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Volume 87 (2016)
- Issue 4 Pages 333-
- Issue 3 Pages 219-
- Issue 2 Pages 101-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 87, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Kazuhiro YONEDA, Yu OKUDA, Siqintuya, Takahiro NISHIMAKI, Hirokazu M ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: February 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effective population size of Japanese Black cattle has been significantly reduced and maintaining the genetic diversity of the population is important for breeding of Japanese Black cattle. For the conservation of genetic diversity, use of different lines of the breed with unique genetic characteristics for breeding, instead of intensive use of sires of few particular lines as common in current breeding of Japanese Black cattle, will be effective to prevent the genetic homogenization of the population. In the present study, we performed genetic characterization a population of a rare line of Japanese Black cattle, which has been originated from ancestral “Tsuru-ushi” in Okayama prefecture. By using microsatellite markers, allelic richness, and average observed and expected heterozygosity are 3.48, 0.514, and 0.511, respectively, and these values were lower than those of most of the Japanese Black cattle local subpopulations compared. The result of the clustering analyses indicated that the animals of the rare line formed a single group with a cluster that was clearly distinguished from the other populations. Sequence analysis of mitochondrial D-loop region revealed that only two haplotypes were observed in the population and 80% of the animals in the population possess a single haplotype. However, the other haplotype was a novel unique haplotype that has not been reported in cattle. Genotyping of six genes associated with important traits revealed that SREBP1 and NCAPG loci were fixed for a single allele in the population and more than 90% of animals possess an allele of MC1R locus. These findings indicated that while genetic diversity of the population of the rare line is lower than those of the Japanese Black cattle local subpopulations, this population has unique genetic characteristics that were distinguished from the other populations and, therefore, the rare line is important for maintaining genetic diversity of Japanese Black cattle.View full abstractDownload PDF (539K) -
Yuzuru ISHIZUKA, Akihisa IZUMO, Keiko YASUMATSUYA, Shinji NISHIDA, Kei ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 1 Pages 11-16
Published: February 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to show the standard values of the serum biochemical values of modern broiler chicken. We compared the values of 14 kinds of blood biochemical analysis between 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days of age. The value of TG increased with age to 106.1mg/dL (mean), but it rapidly decreased at 49 days old (P<0.0001). In addition, it was confirmed that aspartate aminotransferase (P<0.0001), creatine kinase (P<0.0001) and lacticdehydrogenase (P＝0.0012) increased with age, whereas serum alkaline phosphatase activity (P＝0.0333） decreased with age. In particular, LDH and CK were two times the difference compared with already reported. The values of TP, ALB, GLU, UA and AST showed no significant difference from the previous reports. In this study the values of the enzyme contained in skeletal muscle were higher than previously reported. This was thought to result from a significant increase in the meat weight. Therefore, these values were considered a standard value in recent years of the broiler.View full abstractDownload PDF (320K) -
Osamu KAI, Takafumi INOUE2016 Volume 87 Issue 1 Pages 17-23
Published: February 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) are used as experimental animals in epilepsy research, but gerbils that suffer seizures are not suitable as pets. Here, we investigated the induction of epileptiform seizures in gerbils treated as pets. In Experiment 1, 139 gerbils (7 to 174 weeks old) were divided among five groups of both sexes by age. They were put on hands (“hand”) for 2 min and, 1 week later, in an unfamiliar cage (“cage”) for 2 min. Twenty out of 60 females (33.3%) and 13 out of 79 males (16.5%) exhibited seizures in response to both stimuli (P<0.05). The “hand” test induced significantly more seizures than “cage” one in both sexes (P<0.01), but there was no difference between the sexes. The incidence of seizures differed significantly among age groups (lower in youngest and oldest groups) in females but not in males. In Experiment 2, five gerbils of each sex that exhibited seizures on both tests in Experiment 1 were held for up to 5 min/day for 7 days. By 7 days, none exhibited seizures. In contrast, some females (but not males) that were not held daily exhibited seizures on “hand” test after 1 week. All 10 animals again exhibited seizures after 2 months without being held.View full abstractDownload PDF (334K) -
Masahiro OSADA, Hitoshi USHIJIMA, Takeyuki OZAWA2016 Volume 87 Issue 1 Pages 25-33
Published: February 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the dairy in Japan, farms that secure successor cattle by introducing heifers are increasing with the expansion of herd scale. However, the price of heifers is rising remarkably, so in this study, we have focused on dairy management in Tochigi prefecture and clarified the factors to decide what action to select for securing successor cattle and the needs for public rearing pasture centers of users and nonusers with CS analysis and analyzed its potential for the expansion. As a result of the analysis, the following has become clear ; ①71.7% of the farms secure successor cattle by self-producing, and 31.4% of those outsource it to public rearing pasture centers. ②outsourcing successor cattle supports the dairy management in the aspects of their stall capacity and labor forces. ③public rearing pasture centers utilize the artificial insemination by using sex sorting semen and the technology of embryo transfer and produce successor cattle effectively and highly profitable heifer. So it has been suggested that they are advisable to secure successor cattle according to the expansion of herd scale.View full abstractDownload PDF (1047K)
Technical Report
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Yuichi KIURA, Takehiro KAMATA, Takayuki MURAMOTO2016 Volume 87 Issue 1 Pages 35-38
Published: February 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: March 26, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to determine whether fat content could be estimated by measuring impedance of beef patty using touch type electrodes. Patty were prepared from bovine M. semimembranosus and bovine subcutaneous fat. The impedance in patty was measured using a LCR meter equipped with touch type electrodes. The crude fat content in patty was determined by a Soxhlet method. The relationship between crude fat content and impedance in patty was analyzed using simple regression analysis : a high positive correlation was observed. This result suggested that it is possible to estimate crude fat content in patty using impedance and a regression equation based on the relationship between crude fat content and impedance in patty. It was also possible to estimate crude fat content in steak using this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (198K)
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