学校給食の副食につき一般成分, カルシウム, ビタミン類および必須アミノ酸を定量し, 各栄養素について文部省の示す給食実施基準値と対比して実測値と計算値を比較した。また蛋白質の必須アミノ酸組成を明らかにし理想型と比較した。その結果熱量, 蛋白質, ビタミンB1B2についてはほぼ満足すべきものであったが, 脂肪, ビタミンC, カルシウムについてはかなりの不足がめだった。また必須アミノ酸組成では各献立ともTryptophan, 含硫アミノ酸が少なく, 蛋白質の質的向上の必要を認め, 今後の学校給食においては給食材料の品質管理や献立の立案に考慮すべき点のあることを知った。
終りに臨み本実験のために貴重な試料を御恵与賜わった大阪市教育委員会, ならびに大阪市立集英小学校に厚く感謝の意を表します。また一部定量分析に協力された当所各位の労を謝します。

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In applying the concept of Fundamental Nutrition Coefficient, defined in the report (I), a slide ruler for calculating F.N.C was devised.
It is used conveniently to judge the degree of nutritive satisfaction of diet and to select out nutritious menu.

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slide ruler for E.N. C cost was devised, the prupose of which is to calculate the price of a standard intake unit of typical foodstuffs and dishes with nutritive menu.

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未変敗油, 変敗油で170℃ で3分間, じゃがいも, さつまいも, れんこん, 小麦粉を油揚げを行ない, 脱脂後1%タカジァスターゼ30mlを加え, 40℃ で1時間または3時間消化させ, 澱粉の消化率を比較したが, 変敗油の影響なく, 消化性はほぼ同一であった

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The eating quality of various rices were tested. Rices of superior quality (sticky, offflavor, transparent color) are Norin No.1, Koshihikari, Koshiziwase, Yatikogane, Koshisakae, and those of poor quality (less sticky, less off-flavor, white color) are Norin No.43, Nihonkai, Yoneyama, Shin No.7, Norin No.41, Hokuriku No.52, San-in No.52, Mihonishikiand Tangin.
Results of statistical analysis of the samples barvested in 1958 and 1959 showed that a highlysignificant negative correlation of -0.921 existed between palatability and iodine-starchblue value of the residual cooking liquid. The tests showed a highly significant negativecorrelation of -0.899 between the palatability and total solids in the residual cooking liquidalthough there were exceptions.
Regression lines between cohesiveness of cooked rice and iodine-starch blue value of theresidual cooking liquid were obtained. The line of the 1958 sample showed Y=124.29-209.19X, and that of the 1959 sample showed Y=103.27-194.28X.Standard errors for both regressionlines were very small.

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The savouriness of meat that was produced by treating it with certain proteolytic enzymes was investigated, in special reference to liberation of free amino acids and peptides in themeat, applying the two dimensional paper chromatographic techniques. Tough meat was usedin the experiment and the following results were obtained:
(1) The meat incubated at room temperature always contained 13 ninhydrin-reactivesubstances that were soluble in trichloracetic acid, of which five were due to extremely smallquantities of cystine and asparatic acid and comparatively large amounts of glycine, glutamicacid and alanine. The other eight were presumed to be peptides (Spots No.2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13).
(2) When tough meat was treated with protease Phizopus niveus, the savouriness wasproduced regardless of the quantity of enzymes. The free amino acids were similar to thosefound in (1), but threonine was found in addition. As for peptides, two spots (A and B) other than those in (1) were newly recognized.
(3) When treated with a proper amount of Bromelain, the meat became tenderized and acertain amount of savouriness was produced. However, when the quantity of enzymes wasincreased, the savouriness rather decreased. The amount and kind of amino acids formed therewere approximately the same as in (1). As far as peptides were concerned, a certain onedisappeared while four new ones appeared, compared with (1). When compared with (2), spot (A) was missing, but three new peptides (C, D, E) appeared.

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The formation of the fatty liver, the growth of rats and their nitrogen balance, through the addition of DL-methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, and L-tryptophan to rice protein dietwere investigated.
(1) The rice protein diet with 0.36% DL-methionine caused the fatty liver. The additionof 0.4% L-lysine HCl, 0.3% L-threonine, and 0.1% L-tryptophan promoted the growth andinhibited the formation of the fatty liver.
(2) The content of rice protein had a certain relation with the formation of the fattyliver. But in case of 10% or 15% protein level this was not evident.
(3) The enriched protein content and the improvement of the amino acid compositionin diet were found to increase the nitrogen content in the liver.

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カゼイン蛋白を使用し, メチオニン, スレオニン, リジン, トリプトファンの補足効果について実験を行なった。
カゼイン5%にメチオニン0.25%添加すると発育は促進されるが肝臓中に脂肪が50%も蓄績された。メチオニンスルフォキサイドの添加は成長および肝臓脂肪量などにメチオニンと同じ影響のあることが認められた。カゼインにメチオニンを添加すると脂肪肝を生成するが, さらに, スレオニンを添加すると脂肪肝の生成が抑制されるばかりでなく成長が一層促進された。リジンのみを添加すると発育は却って阻害され, 脂肪肝の生成は促進された。しかし, スレナニン, リソジ, トリプトファンを添加することによってもスレオニン単独添加と全く同じ結果を得た。カゼインの蛋白レベルを高めて10%, 15%として試験したが, 高蛋白レベルに於いては脂肪肝は生成されず, 肝臓の脂肪の蓄積に殆んど差異が認められなかった。しかし, 発育は蛋白レベルを高くすることによって一層促進された。

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(1) 生やさい, および, 乾燥やさいの, 加熱調理液中に溶出した遊離アミノ酸の, イオン交換分離と, ペーパークロマトグラフィーによって定性をおこなった。
(2) J. Awaparaのペーパークロマトグラフィーによるアミノ酸の呈色斑点抽出比色法によって定量した。
(3) その結果, かなりの遊離アミノ酸が, そ菜の煮汁中に溶出していることがみとめられた。本論文の要旨は, 昭和37年5月13日日本栄養・食糧学会総会 (お茶の水女子大学) に於いて発表した。

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戸の農家について, それらのCa, Pの摂取量を, 摂取食品の調査と食品成分表とから求め, その値を実際に食物を分析した値と比較して検討した。また同時に, Caに伴い現在問題になっている, それら食物の90Srの汚染濃度を測定した。その結果は次の通りである。
(1) Caの1人1日あたりの摂取量は, 実測値の方が計算値よりも高い値を示した。しかし, いずれもその所要量には及ばない。
(2) 朝, 昼, 晩と毎食ごとのCa摂取量も, やはり実測値の方が計算値よりも高い。が, Pは逆の関係を示した。
(3) Ca, Pを主食と副食とに分けてみると, 主食から摂取されるCaは一定しているが, その量は少ない。副食からかなり多く供給されるが, 変動が大きい。Pもだいたい同様な傾向であるが, その量はいずれもCaより多く, しかも変動がいちじるしい。
(4) Caと同時にそれら食品の90Srの汚染濃度を測定した。1日あたりの量はいずれも10SU内外であった。

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After frying pieces of sweet potatoes and onions five times at intervals of a week with the commercial soybean oil, TBA, carbonyl, acid and peroxide values of the oils were measuredand also these were compared with those of fresh oil.
Any of these values did not vary linearly, but now decreased and then increased. Accordingto the above results, these testing method seemed not to be appropriate to know the gradeof rancidity of oils which were heated on cooking.

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加工食品にふくまれる油脂の過酸化物について検討し, つぎの結果を得た。
(1) 即席ラーメン類は沃素価の低い油を10%以上ふくんでいた。本油は添加時よりこの程度の沃素価のものと思われ, したがって油も酸化しにくく問題はないようである。
(2) チーズクラッカー, バターピーナツ, ポテトチップス, かりん糖などにはかなり酸化した油をふくむものがあった。
(3) 含油量の多い魚でつくった干物はいずれも多くの過酸化物をふくんでいた。

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The change of DHA (dehydroacetic acid) which had been added to the processed cheese as a fungistat was investigated. The results indicated that the recovery rate of DHA from cheese decreased with the days of storage and that DHA changed to an unidentified comp ound.
The compound reacted with FeCl³ and gave brown coloration as same as DHA, while it did not react with Dragendolf's reagent and did not form a Cu-complex.
It was necessary to acidify the cheese with acetic acid before the extraction of DHA with chloroform, because DHA-Na was insoluble in chloroform. The recovery of DHA increased about 50% by the acidification.

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Main protein source of Japanese breakfast is rice and soybean, sometimes with fish, andth at of Western countries bread and milk, sometimes with meat.
To compare the nutritive value of these mixed proteins, forty-eight male albino rats weredi vided into six groups and fed the following diets as protein source;
Group A, rice protein; Group B, rice and soybean protein; Group C, rice, bean andf ish protein; Group D, wheat protein; Group E, wheat and milk protein; Group F, wheat, milk and meat protein.
After 5 weeks-feeding following results were obtained:
1) An effect on growth (increase of weight) was in the order of group F, E, C and B, butthe differe nces were not statistically significant. Group A and D showed significantly lower results.
2) The weights of liver of groups A and D were lower than those of the other four groups, and among latters there were no differences. The activity of liver xanthine oxidase wash ighest in group F, followed by E, C and B. Group A and D showed lowest activity. Theactivity of liver transaminase was highest in group F, followed by C, and that of group Aand D was the lowest.
3) There were no differences in hemogl obin content of blood among five groups except group D, which showed an anemic state.

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普通米, アリアケおよびベニセンゴクについて, それらの苗成育および種子成熟過程における遊離アミノ酸の分布状況を, イオン交換樹脂およびPCを用いて追跡し, また遊離アミノ酸含有量の変化状況はJ. AwaparaのPCによるアミノ酸の呈色斑抽出比色法を用いて定量した。成育過程における普通米苗および成熟過程における普通米種子中の遊離アミノ酸は不変のものでなく, 成育および成熟の段階がすすむに伴って, その種類および含有量に変化を生じることが認められた。
本研究にあたり, 有益な助言と実験上の便宜を与えられた本学の教授伊勢田駿, 九谷昇, 山田晃の各博士および光学的測定に便宜を与えられた熊本逓信病院臨床検査室主任竹屋医博および貴重な研究資料を御恵与頂いた熊本県立農事試験場の江藤慶一技師および伊藤延久技師の方々に厚く御礼を申し上げる。

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なすおよびにがうりの苗成育および果菜成熟過程における遊離アミノ酸の分布状況を, イオン交換樹脂およびPCを用いて追跡し, アミノ酸含有量の変化状況はJ. AwaparaのPCによるアミノ酸の呈色斑抽出比色法を用いて定量を行なつた。苗成育および果菜成熟過程における遊離アミノ酸は不変のものでなく, 成育および成熟の段階がすすむにつれて, その種類および含有量に変化を生じることが認められた。
本実験にあたり, 有益な助言と便宜を与えられた本学教授九谷昇, 伊勢田駿, 山田晃の各博士および光学的測定に便宜を与えられた熊本逓信病院臨床検査室主任竹屋医博の方々に厚く感謝の意を表する。

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The growth promoting activity of a little dose of TATD on young small rats and curative effect of the minimum amount of TATD on thiamine deficient rats were examined. And it may well be said that the biological thiamine activity of the minimum amount of TATD is found to be equal to that of equi-molecular amount of thiamine hydrochloride.
When a large amount of TATD was given to the rats orally, predominant and continuo us increase of thiamine contents of principal organs and a high urinary excretion ratio were observed. It was assured that absorption rate of TATD from intestine was excellently higher than that of common thiamine hydrochloride.
Incubating 35S (lipoic acid labelled)-TATD with heparinized human blood and washing with human plasm, thiamine content and specific radioactivity of blood cells and the rinsings were estimated. As the results, it was supposed that thiamine part of TATD was concentrated and remained in blood cells and lipoic acid derivative part was rapidly reprojected into plasm.
When a large amount of 35S-TATD was injected intravenously to the rats, increases of thiamine content and specific radioactivity of several organs were examined. And it was ascertained that TATD devided into thiamine part and lipoic acid derivative part promptly, and thiamine part had a great affinity for liver, kidney and heart, and lipoic acid derivative part had it for liver and kidney, and both parts acted separately and characteristically in the organism, and lipoic acid derivative part was excreted more rapidly than the other part into the urine.

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The rats were given the synthetic diet of several kinds of carbohydrate instead of starch, such as sucrose, maltose, glucose, fructose, sorbose, xylose, lactose or mannose, whichwasc omposed of casein 20%, starch 68%, salt mixture 4%, soy-bean oil 5.5% and cod liveroil2.5%, and water-soluble vitamins were given orally in sufficie nt daily doses. The following was the result.
(I) Due to hydrolysis of the digestive enzyme, carbohydrates (sucrose, maltose and starch) changed into glucose and fructose, enabling the intestinal canal to absorb them And the following is obtained on the above carbohydrates.
Development and food intake of the rats were very good.
Blood sugar level, serum protein contents and its electroph oretic pattern and hemoglobinv alue were normal.
(II) On the monosaccharide (sorbose and xylose), which is found in nature only in very small quantity as such, the quantity absorbed fro m daily food is very little. Thenoticeable findings were observed.
a) Development and appetite of the rats were disturbed.
b) The rats looked healthy but died suddenly in a few days. Before their deaths, thebl ood sugar level fell to about 50mg%.
c) Serum protein contents, hemoglobin value and red blood cell count showed an increase The authors believe that these increases are due to the concentrationofblood.
(III) On the lactose and mannose, values between (I) and (II) were observed About half of the rats died after a few days in about two weeks, and on the rats that were alive, centred around the caecum, their ileum and colon were very much enlarged.

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