In order to compare the nutritive values of proteins in soilage and silage, this experiment was carried out. Materials used here were the same as reported in the previous report, and the results obtained were as follows:
1) To measure the nutritive values of proteins in concentrated part of red clover soilage and silage for rat, diets containing 10% level of protein were prepared. Body weight gain, digestibility, biological value and nitrogen balance were determined and it was proved that protein of soilage were superior to that of silage.
2) Free amino acids released from proteins of concentrated part of red clover soilage and silage by in vitro digestion with pepsin, trypsin, elepsin and pancreatin were determined by amino acids analyser. The liberation rate of total nitrogen of soilage was heigher than that of silage. The liberated amino acids which were found in larger quantity were tyrosine and arginine in both soilage and silage proteins. On the contrary, very small amounts of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and glycine were found as free form.
3) The nutritive values of proteins of red clover hay and dried red clover silage were determined and it was found that the former was the better protein source than the latter for rat.

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Phospholipids of three kinds of muscles, viz., masseter, longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscles of swine, sheep, lean and fattened cattle were determined by the DAWSON'S method using Toyo No. 51A filter paper.
The results obtained were as follows;
1) The Toyo No. 51 A filter paper could be applied to the DAWSON'S method without preliminary treatment with acetic acid.
2) In each muscle, the content of total phospholipids had no relation to that of total lipids at all and each muscle seemed to contain a necessary amount of total phospholipids to perform its physiological function. Sheep muscle and M. masseter contained total phospholipids in the largest amount among the species and parts tested, respectively.
3) The composition of phospholipids in sheep muscle was different from that in the muscles of the other species. In the same species, the composition of phospholipids of M. masseter was different from those of the other parts. There were some differences between the composition of fattenned cattle and that of lean one in the content of almost all the phospholipid constituents, especially of plasmalogen.

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The authors have contrived a rat metabolism cage with a simple structure, which is made entirely of glassware to avoid mineral contamination. It is also labor-saving in preventing mutual contamination of urine and feces, because urine and feces drop into their respective beakers immediately after they are excreted. Thus there is no need to remove the feces every four or five hours, as is the case when filter paper is used for separate collection of urine and feces. Instead, , it can be left alone during an entire collection period of 5-7 days.
A few experiments were conducted using this metabolism cage to observe the excretory pathways of copper when this element is fed to rats in varying amounts or in five different compounds.
In Experiment 1, the basal ration, fed to two rats, was supplemented with O-4, 000μg/head/day of copper as copper sulphate, when it primarily supplied 188μg/head/day of copper. Samples of urine and feces were collected on the last four days of every seven-day period. The results showed that most of the copper ingested was excreted in feces, and that urine copper levels did not vary greatly when copper supplement increased. It indicated that urine and feces were separated quite satisfactorily even when the amount of copper excreted in feces in a day was more than two hundred times as much as that in urine. Copper retention in rat body increased according to the increased copper intake.
In Experiment 2, ten rats were divided into five lots and fed basal ration, which supplied 34μg/day of copper, supplemented with 30μg/day of copper in five different inorganic com-pounds rotationally at 10 days' periods. The samples of urine and feces were collected during the last five days of the ten-day periods. There were no significant differences in the amounts of copper excreted in urine or feces, or those retained in the body, according to the different forms of copper.
The amounts of urinary copper excretion observed in Experiment 2 were significantly (P<0.01) smaller than those in Experiment 1. It seems that there is a marginal dietary copper level under which its urinary excretion decreases. As for retention, the amount of copper for maintaining the equilibrium between intake and output seems to exist between 200 and 600μg/day for a rat of 300g body weight.

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This study was designed to investigate effect of cooking of starch on the utilization by young dairy calves.
Digestion trials and in vitro digestion by bacterial amylase were carried out with five different cooked starch; A: raw wheat flour, B: autoclaved wheat flour, C: commercial parched wheat flour, D: commercial corn flake and E: commercial α-potato starch. Six male Holstein young calves were assigned to digestion trials of three periods from 10 to 39 days of age. After slaughter at 40 days of age, starch and volatile fatty acid (V. F. A.) in caecum and rectum were determined. Increase of V.F.A. and decrease of starch during three hours in vitro incubation of caecum content were measured at the same time.
Average digestibilities of starch were A: 89.00, B: 89.9%, C: 92.4%, D: 94.6% and E: 97.7%. As in vitro enzyme measurements were highly correlated with digestibilities of starch in 3 weeks of age, effect of cooking on digestion coefficient was apparent.
There were no significant differences among digestibilities of starch of rations in 6 weeks of age, but results of the measurements of starch and V. F. A. in caecum and its incubation in vitro indicated that D and E were more digestibla than A, B and C by the young dairy calves.

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Two separate metabolism experiments were carried out to investigate utilization of soybean protein by young dairy calves.
In the first experiment, four male Holstein young calves were assigned to three periods from 10 to 39 days of age. Basal diet was composed of dried skimmilk, lactose and glucose chiefly. About 40% of protein of basal diet were replaced by the protein of ground parched soybean in replacer A and by soybean oil meal in replacer B. And protein level was adjusted to about 28%, by addition of lactose and glucose.
Average calculated crude protein digestibilities of soybean oil meal and ground parchedsoybean were 0%, 10.9% respectively in the first period (15-19 days of age) and 43.2%, 54.5% respectively in the third period (35-39 days of age). Daily nitrogen retention per kg. of body weight and apparent biological value of replacer A and B were 0.13g, 31.7%, 0.03g, 10.8% in mean value respectively in the first period and 0.26g, 50.4%, 0.11g, 29.6% in mean value respectively in the third period.
In the second experiment, four male Holstein young calves, four experimental rations and four period from 1O to 41 days of age were assigned to 4×4 Latin square. Whole milk of 10% of initial body weight was used for the basal rations. Following experimental rations were mixed to whole milk. A: 100g of soybean oil meal, B: 200g of soybean oil meal, C: 100g of ground parched soybean and D: 200g of ground parched soybean.
Average calculated crude protein digestibilities of the soybean oil meal and the ground parched soybean were 79.7% and 78.2% respectively. There was no significant difference between two kinds of soybean protein, but there was a great difference in crude protein digestibility of soybean protein between in the case of dried skimmilk (Exp. 1) and whole milk (Exp. 2) as basal diet.

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1) High sialic acid content existed in bovine colostrum immediately after calving, but was lower than that in human colostrum. The range of percentage of the sialic acid content in com and human colostrum was from 0.88 to 1.38, and 3.25 to 8.26%, respectively.
2) Total sialic acid content in bovine colostrum immediately after calving decreased remarkably with advancing lactation, and a similar tendency was found in acid casein, acid whey, TCA-precipitated protein and TCA-serum.
3) A high dialysable sialic acid content was present in cow colostrum and most of it was dialyzed in 24 hours in distilled water.
4) Protein of the bovine skimmed colostrum was fractionated on DEAE-cellulose column, and 18 fractions were obtained. The sialic acid content in each fraction was determin

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