A disaster prevention road, which is used also for a fire prevention zone, is thought as one of the important countermeasures from the point of view of civil engineers. The plan of the disaster prevention road, the location of which minimizes the area burned under some constraint condition, can be made in the following order; (1) formulation of alternative plans, (2) fire simulation against each alternative plan, (3) evaluation of the area burned in each alternative plan and selection of the optimum solution. The fire prevention roads on Mt. Kaneko, in Niihama city, are employed as an example of the decision procedures taken in planning a fire prevention road. Four kinds of the countermeasures placing the disaster prevention road within the forest are proposed and are evaluated by use of the forest fire simulation model. The effect of the constraint condition on the result of simulation is also scrutinized. Finally a guide to planning disaster prevention roads is proposed.

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In this paper, we discuss the Decision-making of Individual behavioral based on the Conjoint analysis. The Conjoint analysis is the approach that applies the theory of the Conjoint-measurement on the mathematical psychology of consumer preference. The Conjoint analysis can estimate the individual partworth that reproduce the ordered relation from given Rank-ordered data.
This paper takes up the Conjoint analysis based on the stochastics utility theory, that is, extending the Conjoint-logit model. We applied the Conjoint-logit model to the decision making of modal choice for commutation trip and confirmed that the Conjoint-logit model becomes a very useful method to the decision making of individual behavioral.

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After World War II, many urban core areas have been undergoing re-formation in Japanese Metropolitan Areas. To activate these urban core areas, it is necessary to gather many people, who stay in the area, for shopping, pleasure, and so on. Though there are many alternative projects to activate areas, their accurate effect for the behaviour of people have not yet been clarified. In this paper, the behaviour of people is analysed from a standpoint of the activation of urban core areas. Especially, important factors for decision of destination and staying time are pointed out by using basic mathematical models.

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Interests in residential environment have been raising with raising of subsistence level in recent years. In this needs, urban redevelopment requires to improve the infrastructures to rise the amenity of the environment.
The purpose of this study is to establish an evaluation model of the residential environment, and to propose improvement guidelines in the future. This paper has three steps:
The first step is to find a evaluation system of the residential environment with AHP (Analytic Hierarcy Process). The second is to quantify the amenity of the residential environment, using of Fuzzy Theory. The third is to examine the relation between the amenity and urban improvement with the comparison, and to propose improvement guidelines.
Finally, this study shows that Fuzzy Theory is effective to evaluate the residential environment. And the result of applying this evaluation method to Tokyo area is that improvement districts before the WW2, where the environment level have been declining in recent years, strictly need urban redevelopment, and that the amenity is strongly influenced by the ratio of green coverage, and future redevelopment should be with increasing green areas and securing open spaces.

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There has been six soil bearing capacity [=s. b. c.] of the earth in Sapporo City: A, B, C, D, E, F in good order of the earth.
(1) The previous term: —Sapporo City located on better earth of B, it developed on the earth of B and neighbor D.
(2) The middle term: —component of B decreased rapidly, and D, E, F increased instead of B.
(3) The latter term: —components of E, F more increased, components of C, A appeared in each 2%. First and secondary s. b. c. had been B, D from the previous to this term.
(4) The recent term: —component of E especially increased. First and secondary s. b. c. dumped rank down to each D, E, and the dominant s. b. c. of urbanizing trend was E, F.

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In recent years a large number of models have been developed to make up the actual OD matrix more precise from traffic counts. An important aspect of the model is the precision of the estimated OD matrix. Because traffic counts are generally not enough to identify the actual OD matrix, it is necessary to evaluate the accuracy of the estimated one. This paper presents some theoretical investigations into the reliability of the estimated OD matrix employing the concept of Maximum Possible Relative Error (MPRE). It is shown that the MPRE can be formulated as a simple quadratic programming problem. The proposed MPRE shows the upper bound for the real relative error and plays an important role in the reliability evaluation of the estimated OD matrix.

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There have been several studies for the estimation of trip distributions in the area using the observed link-flow. The accuracy of the estimation much depends upon the location and the number of the traffic counting in the network. In this paper, two methods are proposed, which enable us to extract the effective links for the estimation of trip distributions. One of them is the method for direct estimation of trip distributions, named “OD-covering method”, and the other is the method through the estimation of trip generations, named “zone-covering method”. These methods are applied to the trunk road network in Fukuoka City, and using the observed volume of the links included in the solution, the results of the estimation are accurate enough to be used.

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Rural depopulation problems in Japan are caused by excess of out-migration from rural areas. The out/in-migration of a person from a rural area is based on the evaluation of his/her life environment. Its process is dynamic and different from each other according to his/her life cycle stage and individual attributes. The effects of countermeasures for rural depopulation problems should be estimated by amount of out/in-migration through such decision making process. Standing on these viewpoints, we have developed a Dynamic Out/In Migration Model by using Dimension-Nested and Time-Nested Logit Model.

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A new proposal for project scheduling (FPERT) is introduced, which tries to implement the concept of fuzziness in the estimation of the project duration. A mathematical linear programming model with multiple objectives is formulated, based on the optimization of the whole project duration, with either the earliest or the latest scheduling time of project activities.
To guarantee the possibility of execution of the considered schedule under the uncertainty, a concept of control of the value of membership function is also proposed. By increasing or decreasing this membership function, the project scheduling may be controled.

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The dynamic equilibrium assignment model dealing with an oversaturated network is here simplified by several assumptions such as uniform arrivals and departures at bottlenecks in order to easily analyse the formulation and the uniqueness of the solution. Based on the simplified model, it is concluded that the dynamic equilibrium assignment cannot be generally converted to the optimization problem as in the static assignment, since the objective function is hardly defined except for some special networks. Instead, the variational inequalities are formulated using route variables (route flows and costs). However, in general, the VI formulation with link variables is riot feasible. As an example illustrates, the route cost function is not monotonically increasing in route flows, which implies that a unique set of the equilibrium route flows would not be always expected.

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