巻号一覧
26 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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清造 剛, 長谷川 博三, 今村 力造1970 年 26 巻 9 号 p. 399-405
発行日: 1970/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWet spinning of nylon 6 of molecular weight 3×104 was studied by using five solvent systems of phenol (Ph), o-chlorophenol (OCP), sulfuric acid (SA), formic acid (FA) and dichloroacetic acid (DCA). Each of the solvent systems except OCP contained 10% water.
It is found by X-ray analysis that the crystalline structure of the wet spun filament of Ph, OCP and SA solvent systems is always the α-form, while that of FA solvent system is the γ-form when the coagulating bath temperature is low (30°C) and the alkali concentration is high (4%). The spun filament of DCA solvent system also has the γ-form at the low (30°C) coagulating bath temperature. The presence of these γ-form is confirmed by DTA thermogram in which appears a shoulder at the lower temperature side of the fusion peak, and is also confirmed by IR spectrum in which the absorbance of 970cm-1 is stronger than that of 960cm-1. It is supposed that the formation of the γ-form crystal is controlled with some factors such as the effect of solvent in the spinning solution, the effect of alkali in the coagulating bath, and the effect of the coagulating rate.
In the case of Ph, OCP and SA solvent systems having the α-form crystal, the X-ray diffraction intensity increase by drawing, especially the (002) intensity increase remarkably. The γ-form crystal of FA solvent system is converted by drawing into the α-form, intensity of which increased by succesive drawing, while that of DCA solvent system does not convert into the α-form.
The drawing process is followed in terms of the (200) orientation, the half value width and the density, and it is found that the wet spun filaments can be drawn without the destruction of crystal in spite of their higher crystallinity, owing to their fine-structural characteristics.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (949K) -
高橋 亨, 佐藤 一郎1970 年 26 巻 9 号 p. 406-416
発行日: 1970/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーOrientation behavior of crystalline phase in the uniaxial stretching of tubular extruded polyethylene film in the direction prerpendicular to the machine direction is discussed quantitatively in terms of the X-ray pole figure and the degree of biaxial orientation functions.
In the stretching the following deformation processes are recognized:
(1) The screw axis of lamellar texture shifts to the stretching direction. The order of orientation distribution of b-axis about the screw axis is still kept up at the displacement of the screw axis.
(2) The shifting of screw axis is attended by a-, c-axes rotation about b-axis. And the value of biaxial orientation functions _??_ and _??_ is recognized to increase gradually.
The crystal c-axis becomes, finally, almost parallel to the stretching axis and a-, and b-axes take optionally rotating orientation in the perpendicular direction to c-axis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (466K) -
松本 喜代一, 高嶋 英雄, 竹谷 恪, 今村 力造1970 年 26 巻 9 号 p. 417-425
発行日: 1970/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this report the changes of structure and properties of biaxially stretched poly (ethylene terephthalate) films are described.
Sample films used in this study were the T-die extruded film with 140μ thickness. The biaxial stretching of the films was done using a film-stretcher for wet-process. Stretching of the unstretched film was carried out in a recirculating hot silicon-oil bath. The films were stretched by the following three methods, (1) uniaxially with the constant width, (2) biaxially with two-way successive stretching, (3) biaxially with simultaneous stretching. Some of the stretched films were heat-set.
Mechanical properties of the biaxially and successively stretched films were compared in both stretching directions as shown in Figure 6. The intersecting point of two curves (MD and TD) in Figure 6 shows the balance value. In the case of this experiment, the balance value is about MD×TD=4.0×2.0. On the other hand, good balance of properties of the biaxially simultaneously stretched films in all directions could be achieved, as shown in Figure 7. Results of X-ray diffraction diagram and polarized infrared spectra analysis support the balance of mechanical properties of biaxially stretched films.
Uniplanar-axial orientation is observed in the cases of uniaxial stretching under constant width and unbalanced successively biaxial stretching, while the orientation is uniplanar in the films simultaneously and balanced successively biaxially stretched.
The simultaneons biaxial stretching is a method perferable to the successive biaxial stretching, not only for polypropylene film but also for poly (ethyleneterephthalate) film.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1915K) -
田島 純一1970 年 26 巻 9 号 p. 426-431
発行日: 1970/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPurified anthraquinone disperse dyes having the substituent group such as amino or methylamino were used to study the static electrification of dyed nylon fabrics.
The dyeing was carried out in water at 85°C for 2-hours. Surface resistivity, charge generation, half-decay time of charge and moisture content were measured in atmosphere at 20°C, 50% RH. The measured values were compared with the amount of the dye absorbed and the relation among them were investigated.
As a result of measurement, surface resistivity and half-decay time of all dyed fabrics increased comparing with those before dyeing.
It was found that there is a good correlation between surface resistivity and half-decay time of charge.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (429K) -
唐沢 幹雄, 関戸 実, 丁子 敬子1970 年 26 巻 9 号 p. 432-437
発行日: 1970/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper1), the dyeing with a mixture of mono-, di- and tribasic dye acids of unmodified 6-nylon were reported.
In the present paper, the single and mixture dyeings with the dye acids of the deaminated 6-nylons (samples: 6-nylon I, II, III), having less amino end groups than regular one is studied. The dye acids used are C. I. Acid Orange 7, Blue 25 (monobasic), C. I. Food Yellow 3, C. I. Acid Blue 45 (dibasic) and C. I. Acid Red 18 (tribasic). The adsorption isotherms of the dye acids in single and mixture dyeings for the samples (see Table 1) were determined at 90°C.
The results obtained are as follows:
1) Assuming that the adsorption of these dye acids on the samples is of L + C type (Figures 1, 2, 3), the constants [S], a and k in the equation (1) were calculated from the experimental data (see Table 2).
2) In the single dyeing, the saturation values [S] of di- and tri- basic dye acids were larger (1_??_3 times of equivalent) than the number of amino end group of the samples. It is thought that, when one of the sulphonic groups in a di- or tribasic dye molecule is linked with an amino end group in the sample, for the other sulphonic group in the same dye molecule, it is difficult to link with other amino end group in the sample on account of the average distance between the amino end groups in the samples is lager than the distance between the sulphonic groups in a di- or tribasic dye molecule.
3) In the binary mixture dyeing with the dye acids of the samples having small contents of amino end group, it is found that blocking effect is estimated by comparison of not only the constants a, k but also [S] of each dye acid in single dyeing respectibely, differed from the case of the mixture dyeing for regular 6-nylon1).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (395K) -
岡島 三郎, 増子 徹1970 年 26 巻 9 号 p. 438-442
発行日: 1970/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn apparatus for biaxial stretching of polymer film was constructed. A panel type infrared heate_??_ was used as the heating element for uniform heating within the temperature range of 50-180°C. The apparatus was driven by oil pressure system with the stretching rate of 1.3_??_120cm/min.
Uniformity of biaxially stretched film (polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate) in one step was examined by means of optical and X-ray methods and a satisfactory result was obtained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1362K) -
小西 孝, 黒川 昌孝1970 年 26 巻 9 号 p. 443-446
発行日: 1970/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe morphology of crystals of silk fibroin precipitated from cupriethylenediamine solution of various pH were studied by electron microscopy and by X-ray and electron diffraction. The FCP 1 X are crystallized in the α-structure above room temperature for 2 weeks and precipitated sheaflike crystals at neutral pH, single crystals at alkaline pH and lathtype crystals at acidic pH respectively. The FCP are precipitated in as sheaflike crystals in the β-structure by the chymotrypic proteolysis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1532K)
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