繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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56 巻, 5 号
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  • Molecular Orientation of Amphiphilic Block Copolymer of Poly(peptide-co-ethylene glycol) at Air-Water Interface
    Tomikiyo Doi, Takatoshi Kinoshita, Yoshiharu Tsujita, Hiroaki Yoshimiz ...
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2000 年 56 巻 5 号 p. 221-226
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.221
    ジャーナル フリー
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    An amphiphilic block copolymer of poly(L-leucine-co-ethylene glycol)(PLeu40-PEG114) was prepared and spread at an air-water interface to form a stable monolayer. α-helical conformation of PLeu segment of the block copolymer in the monolayer was confirmed by the circular dichroism (CD) and FT-IR measurements. The surface pressure-area (π-A) isotherm of the monolayer indicated that the α-helix rod of the PLeu segment oriented slightly normal to the air-water interface by increasing the surface pressure of the monolayer. The PLeu40-PEG114 monolayer could be transferred on the Au surface, and the molecular orientation of PLeu helix rods was estimated by FT-IR reflection absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR/RAS) measurements. As a result, it was also confirmed that α-helix rod of the block copolymer oriented slightly normal to the Au surface. Therefore, PEG segment in the block copolymer was essential for the tilting of the PLeu helix rod at the interface, however, which may act in turn as a fault for the further standing of helix rod by the additional compression of the monolayer.
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  • Electron Beam Graft-Polymerization on Inert Polymer Membranes and Introduction of Thiol Group on the Grafted Side Chains
    Koji Miyazaki, Kenji Hisada, Teruo Hori
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2000 年 56 巻 5 号 p. 227-233
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.227
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    Applying the electron beam-preirradiation method, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) or its mixture with 2-hydroxyethyl methaclylate (HEMA) was grafted onto some inert polymer membranes such as polypropylene (PP), poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene)(PTFE). The epoxide rings of the graft chains were converted to chloride by reacting with HCl and then to -SH by reacting with NaSH. These membranes were analyzed by several methods and the metal ion sorption ability of the membranes was investigated. Consequently the following results were obtained; 1) PP and PVDF membranes could be easily grafted and the degree of grafting could be varied from a little % to approximately 1, 000% by changing the monomer concentration and the reaction time after EB-irradiation. In the case of PTFE membrane the degree of grafting was 40% even under the optimum condition. 2) The content of thiol group could be varied from 0.3 to 3.6mmol/g membrane. In spite of heterogeneous reaction the conversion efficiency of epoxide ring to -SH group was very high up to 66∼77% even under the mild condition such as at 323K. 3) The content of residual free-SH group in the NaSH-treated graft membranes was relatively low. It can be explained by the fact that the most of introduced -SH groups were combined to each other to form disulfide bonds by air oxidation. In contrast with these membranes, membranes grafted with a mixture of GMA/HEMA(45/55) possessed ca. 25mol% free -SH groups. 4) The -SH and -SS- introduced membranes showed selectively metal ion sorption ability, hence, extremely high sorption for Au ion.
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  • ケナフ紙購入を事例とする企業のグリーン調達意識の定量化分析
    田口 誠
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2000 年 56 巻 5 号 p. 234-240
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.234
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Recently, environmental strategy is considered to be the important management strategy for the firms. With an increase in the number of environmentally conscious consumers, green consuming movement starts to be observed in some cases. On the other hand, most of firms do not seem to give much attention to the green procurement on the materials that are not directly related to the products they produce and sell to customers. However, it is socially desirable that the firms attempt to reduce environmental load in various aspects. In this study, Conjoint Analysis is used to quantify firm’s WTP (Willingness to Pay) for the environmentally better goods by taking the example of paper made from Kenaf. As a result, most firms are not willing to pay higher price to Kenaf paper. This result is quite different from the consumer case where the similar questionnaire survey was conducted in [1].
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  • Properties of a Core-Sheath Conjugate Fiber Composed of Poly(butylene terephthalate) and Poly(L-lactic acid)
    Ahmed El-Salmawy, Yoshiharu Kimura
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2000 年 56 巻 5 号 p. 241-248
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.241
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    A new core-sheath conjugate fiber was developed by combining poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) as the sheath and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) as the core. The tensile strength of the conjugate fiber was found to increase with increasing melt-draw ratio and PBT composition at a constant draw ratio. SEM observation of the conjugate fiber revealed that the PBT core fiber could be pulled out from the PLLA sheath to leave smooth surfaces on both sides. DSC and WAXS data of the drawn conjugate fiber suggested that only PBT had been crystallized in the core without crystallization of PLLA in the sheath. It was therefore considered that the crystallization of PLLA was hindered by a strong stress that was applied by the crystal orientation of PBT through the interface of the two polymers in contact. The PLLA sheath of the conjugate fiber was readily removed by alkali treatment to obtain the PBT core fiber although its strength became slightly lower than that of the original conjugate fiber. This alkali treatment of the conjugate fiber can give an environmentally friendly process for the denier-decreasing treatment of polyester fiber, because the hydrolysis product, that is L-lactic acid salt, can readily be assimilated into carbon dioxide and water in environment.
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  • A Simple and Facile Method for Triphenylmethylation of Cellulose in a Solution of Lithium Chloride in N, N-dimethylacetamide
    Natsuki Kasuya, Atsushi Sawatari
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2000 年 56 巻 5 号 p. 249-253
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.249
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    Triphenylmethylcellulose prepared in a solvent system containing lithium chloride and dimethylacetamide yielded products for which ds values of 1.00 were calculated even when the reaction temperature was only 60°C. The ds values calculated when the reaction temperature was 100°C were much greater than 1.00, indicating extensive substitution at positions other than C-6. Both ds and yield decreased with increasing reaction time, suggesting that both depolymerization and detritylation occured. Methylation analysis revealed that substitution proceeded mainly at C-6 but also proceeded at C-3. With this technique, tritylation can be undertaken without pretreating the starting materials.
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  • Biodegradation of PVAs with Various Stereoregularities
    Ryohei Fukae, Koji Nakata, Masahiro Takeo, Tohei Yamamoto, Osamu Sange ...
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2000 年 56 巻 5 号 p. 254-258
    発行日: 2000年
    公開日: 2001/10/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.254
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Biodegradation of poly(vinyl alcohol) with high syndiotacticity (s-PVA) was studied under the presence of Pseudomonas sp. as a bacterium. The effects of stereoregularity of s-PVA on its biodegradability were evaluated compared to PVA homologs, i.e. atactic PVA (a-PVA) and isotactic PVA (i-PVA). Changes in total organic carbon concentration (TOC) in PVA cultures with incubation time were checked, and pentad tacticity was estimated by 13C NMR analysis for tacticity contents of degraded PVA. TOC in i-PVA culture decreased rapidly in early stage of the incubation. Sixty-two percent of initial amounts of i-PVA was assimilated in 12 days of incubation. On the contrary, only 13% of the initial amounts of s-PVA was assimilated even after 20 days of incubation. Little changes were observed in 1H NMR spectrum of s-PVA compared with that of a-PVA or i-PVA after the incubations. It was obviously confirmed in the present work that mmmm sequence is especially subject to degradation in meso sequences on the basis of 13C NMR analysis and the enzyme engaged in this degradation should have a sequence selectivity at pentad level. Experimental results supports the view that i-PVA having a number of long meso sequences should be susceptible to biodegradation, and s-PVA should not so.
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