巻号一覧
36 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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雀部 博之1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. P271-P276
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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田中 信行, 武田 潤一, 狩野 信一1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. T275-T281
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーMelting point depression phenomena of nylon 6 by methoxymethylation are divided into two main classes. In the first stage, the increase in the substitution ratio 1-XA of methoxymethyl residue causes a melting temperature depression according to modified Flory's equation with a=2, where, Tm is the melting temperature of a copolymer, Tm° the melting temperature of major component polymer, hu the heat of fusion per structural unit, XA the mole fraction of major component structural unit, a the constant (_??_1) and k the Boltzmann's constant. However, (1) for the highly amorphous samples, over 1-XA≈0.25, the melting peak disappears and (2) for samples with high crystallinity, over 1-XA≈0.10, the melting point depression becomes sluggish and/or the melting peak temperature is almost unaltered. In the latter case, it may be supposed that the methoxymethyl residues substituted on the crystalline surfaces play an important part in the suppression of recrystallization and in keeping the cohesive states of crystalline regions before the DSC measurements.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (420K) -
二塚 正也1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. P277-P285
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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山本 雄三, 森下 貞夫, 木下 茂武1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. T282-T287
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe influence of redrawing temperature on the deformation behavior of drawn and annealed isotactic polypropylene films were studied by measuring refractive index and x-ray diffraction. The deformation behavior during redrawing was closely related to the annealing temperature Ta at which the original film was prepared and to the redrawing temperature Trd. When Trd was lower than Ta, the deformation behavior was essentially the same as that at Trd=110°C for A (Ta=140°C) and B (Ta=157°C) films. But, when Trd was higher than Ta, a new type of the deformation behavior appeared both for A and B films.
On the deformation (redrawn at angle α to the first draw direction with draw ratio λ) at a higher temperature (Trd=157°C) with α=0°, c-axis orientation of crystal decreased at small draw ratios but the orientation of amorphous chain increased rapidly at first. Afterward the former c-axis orientation increased with λ. For α=30, 60°, the c-axis orientation increased with λ but lamellae were rotated toward the redrawing direction at initial stage of the deformation and then perpendicular to it. Therefore c-axis was tilted within the lamella and its tilt angle showed a maximum at around λ=2. On the other hand, the orientation of amorphous chain preceded the c-axis orientation. For α=90°. the amorphous and crystal orientation were randomized at small draw ratios within the film plane, while at higher draw ratios the deformation mechanism was explained in a similar manner as that at Trd=110°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1295K) -
吉田 利三郎1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. P286-P289
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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川井 収治, 赤羽 健志, 土屋 静雄, 中保 治郎1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. T288-T292
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn apparatus for the measurement of sonic velocity in liquids was constructed. The measurement of the sonic velocity U in an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was carried out in the temperature range 25°C to 80°C by the apparatus. The magnitude of thus obtained U was larger than the sonic velocity in ion-exchanged water U0 in the above temperature range. U and U0 increased with the temperature, giving a maximum which appeared at lower temperature for U than for U0. Assuming that the adiabatic compressibility of the bound water β2 is equal to that of the value teported by Shiio et al, and also assuming that β1, and β2 are independent of temperature, the amount of bound water ν2 was calculated according to the formula reported by Shiio et al. Under the above assumptions, the calculated value of ν2 appeared to decrease as the temperature rised. Since it has been known that the removal of the bound water by electrolyte ions is one of the main factors of salting out of aqueous hydrophilic polymers, above results may shed light on the coagula-tion of PVA. The authors pointed out previously that the molecular motion of PVA also gives an effect on the coagulation. Dehydration and other factors contributing to the coagulation of PVA must be taken into account for the clarification.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (995K) -
曽根 健夫, 木村 光雄, 砺波 宏明1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. T293-T298
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous study it has been shown that the introduction of acid groups into the rayon fibers is not effective to increase the fastness to washing.
In this study, the effects of hydrophobic groups on the fastness were discussed thermodynami-cally. The effects of the hydrophobic groups and the acid groups when they were coexisting were also discussed similarly.
The results obtained are as follows:
(1) The affinities and enthalpy changes in the partition (C) type adsorption of the dyes are increased with the hydrophobic group content in the rayon fiber.
(2) When the hydrophobic groups and the acid groups coexist, the affinities in the Langmuir's type adsorption of the dye are increased by 2_??_3kcal/mol and the affinities in the C type adsorption of dye are also increased slightly in comparison with the values obtained when only the hydrophobic groups or the acid groups are present.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (431K) -
麓 泉1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. T299-T307
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe dyeing behavior of angola rabbit fibers with acid dyes has been investigated with reference to the amino acid contents, crystallinity, zeta potential and microscopical observations, as compared with wool fibers.
From the results, it is deduced that:
(1) The amino acid analysis shows clearly that the content of non-protein fractions of rabbit fibers is much more than that of wool fibers. However, the dyeability of rabbit fibers for acid dyes is not suppressed by it, due to the higher content of ammonia and the lower crystallinity.
(2) The dye uptake or the exhaustion in dyeing equilibrium is much higher for rabbit fibers than for wool.
(3) The zeta potential of rabbit fibers is much more negative at entire pH-region examined and the isoelectric point is lower than that of wool.
(4) The rate of dyeing or exhaustion for rabbit fibers with a dibasic acid dye (e.g. C. I. Acid Orange 10) in buffer solution under a restricted condition is slower than that for wool; this may be affected by the higher negative serface potential of rabbit fibers.
(5) The core of rabbit fibers is not a complete hollow but filled up intermittently with porous materials. The apparent tinctorial values of dyed rabbit fibers are lower than those of wool at the same dye content. Hence, the dyeing of rabbit fibers may be recognized to be more difficult than that of wool.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1806K) -
宮松 徳久, 小口 登1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. T308-T313
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA preparation of fibrous weak acidic exchanger is carried out by chemically modifying acrylic fiber as follows:
1) Acrylic fibers, as raw material, are treated with aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution for the crosslinking.
2) Then the fibers are treated with aqueous caustic soda solution to introduce carboxyl group on the hydrolysis of residual nitrile groups. The results thus obtained are as follows.
a) The fibrous ion exchanger obtained is an amphotenic ion exchanger. However, since much more cation exchange groups than anion exchange groups can be introduced, it can practically be used as a cation exchanger.
b) The ion exchange capacity of the fibrous ion exchanger obtained is about 6-9 meq/g and the weaker hydrazine treatment gives the higher ion exchange capacity and water swelling ratio. On the contrary, the mechanical strength of the fibrous ion exchanger goes down.
c) After the hydrazine hydrate treatment the color of the fiber becomes light yellow and subsequently changes into orange in the air. Immediately after the caustic soda treatment, the color is light yellow but it changes into light red in the air.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (370K) -
塚田 益裕, 石黒 善夫, 平林 潔1980 年 36 巻 7 号 p. T314-T316
発行日: 1980/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated the secondary structure of silk fibroin thread by measuring attenuated total reflection spectra and circular dichroism spectra. In ATR absorbance curves of the silk fibroin thread, the amide I band has a strong absorption at 1616cm-1, which is ca. 10cm-1 lower than the wave number observed for the specimen in beta structure. The CD spectrum of the silk fibroin thread obtained immediately after spinning shows a negative band at ca. 225nm, which is different from that observed for the aqueous silk fibroin solution in beta structure. With regard to the results of the infrared dichroism of the drawn silk fibroin film obtained by casting the aqueous silk fibroin solution, silk fibroin in cross beta structure gives a negative band at 217nm, while the specimen in antiparallel beta structure gives negative band centered at ca. 225nm. These results imply that the crystalline regenerated silk fibroin gives the cross beta structure, while the silk fibroin thread which is produced by the larva of the moth gives antiparallel beta structure in which the degree of molecular orientation is extremely developed by the spinning action of the larva of the moth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (172K)
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