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Volume 43, Issue 11
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[in Japanese]1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 595-597
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (279K) -
Urea Utilization by Calves before WeaningSakae MATSUOKA, Akiko AKIYAMA, Tokuzo HASHIZUME1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 598-602
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an attempt to clarify urea utilization by young calves with the rumen in the developing stage, digestion and nitrogen balance studies were conducted with six Holstein male calves which were divided into two groups, at about 5 (Trial 1) and 8 (Trial 2) weeks of age. During the period of Trial 1, Group A and Group B were fed milk replacer and low-protein starter (8.7% crude protein), and milk replacer and urea-supplemented starter (16.7% crude protein), respectively, and during the period of Trial 2, both groups were fed urea-supplemented starter alone. Before the experimental period of Trial 2, Group A and Group B have been fed urea for 7 and 29 days, respectively. The level of urea in urea-supplemented starter was 2.8%, and urea supplied 48% of the nitrogen in this starter.
The results are summarized as follows.
Trial 1: 1) There was no significant difference (P>.05) between low-protein starter and urea-supplemented starter in the apparent digestibility. 2) There was no difference in nitrogen retention between Group A and Group B. 3) The percent [nitrogen [retained of total N intake and digested N for Group B was significantly lower (P<.01) than that for Group A.
Trial 2: 1) There was no significant difference (P>.05) between both starters in the apparent digestibility. 2) Group B retained significantly more nitrogen (P<.05) than Group A. 3) The percent nitrogen retained of N intake for Group B tended, though non-significant, to be higher than that for Group A, and that of digested N for Group B was significantly higher (P<.05) than that for Group A.View full abstractDownload PDF (384K) -
Yasusi IZUMI, Hisao OHHASHI, Hirosi OIKAWA1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 603-610
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA field of mixed forage, predominantly timothy, was fertilized with 3kg (low) or 12kg (high)/10 a of nitrogen fertilizer and was harvested for hay and silage either on June 18 (early) or July 8 (late). Digestibility was tested in sheep and palatability in Holstein cows. The high fertilization increased digestibility of crude protein and DCP content of hays and silages prepared with early and late harvests (P<.01). It also increased TDN content of late harvests (p<.01) but not of early one. High fertilization resulted in low quality silage with early harvest and very good silage with late harvest. Consumption of hays and silages by the cow, in terms of DM and TDN, decreased in early harvest and increased in the late harvest with increasing usage of the fertilizer. In terms of DCP, food consumption was always proportional to the level of fertilizer used.View full abstractDownload PDF (628K) -
Kunio SHIRAI, Kou-Liang TSAI, Hiroshi OKAMURA1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 611-619
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExcess grease in raw hide has been often found to be cause of grease stains on the paste drying chrome upper leather. The distribution of natural grease over the whole face of raw hide and its change during beamhouse operations for making chrome upper leather, was investigated.
Fat content of North American Steer Hide 52-58 lbs. (wet salted) was about 10 percent, averaged for all of the sections covering the whole surface of the hide, but there were two blocks of extra greasy sections which were located on the head and its neighborhood as well as the belly to butt area, where the fat content marked 40 percent at the most. These extra greasy sections were located asymmetrically to the backbone.
Thirty percent of fat content in wet salted hide was removed with both liming and reliming (total 60 percent), however, there remained some greasy sections of over 10 percent fat content even after bating. Although the split with grain indicated less fat content than the split of flesh side, it had greasy sections in the butt area after reliming and bating.View full abstractDownload PDF (610K) -
Masaaki WAKITA, Sadao HOSHINO, Kazuwo MORIMOTO, Keizuo YAMADA, Kazuo M ...1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 620-624
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight sheep were fed a ration containing crystalline BHC at the level of 12ppm and 4ppm to investigate pesticide residue and its decline in body fat. Subcutaneous fat biopsy samples were surgically removed from the part of back. BHC extraction from the fat samples and partial purification were carried out as described by Mitts and thus treated BHC samples were subjected to analysis by electoron capture gas-liquid chromatography.
1. BHC residue in subcutaneous fat increased remarkably after the animals were maintained on the ration contained BHC for six weeks. At twenty-first weeks the residue in subcutaneous fat from sheep fed the ration contained BHC at the level of 12ppm, were 58.95ppm and 53.89ppm whereas 26.34ppm and 19.72ppm of BHC were detected in the fat from sheep fed the ration contained BHC at the level of 4ppm.
2. When the ration contained BHC were changed to a normal ration after six weeks, BHC residue decreased in subcutaneous fat.
3. The rate of BHC decline in subcutaneous fat was 10.2% per week and β-BHC showed the slowest decline than the rest isomers.
4. The concentration and isomer composition of BHC residue did not show any difference among subcutaneous fat of back and rump, deposited fat of mesentry, kidney and M. L. dorosi.
5. The body weight gain of the sheep reared with a ration contained BHC through the test period was inferior to the other sheep.View full abstractDownload PDF (346K) -
Yoshiyuki OTAKE, Yasuji HOSHINO1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 625-630
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe total lipids extracted from back (M. longissimus dorsi), round (M. semitendinosus) and shoulder (M. triceps branchii) of fattened young cattle (Charolais×Japanese Brawn Cattle) were separated into phospholipid and neutral lipid fractions, and the fatty acid composition of these lipid fractions were determined. Then, the triglyceride analysis was performed by means of pancreatic lipase hydrolysis.
The back contained more C16:0 and C18:0, and less C16:1, C17:1 and C18:1 than the round in the total and the neutral lipid fractions. The back and the shoulder contained more C18:0 and C18:1, and less C18:2 than the round in the phospholipid fractions.
In beef lipids, unsaturated fatty acids were found to exist in higher concentrations in the 2-position than the 1- and 3-position of triglyceride, and on the contrary, saturated fatty acids were predominantly esterified on the 2-position of glycerols.
It was considered that the major component triglycerides of beef lipid were 1-palmito-2, 3-diolein, 1, 3-dipalmito-2-olein, 1-palmito-2-oleo-3-stearin, 1-stearo-2, 3-diolein, triolein, 1, 2-dipalmito-3-olein, et cetra.View full abstractDownload PDF (374K) -
Yoshiyuki OTAKE, Takayuki NAKAZATO1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 631-637
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe lipids used in this study were extracted from the back (M. longissimus dorsi), the round (M. rectus femoris) and the shoulder (M. triceps branchii) meat of horses which were imported to Japan as the raw materials for meat industry.
The round contained more C18:2 and less C16:0, C16:1 and C18:1 than the back or the shoulder in the total and the phospholipid fractions. The back and the shoulder contained more C18:0, C18:0 and C18:2 and less C18:1 than the round in the neutral lipid fractions. And, the free fatty acid fractions, in general, highly contained poly-unsaturated fatty acids such as C18:2, C18:2 and C20:4.
In horse meat lipids, C14:0, C16:1, and C18:2 were found to exist in higher concentrations in the 2-position than in the 1- and 3-position of triglycerides, and on the contrary, C16:0 and C18:0 were predominantly esterified on the 2-position of glycerols.
It was considered that the major component triglycerides of horse meat lipids were 1, 3-dipalmito-2-olein, 1-palmito-2, 3-diolein, 1, 2-dipalmito-3-olein, tripalmitin, 1, 2-dipalmito-3-stearin, 1-palmito-2-oleo-3-stearin, triolein, 1, 3-dioleo-2-palmitin, et cetera.View full abstractDownload PDF (342K) -
Eiichi UEYAMA, Keiichi TANAKA, Yoshitsune HIRRSE1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 638-646
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The lactating dairy cows were used to determine the effects on production and composition of milk with intraruminal infusion of volatile fatty acids. The trial consisted of five periods. The treatments corresponding to the periods were (1) water infusion (control), (2) acetic acid infusion, (3) propionic acid infusion, (4) butyric acid infusion and (5) water infusion. All of the acids (1500ml/day) were diluted individually in 40l of water for continuous intraruminal infusion. Each period consisted of 14 days. 2. During the acetic acid infusion, C2 in the rumen fluid increased, and C3 and C4 decreased. The molar ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid increased markedly. During the propionic acid infusion, C3 increased markedly, while C2, C4 and C2/C3 decreased. The propionic acid supplement increased the concentration of VFA in the rumen fluid. During the butyric acid infusion, C4 increased, and C2 and C3 decreased. The value of C2/C3 went back to that of control periods. 3. The acetic acid supplement caused a small increase in the milk production. The supplements of propionic acid and butyric acid did not affect the milk production. 4. The infusion of VFA made the various effects upon the milk composition (fat, SNF, lactose, protein, casein and NPN), the butterfat quality (iodine value and Reichert-Meissl value) and the blood constituents (glucose and ketone bodies). Statistical analyses indicated there were significant positive correlations between butterfat content and C2, C2/C3 or Reichert-Meissl value and between C3 and lactose, protein or casein content of milk, and significant negative correlations between C2 and lactose, protein or casein content of milk and between C3 and butterfat content or blood ketone bodies level.View full abstractDownload PDF (548K) -
VII. Influence of the Successive Injections of ACTH-Z on Growth Rate and Feed Consumption in Sheep and RatsYoshiyuki SASAKI, Kazuo KUMAZAKI1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 647-652
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Eiichi UEYAMA, Keiichi TANAKA, Yoshitsune HIROSE1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 653-658
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo lactating dairy cows were used to determine the effects of infusion of propionic acid mixed with acetic acid and/or butyric acid into the rumen on the milk composition, particularly on butterfat content. The trial consisted of 7 experimental periods. The treatments corresponding to the periods. were 1 & 7 water infusion, 2 & 6 propionic acid infusion (1500ml/day), 3 propionic acid (1000ml/day)+butyric acid (500ml/day) infusion, 4 propionic acid (1000ml/day) +acetic acid (500ml/day) infusion and 5 propionic acid (1000ml/day)+ acetic and butyric acids (250ml of each acid/day) infusion. The daily allotment of these acids was diluted in 40l of water for the continuous intraruminal infusion.
The propionic acid infusion decreased milk fat content and increased protein, casein and SNF content of milk. The supplement of acetic and butyric acids singly, or together, to propionic acid raised milk fat content, although it did not reach the level of the water infusion periods.View full abstractDownload PDF (371K) -
Hirotada TSUJII, Shichiro SUGAWARA, Saburo TAKEUCHI1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 659-664
Published: November 25, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of a single dose of estrone on the incorporation of 14C-glutamic acid of delayed rat blastocysts was studied with liquid scintillation technics. Delayed implantation was induced by ovariectomy of the pregnant rats on day 3 of pregnancy (day 1=vaginal plug) and daily injections of 4mg of progesterone. A single dose of 4μg estrone was injected day 5 (102hr) and day 8 (172hr) of pregnancy, and the blastocysts were obtained from the animals killed at 6, 12, 24 and 30 hour after estrone administration. A single dose of 4μg estrone had an effect on the incorporation of 14C-glutamic acid during delayed implantation, and the incorporation increased rapidly until 24 to 30 hour after estrone treatment, but these incorporations were lower than the values observed in intact normal pregnancy. The addition of glucose or lactate as an energy source had an effect on the incorporation of 14C-glutamic acid during delayed blastocyst.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
1972 Volume 43 Issue 11 Pages 665
Published: 1972
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (23K)
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