巻号一覧
36 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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福岡 登久治1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. P349-P355
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (434K) -
前田 栄雄1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. P356-P360
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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平川 芳彦1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. P361-P364
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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大江 昭二郎1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. P365-P373
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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日比 貞雄, 藤田 健一, 前田 松夫, 柿沢 伴紀, 今田 一男, 滝野 孔延1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. T371-T382
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーEffects of the rolling conditions (draw ratio, rolling temperature, rolling method etc.) on the orientational behaviour of crystallites and on the appearance of double texture, that is, the orthorhombic crystal and the monoclinic or twinned crystal, are investigated in terms of the pole figure obtained from x-ray diffraction measurement.
The main results are as follows:
(i) The sample rolled up to 2.0 of the draw ratio at 90-100°C shows the double texture of the twinned crystal.
(ii) The monoclinic crystal appears in the sample drawn with the mixing roller at 40°C. The m (001) of the monoclinic crystal is parallel to the o (110) plane of the orthorhombic matrix and reverts to the o (110) plane by annealing in stretched state at 100-110°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4190K) -
蟹江 照行1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. P374-P379
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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佐藤 昭久, 加藤 勝, 藤江 栄一1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. P380-P385
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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黒川 正隆, 野原 伸生, 小西 孝1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. T383-T388
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe change of structures upon twisting oriented nylon filaments has been investigated with light and scanning electron microscopy. When the twisted filaments are untwisted above 100°C, oblique kink bands are produced on the surface of the filaments. They incline about 20 degrees to the fibril at advanced sides towards the direction of untwisting. When the twist strain (number of turns of twist/cm) becomes very large, fine bands are produced first perpendicularly to the filament axis in the surface layer, and then oblique kink bands appear as the untwisting proceeds. When the filament is twisted and untwisted towards Z direction after repeatedly twisting in S direction, step-like fine structures with strong S kink bands and fine Z kink bands are observed in its surface layer. As the temperature of twisting and untwisting decreases, the kink bands disappear and are replaced by the transverse lines in the surface layer. When the filament is twisted and untwisted at room temperature no structural change can be observed in the surface.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3992K) -
野飼 享1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. T389-T396
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper describes the procedure to calculate the effective thermal conductivity of unidirectionally oriented fiber assemblies. The procedure takes account of not only the heat conduction but also the heat radiation with the use of shape factors described in the previous paper. Numerical computation gave the following conclusions:
(1) The temperature distribution in a fiber assembly is linear if the heat transfer in the assembly takes place only by heat conduction But if the heat radiation works, the distribution becomes nonlinear in the region, where the heat radiation is effective.
(2) The results of the numerical computation for the effective thermal conductivity of a fiber assembly show that the present method can well reproduce the dependence of the effective thermal conductivity on the volumetric ratio of fiber in the assembly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (615K) -
高橋 璋, 高橋 史朗1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. T397-T402
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe photo-induced graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate onto 2, 3-dicarboxy cellulose was carried out in aqueous systems using a quartz and a pyrex tube. The total conversion and the degree of grafting increase with an increase of the carboxyl group content in the cellulose, and reached a levelling-off value at approximately 10 mmol carboxyl group. Grafting efficiency was 90-95%. When the cellulose was treated with sodium borohydride, the degree of grafting and the apparent numbers of grafted chains decreased. The degree of grafting and the molecular weight of grafted chains increased with increasing monomer concentration. The apparent activation energy of graft polymerization onto the celluloses with the carboxyl group contents of 6.8, 18.1 and 55.0 mmol/100g sample were 11.4, 7.3 and 1.1 kcal/mol, respectively.
From these results, it is considered that the graft polymerization proceeds mainly via the photolysis of carboxyl groups in the cellulose by the light with the wavelength above 300 nm. On irradiation with the light with the wave length above 253 nm, however, grafting onto the end group, due to the chain scission of the cellulose molecules, concurrently occurred. Termination proceeded by the coupling between the growing polymer radical and cellulose radical, and was accelerated by raising the temperature of the reaction and by irradiation with the light of 253 nm.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (363K) -
渡辺 敬, 森田 紀美, 津脇 弘子1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. T403-T408
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCotton, wool, silk and rayon textiles were deteriorated by microorganisms. Six strains of Aspergillus genus (A. flavus, A. sojae, A. niger) and Penicillium genus (P. notatum, P. chrysogenum, P. frequentans) were used as the microorganisms. The microbes were incubated with Czapek-Dox agar slant medium, Pfeffer agar slant medium and the modified mediums. The textile fabrics for the test were exposed to the culture of the microbes and the morphological changes were observed.
Four stages of deterioration were recognized in the cotton. In the first stage (plate 1) the deconvolution of the cotton fiber and the slight swelling were observed in the fiber with the erosion of the surface. In the second stage (plate 2) the swelling became greater and the splits along the axis of the fiber took place. The cotton fiber in the third stage (plate 3) showed an extreme swelling and a striped pattern in the fiber was noticed. In the fourth stage (plate 4) fibrils of the fiber became disassembled and began to break. In the wool three stages were observed in the deterioration. The first stage (plate 5) was the erosion of the surface structure (scale tissue). In the second stage (plate 6) the sheaf of the spindle cortical cells began to split and the wool fiber began to swell. By the erosion of cortex, the spindle cortical cells were separated with one another and the breaking of the fiber took place as plate 7 (the third stage). In the silk fiber two stages of deterioration were observed.
The swelling of the fiber with the erosion of the surface and the splits along the axis were seen in the first stage (plate 8). In the second stage the silk has been broken with the extreme swelling (plate 9). In the rayon fiber two stages of deterioration were observed. The swelling of the fiber with the erosion of the surface and the splits along the axis were seen in the first stage (plate 10). In the second stage (plate 11) the rayon fiber was broken. Plates 12 to 15 show the controls of the four textiles.
All the six strains of the microorganisms mentioned above deteriorate the four textiles by the enzymes (cellulases and proteases) produced by the microorganisms.
The textiles were deteriorated morphologically in the case of the culture with the insufficient nutrients medium. But the time for the deterioration became longer than that with the sufficient medium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2954K) -
渡辺 敬, 宮崎 こずえ1980 年 36 巻 9 号 p. T409-T415
発行日: 1980/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAcetate, acrylic, polyamide and polyester textiles were deteriorated by microorganisms. We used the same microorganisms and culture mediums as described the preceding paper: six strains of Aspergillus genus (A. flavus, A. sojae, A. niger) and Penicillium genus (P. notatum, P. chrysogenum, P. frequentans). The microbes were incubated with Czapek-Dox agar slant medium, Pfeffer agar slant medium and their modified mediums. The textile fabrics for the test were exposed to the cultures of the microbes and the morphological changes were observed.
Acetate and acrylic textiles were generally deteriorated more easily than polyamide and polyester ones. Three stages of morphological deterioration were observed in the acetate. The threadlike propagation of the microbe in the fiber and the slight swelling were recognized in the first stage (plate 1, 2, 5). In the second stage the acetate suffered the extreme swelling (plate 3, 4, 6). The fiber was degraded thoroughly in the third stage (plate 7). Each strain of Penicillium caused stronger deterioration (swelling) than that of Aspergillus. Plate 8 shows the control of acetate fiber. In the acrylic fiber three stages were observed. The erosion at the surface and the splits along the axis of the fiber were perceived in the first stage (plate 9). In the second stage (plate 10, 11, 12) the splits grew and caused local breaks. The splits ran extensively over the surface of the fiber. As the result the fiber was broken as shown in plate 13 (the third stage). Plate 14 shows the control of acrylic fiber. The deterioration of fibers was observed for all the six strains. These microbes propagated particularly in the splits. The deterioration of polyamide proceeded in the two stages. In the first stage (plate 15) the fiber swelled locally by the erosion. The swelling extreme and the partial breaking occurred as plate 16 (the second stage). The deterioration of polyamide was caused much in the case of the strains of Aspergillus and the use of the insufficient nutrients medium. The deterioration of polyester fiber was similar to the polyamide. The fiber suffered the deterioration by microbes of Penicillium.
The deterioration of these textiles is considered to be by the enzymes produced by the microorganisms.
The textiles were deteriorated in the culture with the insufficients nutrients mediums.
The deterioration of semi-synthetic (acetate) and synthetic (acrylic, polyamide, polyester) textiles was more difficult than that of natural (cotton, wool, silk) and regenerated (rayon) textiles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4809K)
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