繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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57 巻, 6 号
Biomaterials
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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時評
特集　セルロース研究・技術の新しい時代
解説
連載　最新の繊維技術レビュー
一般報文
  • チタンテトライソプロポキシドを含むポリブチレンサクシネート／セルロースアセテートブレンド物の構造と特性
    上坂 貴宏, 小形 信男, 中根 幸治, 荻原 隆
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    専門分野: 情報学
    2001 年 57 巻 6 号 p. 165-171
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2002/06/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.165
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The blend films of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and cellulose triacetate (CTA) were prepared by using the solvent-cast technique. Chloroform was used as a co-solvent and tetraisopropyl titanate (TP) was used as a compatibilizer. Homogeneous blend films were obtained over a wide range of composition. The effects of the addition of TP on the structure and properties of the blend films have been investigated with FT-IR, DSC, TGA, DMA and so on. As results, we have the following conclusions: (i) the addition of TP inhibits the crystallization of PBS molecules in the CTA matrix, (ii) the addition of TP decreases the thermal decomposition temperatures of blend films, (iii) the addition of TP does not influence the mechanical properties of the blend films, and (iv) the addition of TP accelerates the hydrolysis of blend films.
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  • Alkaline Hydrolysis of Solution-Grown Poly(L-lactic acid) Single Crystals
    Tadahisa Iwata, Yoshiharu Doi
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2001 年 57 巻 6 号 p. 172-177
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2002/06/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.172
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The changes in morphology and crystalline state of solution-grown single crystals of poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) in aqueous NaOH solution of various strengths were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The degradations of hexagonal and lozenge shaped PLLA single crystals started from the lateral side of the crystal to generate the notched morphology at initial stage of hydrolysis. As hydrolysis proceeded, the molecular weight of degraded PLLA crystals corresponded to equal the value calculated from lamellar thickness measured by atomic force microscopy, suggesting that the tight chain-folding region of PLLA molecules on crystal surface was degraded by alkaline hydrolysis. Based on the results, alkaline hydrolysis with NaOH solution firstly occurs at the loosely chain-packing region on crystal edges, and then gradually progresses from both crystal edges and tight chain-packing region with chain-folding on the crystal surface.
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  • Enzymatic Degradation of Melt-Spun Fibers from Poly(butylene succinate) Copolyesters with Terephthalic Acid
    Minoru Nagata, Hirokazu Goto, Wataru Sakai, Naoto Tsutsumi, Hideki Yam ...
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2001 年 57 巻 6 号 p. 178-183
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2002/06/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.178
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Poly(butylene succinate) copolyesters with terephthalic acid (T) were melt-spun into monofilaments, subsequently were drawn with draw ratio of 2-6 times. The structure and properties of these drawn fibers were examined by wide angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The enzymatic degradation of these fibers was performed in a buffer solution with Rhizopus delemar lipase at 37°C and evaluated by weight loss, SEM observation and tensile strength retention. The copolyester with 17 mol % of T component (T-17) fiber drawn with draw ratio of 6 times at 40°C showed the much higher degradation rate than poly(butylene succinate) and the copolyester with 52 mol % of T component (T-52) fibers. Tensile strength of T-17 fiber was decreased appreciably at the initial stage of the enzymatic degradation. The degradation rate of T-17 fiber was remarkably decreased with increasing the draw ratio of the fibers due to the increase in crystallinity and the development of orientation in the amorphous region.
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  • Enzymatic Degradation and Adsorption on Solution-Grown Lamellar Crystals of Poly(β-propiolactone) with an Extracellular PHB Depolymerase
    Yukiko Furuhashi, Tadahisa Iwata, Yoshiharu Doi
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2001 年 57 巻 6 号 p. 184-190
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2002/06/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.184
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Solution-grown lamellar crystals of poly(β-propiolactone) (PPL) were hydrolyzed by polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB) depolymerase from Alcaligenes faecalis T1. The enzymatic degradation process of the lath-shaped crystals was visualized by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The molecular weight change during enzymatic degradation was measured by gel permeation chromatography. The enzymatic degradation progressed from the edges of lath-shaped crystals to yield a serrated outline. Lamellar thickness and molecular weight of the crystals almost remained unchanged during the enzymatic hydrolysis. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the chain-folding structure on the crystal surface remained intact during degradation by polyethylene decoration method. Adsorption of enzyme molecules on crystal surface was observed using an immuno-gold labeling technique. Based on these results, it was concluded that the adsorption of enzymes occurs unselectively on the chain-folding surfaces, but the degradation occurs only from the edges. Comparison of the degradation and adsorption mechanism is made with the representative biodegradable polyester, poly[R]-3-hydroxybutyrate) lamellar crystals.
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  • Synthesis and characterization of a novel rac-PHB derivative containing α-malate units
    Shigehiro Hiki, Ikuo Taniguchi, Masatoshi Miyamoto, Yoshiharu Kimura
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2001 年 57 巻 6 号 p. 191-197
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2002/06/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.191
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The ring-opening copolymerization of [RS]-β-butyrolactone (βBL) and 3-(S)-[(benzyloxycarbonyl)methyl]-1, 4-dioxane-2, 5-dione (BMD) was conducted in the bulk at relatively low BMD/BL ratios with a distannoxane as the catalyst. The resulting copolymer was a terpolymer consisting of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), glycolate (G), and benzyl-L-α- malate (M) repeating units, with a copolymer composition being almost identical to the monomer feed ratio. It was then subjected to hydrogenolysis at atmospheric pressure in the presence of a palladium on charcoal catalyst to remove the pendant benzyl group of the M unit quantitatively. The deprotected copolymer, having carboxyl functionalities as pendants, was reached with 1, 4-dibromobutane for its crosslinking through the pendant carboxyl group of malate units. These results revealed that this malate-containing [RS]-PHB has high potential for use as biodegradable elastomer that can be crosslinkable.
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ノート
  • In Vitro Hydrolysis of Blends from Enantiomeric Poly(lactide)s.
    Hideto Tsuji, Masakazu Suzuki
    原稿種別: scientific monograph
    専門分野: Infomation Science
    2001 年 57 巻 6 号 p. 198-202
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2002/06/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.57.198
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Well-stereocomplexed 1:1 fiber and film were prepared from poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) by the melt-spinning and hot-drawing and the solution-casting methods, respectively, and their hydrolysis in phosphate-buffered solution (pH 7.4) at 37°C was investigated. The decrease rates of weight remaining, tensile strength, elongation-at-break, and melting temperature (Tm) during hydrolysis were higher for the fiber than for the film. The accelerated hydrolysis of the fiber was ascribed to the high concentrations of the catalytic oligomers and monomers during hydrolysis, resulting from their high initial concentration caused by thermal degradation during melt-spinning and hot-drawing and from their retarded elution from the fiber due to the bulky microscopic shape. The changes in Tm, crystallinity, and weight remaining suggest that the hydrolysis of the fiber proceeds mainly via bulk erosion mechanism, that the chain cleavage of the fiber occurred in the crystalline region and at the folding surface as well as in the other amorphous region, and that lamella thickening of the film took place without significant chain cleavage in the crystalline region and at folding surface.
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