All issues
Volume 51, Issue 9
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Takemi Nagamura1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 607-625
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1360K) -
Junichi TAKAHASHI, Takayoshi MASUKO, Shoko ENDO, Kenichi DODO, Hiroshi ...1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 626-631
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 4×4 factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary factors on ruminal nitrite accumulation and methemoglobin formation in ruminants. Four adult Corriedale wethers equipped with permanent rumen fistula were assigned to four rations with different levels of protein and energy: R-1 (TDN 100%; DCP 100%), R-2 (TDN 50%; DCP 100%), R-3 (TDN 100%; DCP 500%) and R-4 (TDN 50%; DCP 50%) based on NRC feeding standard. All animals were administered intraruminally 30g. of sodium nitrate as 30% (w/v) aqueous solution via fistula. No appreciable difference was observed in the process of the disappearance of nitrate nitrogen in rumen among different levels of the nutrients intakes. Following the intraruminal administration of sodium nitrate, relatively higher accumulation of nitrite nitrogen was shown on the rations of low TDN level. Additionally, maximum accumulation of ruminal nitrite was significantly high (P<0.05) in the animals fed R-2 ration. Plasma nitrite increased as DCP consumption increased. Methemoglobin formation was enhanced on the ration of low TDN and high DCP levels, whereas on the ration of high TDN and low DCP levels it was lowered. Erythrocyte reduced glutathinne concentration decreased 20-60% from its normal average value of 1.5μmole/ml cells with the administration of nitrate, although there appeared to be no significant difference among treatments. Jpn. J Zootech.View full abstractDownload PDF (393K) -
Iwao TASAKI, Masao YANAKA1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 632-637
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of dietary sulfur amino acids (SAA) on energy metabolism was studied in White Leghorn male chicks. The purified diets (ME 13.8kJ/g; nitrogen content 2.512%), using an amino acid mixture as a nitrogen source, containing 100%, 70%, 35% and 0% to the SAA requirement were given ad libitum to chicks during an 8-day experimental period. Energy gain was computed from fat and protein gain using the energy values for both. To estimate heat increment (heat production-basal metabolic rate), the basal metabolic rate was determined with the use of a respiration apparatus system. Results showed that when the SAA level was reduced to 35% and 0%, a significant decrease in body weight gain and in the efficiency of feed utilization was observed. In these groups, in comparison with the 100% group, the proportion of heat production to ingested metabolizable energy tended to increase, while the proportion of energy gain tended to decrease. No great difference was noted in the proportion of heat increment between the 100% group and the other groups. This result indicates that a severely restriction in metabolizable energy ingestion in the 35% and the 0% groups causes an increased proportion of energy for maintenance.View full abstractDownload PDF (423K) -
Seiji KUSUHARA1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 638-641
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cell cycle time of endosteal cells in the femur of male Japanese quails given estrogen was determined by the radioautographic technique using tritiated thymidine as a specific DNA precursor. In order to determine the proportion of cells engaged in DNA synthesis at the time of 3H-thymidine injection, the percentage of endosteal cells containing labeled nuclei was recorded at 1 hour after injection. It was approximately 21.58per cent. On the other hand, the percentage of labeled mitoses on the endosteum was recorded at different times after 3H-thymidine. The number of labeled mitoses rised to 50per cent at 4 hours after labeling, reached its maximum at 6 hours and decreased to 50per cent at about 10 hours. According to the method of YOUNG, the cell cycle time of endosteal cells was determined from the above results. The total cell cycle time was found to be 28 hours in which phases S, G1, and G2+M were 6 hours, 16 hours and 6 hours, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1179K) -
Yujiro KASEDA1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 642-648
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMisaki pasture in Toi Cape has been utilized as the grazing pasture for Misaki horses during about three hundred years. Many horse tracks are clearly formed along the contour on the slope of the pasture. The present studies were conducted to clarify the characteristics of these horse tracks in relation to the behavior of the horses on the slope. The horse tracks were formed on the slopes ranging from 28° to 51° in angle and almost all grasses between the horse tracks were entirely grazed. Width of the horse tracks ranged from 20cm to 80cm, with a mean of 40cm. The distances between the horse tracks range from 60cm to 220cm in Ogiyama area, but from 100cm to 250cm in Komatsugaoka area. The mean distance between the horse tracks was 163cm in both areas and the distrances between the horse tracks had significantly positively corre- lated to the angles of the slope in Komatsugaoka area. The distances from the withers of the horse to the edge of the just upper horse tracks were calculated by using the vertical and horizontal components of the distances between the horse tracks, provided that the mean height of Misaki horses was 130cm and the mean width of the horse tracks was 40cm. The results obtained have shown that there was a significant negative correlation between these calculated distances and the angles of the slope. Observations of the grazing bahavior and the states of grasses grazed on the slope suggested that the distance from the withers of the horse to the edge of the just upper horse track was nearly equal to the maximum distance that Misaki horses were able to graze on the slope. It is therefore presumed that as the angle of the slope increases, the distance avaiable for the horses decreases. It is suggested that the horse tracks and the distances between the horse tracks in Misaki pasture are reasonably established for the horses grazing on the slope.View full abstractDownload PDF (965K) -
Junichi TAKAHASHI, Kohki ABE, Keiichi HIGUCHI, Hiroshi FUJITA1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 649-657
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn experiment was conducted to study the qualitative effects of dietary protein and energy on ruminal nitrite accumulation and methemoglobin formation in ruminants. Four adult Saffolk Down wethers equipped with rumen fistula were used for six dietary treatments with two different levels of protein and energy: E (TDN 100%; DCP 50%) and N (TDN 50%; DCP 100%) based on NRC feeding standard. The dietary source of energy consisting mainly of corn starch (E-1) was partially substituted for tallow (E-2) or sucrose (E-3) in the rations of E level, and in the rations of N level the major constituent of protein was similarly replaced soybean meal (N1) with urea (N-2) or casein (N-3). All animals were administered intraruminally 24g of sodium nitrate as a 30% (w/v) aqueous solution via fistula. A lowering of ruminal pH with rations of E level tended to be greater than in the case of N level. The replacement of soybean meal by urea or casein resulted in significantly (P<0.05) higher accumulation of ruminal nitrite and then the marked increases in plasma nitrite concentration and methemoglobin formation. In contrast, ruminal accumulation and the incorporation into plasma of nitrite and methemoglobin formation were supressed with the rations of E level. No appreciable change in erythrocyte reduced glutathione, however, was shown in both the intraruminal administration of nitrate and dietary treatments.View full abstractDownload PDF (531K) -
Shiihi NISHIDA, Yasukiyo UMEMURA, Koichi SHIMBAYASHI, Yoshiko MOTOI1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 658-663
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe volume of spermatozoa was measured in some mammals. The distribution range of O spermatozoa extended from 10 to 50μ3, from 10 to 35μ3, from 1.25 to 6.75μ3, and from 5 to 45μ3 in mice, rats, guinea pigs, and swine, respectively. It was assumed that the value might be too small for guinea pigs. Monomorphic distribution was noted in O of swine and in all the cases of mouse, rat, and guinea pig. A peak of monomorphic curve was seen at about 20, 20, 2.5, and 14μ3 in mouse, rat, guinea pig, and swine, respectively. Dimorphic distribution was observed only in the W and S curve for swine. As compared with the O and W curve, the S curve shifted to the left in mouse and guinea pig. The S curve of swine was clearly dimorphic. Its two peaks were of the same height, except that the left peak was lower than right in the W curve. It is unknown whether or not the right and left peaks represent X-and Y-spermatozoa, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (314K) -
Yuzo HIKAMI, Toshiyuki SUGITA, Shin HASEGAWA, Toshio MIZUNO1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 664-672
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of dietary protein and fat levels on in vivo hepatic lipogenesis and on the hepatic concentration of various metabolites in chicks were investigated. Fatty acid synthesis in liver was depressed by increasing the dietary fat level. Also, the reduction in hepatic lipogenesis was observed when the dietary protein level was increased from 17 to 33%, but no further reduction in lipogenesis occurred in chicks fed the 67% protein diet. The ratio of lactate/pyruvate was calculated in order to estimate the redox state of cell cytoplasm of liver. The ratio was markedly decreased with increasing dietary fat. The ratio was also decreased when the dietary protein level was increased, but no significant difference in the ratio was observed between the chicks fed the 33% protein diet and those fed the 67% protein diet. The hepatic concentration of free CoA in chicks fed the 33% and 67% protein diets and the 11% fat diet was higher than that in chicks fed the 17% protein diet. The concentration of acetyl-CoA was decreased by increasing the dietary protein or fat level, but the reduction was not observed in chicks fed the 67% protein diet. The concentration of long-chain acyl-CoA was increased by feeding the 39% fat diet and the 33% and 67% protein diets to 4.8, 3.3 and 2.3 times the level in chicks fed the 17% protein diet, respectively. The concentration of citrate was markedly decreased by feeding the 67% protein diet, but feeding the 33% protein and the 11% and 39% fat diets had no effect on citrate concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (628K) -
Shin HASEGAWA, Kazuyoshi SATO, Yuzo HIKAMI, Toshio MIZUNO1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 673-679
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTriglyceride synthesis and fatty acid oxidation in chick adipose tissue were studied by measuring the incorporation of [1-14C] acetate or [1-14C] palmitate into triglyceride and CO2 in vivo and in vitro in order to investigate the effect of estrogen on adipose tissue accumulation in chicks. Estrogen treatment increased the incorporation of 14C-acetate into total fatty acid and of 14C-palmitate into triglyceride. This result suggests that de novo triglyceride synthesis is stimulated by estrogen. Incorporation of 14C-palmitate into CO2 was increased by estrogen treatment, whereas that of 14C-acetate into CO2 was decreased. This result suggests that fatty acid oxidation is also stimulated by estrogen and implies that β-oxidation of fatty acid may be increased by estrogen.View full abstractDownload PDF (457K) -
Hirotada TSUJII, Tetsuya SHIGETA, Motokazu YOSHIDA1980 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages 680-682
Published: September 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (781K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|