the decontaminating properties, the influences of the composition of the culture medium on the decreases of acid azo dyes and the growth curve of microbes were investigated. Culture media were prepared from peptone, meat extract, glucose and mineral salts. Used dyes were acid azo dyes containing mono- or disulphonic acid group.
When the dye concentration and the BOD of the culture medium were as high as the waste water in dye industries and the usual sewerage, the decrease of the dyes were too low to decontaminate. In culture media having the concentration of about 20 times than the BOD of the usual sewerage, however, the high decrease in the dye concentration ranging from 60 to 97% was observed for acid dyes containing monosulphonic acid group, while a small decrease occurred for the dye containing disulphonic acid group. The addition of the dye to the culture medium resulted in a lowering the digestion ratio on the BOD of the media. In these cases, microbes could be adapted to the culture medium containing the dye by the repeated inoculation, and thereby the decontamination is improved. It was found that the main factor in these decontamination was not due to the biodegradability but the biofloculation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (500K) -
唐沢 幹雄, 村山 和弘, 丁子 敬子1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. T160-T166
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe fading behavior and the initial products of 15 aminoanthraquinone disperse dyes exposed to dry nitrogen dioxide are investigated.
Cellulose acetate film dyed or cast with the dyes, nylon 6 films dyed and the powdered dyes were subjected to the fading experiment, in which the specimens were placed in the gas atmosphere at 5mm Hg at 25°C.
Results are as follows:
1) At the initial stage of the gas fading of 11 dyes, the time dependent absorption spectra gives the isosbestic point indicative of the single reaction product9). 2) From the elemental analysis, paper chromatograph, IR spectra and colouration test, the primary products from 1, 4-diaminoanthraquinone and 1-methylaminoanthraquinone were identified as the 4-diazonium nitrate and the N-nitrosoamine, respectively. 3) In most cases, the fading was retarded with the dye concentration in the film. 4) The ease of the fading and the dye structure were related as in the previous studies4, 5).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (434K) -
白井 汪芳, 北条 舒正1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. P220-P231
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (826K) -
山崎 升, 東 福次1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. P232-P236
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (338K) -
子安 勝1974 年 30 巻 4 号 p. P237-P242
発行日: 1974/04/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (539K)
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