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Volume 46, Issue 9
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Toshiyuki FUKAZAWA1975 Volume 46 Issue 9 Pages 501-508
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (714K) -
Tae Song Kon, Iwao TASAKI1975 Volume 46 Issue 9 Pages 509-514
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the effect of dietary fatty acids on fatty acid distribution in adipose pads and superficial pectoral muscle of chicks, the present experiment was carried out using single comb White Leghorn male chicks fed a fat-free diet and diets containing stearic, linoleic or margaric acids. Total lipids of tissues were extracted with a chloroform-methanol solution. The lipid components were fractionated by thin layer chromatography and the fatty acid distribution of lipid fractions was determined by gas liquid chromatography. The neck adipose pads contained 34-62% total lipids, in which triglycerides were dominant, being 97-98%. Stearic, linoleic and margaric acids were distributed at a relatively high rate in the adipose tissue when the corresponding acids were fed, and linoleic acid feeding elevated stearic acid distribution and margaric acid feeding lowered palmitic acid distribution. The wet superficial pectoral muscle contained 1.3-1.7% total lipids, of which 77-79%was phospholipids and 11-13% was free cholesterol. When linoleic acid was fed, this acid was significantly highly distributed in every muscle lipid fractions, whereas, when stearic acid was fed no elevation of stearic acid distribution was observed. When margaric acid was fed, margaric and heptadecenoic acids appeared in the muscle lipids. In the muscle phospholipids, oleic acid was significantly highly distributed in the stearic acid fed chicks, and the linoleic acid feeding significantly lowered the distribution value of palmitic and oleic acids, but elevated the distribution value of stearic acid. Eicosatrienoic and arachidonic acids were detected in the muscle phospholipids, and especially the linoleic acid feeding lowered the distribution value of eicosatrienoic acid and elevated the distribution value of arachidonic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (483K) -
Fumio OHTAKA, Masakatsu ISAKA, Kiyomi NAGAYAMA, Ushio SHIMIZU, Hiroshi ...1975 Volume 46 Issue 9 Pages 515-521
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe abilities of Serratia liquefaciens, Hafnia sp., Lactobacillus sp. I and Lactobacillus sp. II to grow at low temperatures(-2-6°C)were investigated. The organisms used were chosen to represent two groups of bacteria isolated as the dominant types from vacuum-packed beef stored at 1°C for 4 weeks. One group consisted of the enteric bacteria, namely S. liquefaciens and Hafnia sp., and the other consisted of the lactic acid bacteria, namely Lactobacillus sp. I and II, which belong to the subgenus Streptobacterium. The former organismus were incubated aerobically and anaerobically, and the latter anaerobically. The optimum temperatures for the growth of S. liquefaciens and Hafnia sp. were about 35°C under aerobic as well as anaerobic condition, and those for Lactobacillus sp. I and Lactobacillus sp. II were about 35 and 30-35°C, respectively. These four isolates tested were able to grow at 0°C, and the doubling times at that temperature were 31.4 hours aerobically and 56.8 hours anaerobically for S. liquefaciens; 59.0 hours aerobically and 66.9 hours anaerobically for Hafnia sp., 65.4 hours for Lactobacillus sp. I and 30.1 hours for Lactobacillus sp. II. Also, S. liquefaciens (aerobic) and Lactobacillus sp. I could grow at -2°C and the doubling times at that temperature were 158.4 and 73.4 hours respectively, but these organisms could not grow at -4°C for at least 2 weeks.View full abstractDownload PDF (457K) -
Kanji MATSUI, Hisashi HIROSE, Hiroshi SAWAZAKI1975 Volume 46 Issue 9 Pages 522-530
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationships between the wave form of ECG and the morphological properties of the heart at various stages of the developing chick embryos were investigated. The electrocardiograms in A-B lead were recorded from the chick embryos for 17 days from the 5th day of the incubation to the day of hatching. The macroscopic morphological properties, i. e. heart, atrial, right and left ventricular weights, length and width of the heart were measured in these embryos. Relationships among these items were discussed. The results obtained were summarized as follows: Ratios of length to width of the heart were maintained at a constant value during the whole process. The relative growth between the heart weight to the embryo weight was designated in the isometry during the 9-day to the 19-day embryos and in the negative allometry before the 9-day as well as after 19-day. Relative values of the atrial weight to the heart weight gradually decreased until the 13-day embryos, and after that these were kept in the stable phase. The relative values of the right ventricular weight to the sum of the left ventricular free wall and the ventricular septum weights slowly decreased until the day of hatching. The cardiac potentials of the 5-day embryo were very low, however, the P wave and the QRS complex were recognized distinctly. The P wave showed biphasic pattern in which the positive element was dominant and the QRS complex indicated the R type in this stage. After that the potentials of the P wave and the QRS complex increased gradually. The deflection of the P wave showed a positive wave, and that of the QRS complex was indicated the Rs type until the 10-day embryo. In the 11-day to 15-day embryos the QRS complex indicated the RS type and the potential of the P wave decreased gradually. On and after the 16-day embryos, the QRS complex was stabilized in the rS type. Maximum potentials of the P wave and the R spike appeared in the 9-day embryo and that of the S spike were recorded in the 16-day. The adult type of the QRS complex was shown on and after the 16-day embryos. From both the morphological and functional points of view, two inflection points were recognized on the 9th and 16th days of incubation. From these results, the cardiac function in the chick embryo was founded completely on the 16th day of incubation. It was presumed that the alterations of the wave forms were corresponded with the developing process of the specific cardiac muscles, and the increments of the amplitude or the duration in each deflection of ECG were related with the growing of the volume of the ordinary cardiac muscles.View full abstractDownload PDF (796K) -
Akira IRITANI, Yukio TSUNODA, Masashi MIYAKE, Yoshimasa NISHIKAWA1975 Volume 46 Issue 9 Pages 531-537
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis experiment was performed to examine the effects of the incubation of boar and bull spermatozoa in the genital tract of estrous sows and cows on the oxygen uptake, motility and tetracycline binding of the spermatozoa in relation to their capacitation. Preincubation of boar spermatozoa with oviduct or uterine rinsings from estrous sows significantly increased the subsequent respiration in phosphate buffer as compared with freshly washed spermatozoa. Preincubation of spermatozoa in the oviducts or uteri isolated from estrous sows and cows resulted in a greater stimulation of respiration than in vitro treatment with rinsings of the female genital tract. Removal of bound tetracycline and retention of sperm motility paralleled the increase in sperm respiration; preincubation of boar spermatozoa in utero for 3h completely removed the bound tetracycline and resulted in a 5 fold increase in the subsequent respiration as compared to freshly washed spermatozoa. The data suggest that a physiological change similar to that reported in the rabbit, also occurs in boar and bull spermatozoa when preincubated in the female genital tract for 3h, and the physiological change may correspond with at least partial capacitation of the spermatozoa.View full abstractDownload PDF (470K) -
Sakae MATSUOKA, Noboru KUMASE, Mutsumi KANZAKI, Tokuzo HASHIZUME1975 Volume 46 Issue 9 Pages 538-544
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. In an attempt to clarify urea utilization by young calves, performance of calves fed urea (Group UR) as supplemental nitrogen source was compared to that of calves fed soybean meal (Group SM) in Trial I and ammonium acetate (Group AA) or ammonium bicarbonate (Group AB) in Trial II, between 14 and 25 weeks of age. 2. In Trial I, Group UR grew as rapidly as Group SM. Feed conversion efficiency of Group UR was similar to that of Group SM. 3. In Trial II, Group UR grew at the same rate as Group AA, and its feed conversion efficiency was approximately equal to that of Group AA. Group AB tended, though non-significant, to be slightly inferior to other groups. 4. All groups in Trials I and II grew at a more rapid rate than the NRC standard (1.00 kg/day)1).View full abstractDownload PDF (347K)
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