巻号一覧
26 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
上出 健二1970 年 26 巻 1 号 p. 1-10
発行日: 1970/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIsotactic polypropylene filaments were prepared from fractions, their blends, and whole polymers of several types under the same melt spinning conditions (diameter and length of die used 0.45 and 0.5mm., respectively, the out put 0.765cc/min., winding velocity 250m/min.) at the optimum temperature at which the maximum spinnability realizes. As spun filaments were stretched in silicone oil at a temperature ranging from 30°C to 135°C. Mechanical properties of drawn filaments were measured in connection with molecular weight (MW) and molecular weight distribution (MWD). The results obtained may be summerized as follows:
(1) Both crystallinity and degree of orientation of drawn filaments are independent of their MW. On the other hand, the stress-strain curve is very much sensitive to MW.
(2) In the range of drawing temperature, 30°C-135°C, the breaking extension of drawn filaments increases with increased drawing temperature, however, the tensile strength does not.
(3) With increased stretch ratio, the tensile strength increases, while the breaking extension decreases.
(4) The tensile strength of drawn filaments prepared under the same conditions increases with increase in MW, The tensile strength does not significantly vary with MWD.
(5) The breaking extension prepared under the same conditions decreases slightly with increase in MW and decreases with increases MWD.
(6) Relationships between tensile strength and tensile elongation depends remarkably on MW and MWD.
(7) Temperature dependence of tensile strength of drawn filaments prepared under the same conditions increases with increase in MW.
(8) Young's modulus increases with increase in MW.
(9) The work of rupture of drawn filaments prepared under the same conditions reaches maximum at _??_v=1.1_??_1.3×105, where _??_v is the viscosity-average molecular weight.
(10) Dynamic modulus of drawn filaments prepared under same conditions increases with MW and decreases with increase in MWD.
It was confirmed from the above-mentioned results that mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene filaments are strongly influenced by both MW and MWD, if drawn filaments are prepared under the same conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (670K) -
荒井 健一郎, 荻原 允隆1970 年 26 巻 1 号 p. 11-15
発行日: 1970/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA novel method for separating branches from poly (vinyl acetate) grafted cellulose by cellulase hydrolysis was examined.
Considering the time-course of deactivation of cellulase and competitive inhibition with hydrolyzed products of cellulose, the grafted samples were suffered 12 times to cellulase treatment and acetone extraction, alternately.
The degree of polymerization (DP) obtained at each recovering step showed the leveling-off or slightly falling tendency in the range over 60 per cent of recovered PVAc, while the amount of recovered PVAc, was greatly affected with the percent of grafting of the sample.
From the results obtained, it was concluded that the average DP of PVAc in the copolymer might be identical with that of PVAc obtained by this “alternate cellulase treatment-acetone extraction method”.
This novel method by cellulase hydrolysis may have wide application as a separation method of non-cellulosic material from cellulose-non-cellulosic material mixture, especially when the noncellulosic material is sensitive to ordinary chemicals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (333K) -
正本 順三, 大泉 千尋, 小林 秀彦1970 年 26 巻 1 号 p. 16-22
発行日: 1970/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe fiber forming process of nylon 3 in the wet spinning process was investigated, using formic acid as the solvent and alcohols, esters and ethers as the coagulants. Following results were obtained:
As for the mass transportation in the wet spinning of nylon 3, the solvent (formic acid) diffuses into the coagulant while the coagulant does not permeate into proto-fibers. Thus homogeneously deswelled proto-fibers were obtained.
The maximum draft ratio is mainly affected by three factors, that is to say, coagulation power of a coagulant, molecular weight of the polymer and polymer concentration of the spinning dope. The highest value of the maximum draft ratio is attained in a definite range of the coagulation power of coagulants. By decreasing polymer concentration and molecular weight of the polymer the maximum draft ratio is increased.
Cross sectional shapes of the proto-fibers are mainly affected by coagulation power of the coagulants. When coagulation power is strong, the cross sectional shape of the fibers is changed and when coagulatian power is weak, the cross sections of the fiber were dog-bone-shaped.
As proto-fibers are already crystallized, it is not possible to orientate the prato-fibers by drawing in a coagulation bath.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1770K) -
“硬さ”および複合物理量としての“腰”について大村 寧, 若山 一夫, 井上 友一1970 年 26 巻 1 号 p. 23-31
発行日: 1970/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWe have discussed in our last report1) on the physical properties corresponding to the sensory value “body” of urethane foams, and reported that gradient of compressive stress in the second linear part on S-S curves and elastic modulus of compression have a high correlation to the sensory value.
In this paper, the relation between sensory value “body” and multiple physical properties is presented statistically using a discriminant function analysis. Furthermore, the relation between “hardness” and “body”, which are generally confused, was discussed.
The results obtained as follows:
(1) The sensory value “body” is not so indistinguishable from “hardness” on the handling.
(2) The gradient of compressive stress in the first linear part on S-S curves (Young's Modulus) has resemblance with the sensory value “hardness”.
(3) The following linear discriminant function is given to “body” Z. Z=45.77VP(II)-12.35Mg Where Vp (II) is gradient of compressive stress in the second linear part on S-S curves and Me is the elastic modulus of compression.
(4) The correlation coefficient between the discriment function value (Z) and sensory value “body” are 0.973.
(5) The equation above shows that VP (II) is more affecting to the handling “body” of urethane foams than Me.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (616K) -
大工原 建, 小川 敬之1970 年 26 巻 1 号 p. 32-37
発行日: 1970/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーOur previous papers on this series described the manufacture of the compound filament which consists of cocoon fiber and synthetic one as core. The observation of the cross-section shows that the cocoon fibers are located around the core synthetic filament, being adhered by silk-gum or sericin.
The compound filament must be twisted to cover the weak adhesion of the cocoon and to avoid separation of silk filaments from the core filament during de-gumming.
The aspect of the compound filament resembles a multifilament yarn after twisting and degumming.
In this paper, effects of twisting and de-gumming of the compound filament on the geometrical structure and the cross-sectional shape of the yarn are studied. TETORON (PET filament) is used as the core filament. The results are as follows:
1) The core filament is reduced in length by twisting and de-gumming. When relatively large twist was given to the compound filament, most of the silk filaments are near the core in helical shape.
2) From the change of the length of the core filament, it is possible to know how many twists should previously be given to a compound filament to keep a good contact of the silk filaments to the core filament after de-gumming.
3) The cover-ratio is defined by the ratio of the total length of the parts covered by the silk filaments to the circumference of the core's cross-section. The equation of the cover-ratio is derived under the conditions that all silk filaments are located at the same distance from the center of the core filament and their directions from it are at random.
where Fc′: cover-ratio S: circumferece of the cross section of the core filament s: arc length that one silk filament covers the circumference n: number of the silk filaments
4) The values of cover-ratio measured are generally larger than those calculated from the above equation; especially when the compound filaments are twisted, the cover-ratio become larger, caused by the outer silk filaments thrusting themselves into the inner ones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1207K) -
本宮 達也1970 年 26 巻 1 号 p. 38-50
発行日: 1970/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCotton fabrics were treated with diglycidyl ether (Epoxide I), glycerin diglycidyl ether (Epoxide III), butanediol diglycidyl ether (Epoxide IV), vinylcyclohexene dioxide (Epoxide VII) at low temperatures in the presence of various acidic catalysts and the effects of reaction variables on the degree of reaction and the wrinkle recovery angles were investigated in detail.
When the treatment with various Epoxides was carried out at 40°C in the presence of different amount of magnesium fluoroborate for 4min., the dry and wet wrinkle recovery angles increased with increasing concentration of the catalyst and the degree of reaction, and reached the maximum values (dry, 190; wet, 245_??_275°) at the degree of reaction of 40%, and decreased at higher degrees of reaction. The maximum recovery angles (dry, 215_??_260°; wet, 265_??_290°) were obtained at the degree of reaction of 60_??_80% when the treatment was carried out at 60°C, and the maximum values (dry, 225_??_300°; wet, 295_??_300°) were obtained at the degree of reaction of 75_??_80% when the treatment was done at 80°C. Epoxide I gave higher dry wrinkle recovery angles than other Epoxides did. The treatment at lower temperatures improved the wet recovery much more than the dry recovery. The treatment at higher temperatures improved both dry and wet recoveries.
Solubility and dyeability tests on the treated fabrics indicated the formation of effective crosslinks during the treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (957K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|