All issues
Volume 52, Issue 8
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Makoto KATSUMATA, Ken NOZAWA, Takashi AMANO, Akihisa SHINJO, TSUNEO AB ...1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 553-561
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGenetic variabilities within and between 7 populations, totaled 245 individuals, of the Japanese Saanen breed of goat reared in Japan were estimated by using gene frequency date obtained from the starch-gel electrophoretic examinations at 27 genetic loci controlling the structure of 25 kinds of enzymatic and non-enzymatic blood proteins. Genetic polymorphisms were observed at 11 loci, that is, hemoglobin-β, transferrin, plasma non-specific esterase, alkaline phosphatase, prealbumin-3, amylase, cell esterase D, phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), cell esterase-1, adenylate kinase and peptidase B, In addition, PHI deficiency was found in 3 individuals (Fig. 1). The numerical values of proportion of polymorphic loci were in a range 11.1-29.6%, that of the probability of heterozygosity per individual were in a range 3.3-6.2%, and Nei's genetic distances between the populations were in a range 0.0004-0.0065(average: 0.0031). It could be considered from the genetic analyses that the gene constitution of the Japanese Saanen breed of goat was fairly uniform in comparison with other domestic animal species.View full abstractDownload PDF (1137K) -
Yoshibumi MATSUSHIMA, Shigenori IKEMOTO1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 562-566
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbout 20 bands of mouse salivary protein separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (pH 8.0) were detected by staining with Coomassie brilliant blue R and they were divided into five main regions (I-V). A polymorphism of salivaly protein associated with the difference between inbred strains and sex in mice was found in region IV. Fast and slow bands in region IV have been designated as F-type and S-type, respectively, and named Mouse salivaly protein-1 system (Msp-1). Sexual dimorphism, that is, S-type in male and F-type in female, was observed in C3H/He, CBA/N, A/He and AKR strains. This dimorphism was recognized only in about mice. Immature male mice of these strains showed only F-type and it was transformed to S-type along with growth. In about male mice of C3H/He strain, expression of S-type was not affected by injection of estrogen, while it was transformed to F-type by castration. And in the castrated male mice, F-type was retransformed to S-type by injection of testosterone. In about female mice of C3H/He strain, F-type also transformed to S-type by injection of testosterone. In male and female mice of BALB/c, C57BL/6, WB/Re, WC/Re, NC, KK, and DDD strains, the electrophoretic band in region IV was always F-type, and it was not affected by hormone injection. It is considered that the sex difference in Msp-1 system is controlled by hormonal factor as androgen.View full abstractDownload PDF (1256K) -
Hiroshi NAGASAWA, Moriyoshi MIYAMOTO, Kikuji ITO, Tomotali MITSUOKA1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 567-571
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a possible step to elucidate the side-effects of chronic administration of antibiotics in mice, growth, normal and neoplastic mammary gland development and fecal microflora were compared between SHN female mice given 0.02% aureomycin as drinking water after weaning and mice receiving tap water. There were little differences between groups in any of body weight change (Fig. 1), the bacteria groups and the numbers of fecal microflora (Table 2), the incidence (Fig. 2) and onset age of spontaneous mammary tumors, normal and preneoplastic mammary gland development (Table 3) and organ weights (Table 4). These results have demonstrated little side-effects of chronic administration of aureomycin in mice.View full abstractDownload PDF (299K) -
Mating Behavior of a Beef Bull to a Group of Estrous Cows in Pasture and its Reproductive EfficiencyJunji MASAKI, Minoru OHTA, Kenroku HAYASHI1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 572-578
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMating activity of a beef bull to a group of estrous cows was studied under the condition of pasture mating. Eighty-two beef cattle of two local breeds (Japanese Shorthorn and Japanese Black) were divided into two paddocks with _??_ to _??_ ratio of 1140. A half of the cows in each group were treated with prostaglandin F2α analogue(PG, cloprostenofl) for synchronization of estrus. The bulls were introduced to cows 48hrs after the 2nd PG injection. Observation on the sexual behavior was made for the first 30hrs during a period of grazing. In total, mountreceiving behavior was observed in 24 of 40 PG-treated animals during the observation time. Seventeen and 15 of those estrous cows were mated and conceived, respectively. As a rule, ejaculation was performed concentrically one by one and resulted in 21 times for 7 cows in one bull and 28 times for 11 cows in another one. No breed preference of bulls was observed in choosing their mating partner from estrous cows. The interval between 2nd PG injection and mating with bull was 57.6±9. 0 (mea± S. D.) hrs in Japanese Shorthorn and 59.9±8.1hrs in Japanese Black. Application of PG treatment for the pasture mating was effective for accelerating and concentrating the calving time.View full abstractDownload PDF (555K) -
Chirulan SHIN, Yasushi SATO1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 579-585
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough leuconostoc phages that were isolated from dairy products had very narrow host range, it was reported in the previous paper that phage-like particles of leuconostoc strains that were induced with mitomycin C, had broad lytic pattern across leuconostoc species. From the above inconsistent results a doubt occurred as to the physiological properties of four leuconostoc strains (Leuconostoc mesenteroides AHU 1068, AHU 1071, AHU 1073 and Leuconostoc dextranicum IAM 1122), the first three strains being considered as Leuconostoc mesenteroides species and the last strain being considered as Leuconostoc dextranicum species. Therefore in th present paper the re-identification of these leuconostoc strains was carried out. From the experimental results of dextran production, production of aroma compounds in skim milk, production of acid from pentose, and host range of leuconostoc phages, etc, it seems reasonable that Leuconostoc dextranicum IAM 1122 can an be classified into Leuconostoc mesenteroides species according to the method of GARVIE. In the present paper the classification of the genus Leuconostoc has been also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (467K) -
Takao OISHI, Hiroshi NISHOJI, Atsushi HORIUCHI, Isao HYODO1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 586-594
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAssociation among the PSE pork, halothane reactivity and blood types (H, PHI and 6PGD) was investigated in the three Japanese Landrace pig populations (Iwate, Shizuoka and Tokyo). The usefulness of the halothane reactivity, PHI and H loci for excluding PSE pork was confirmed in Shizuoka and Iwate populations. The animals having the inferior values in water-holding capacity, hardness, pH (45min.), color score, lightness, spreadability and R-value of pork were found more frequently in the halothane positive, PHI-BB and Ha types. The variance contributed by the combination of the PHI and H loci or halothane reactivity occupied about 10-60% of the total variance of meat quality, showing significant F-values. Especially, in Shizuoka population, 30-60% of the total variance of several physicochemical properties was contributed by the combination of blood types. The genetic relationships between the halothane locus and blood type loci (H, PHI and 6PGD) were investigated in Shizuoka and Tokyo populations. The PHI-BB type was closely related to the halothane reactivity in Shizuoka and Tokyo populations, but the 6PGD type was related to the halothane reactivity only in Shizuoka population. The degree of association between the halothane reactivity and blood types in each population were presumed to be a determinant factor of the usefulness of blood types for excluding PSE pork.View full abstractDownload PDF (528K) -
Syusuke SATO1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 595-605
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTemperament is one of the most important factors concerning the easinessof handling cattle as an individual. This paper describes the relationships between the temperament scores of about 200 beef cattle within the range of 1 (mild) to 4 (nervous) and six variables (management, age, weight gain, live weight, sex and breed), and also describes the heritability of temperament score. Of the variables studied, management and age were most closely associated with temperament. Temperament score was significantly influenced by changing the management routine. The cattle became relatively mild with age, though the individual animal variation in temperament did not fundamentally change through life. The mean temperament score for Japanese Black breed tended to be higher than that for Japanese Shorthorn breed. The traits on weight and sex showed no apparent relationships to temperament score. Estimates of heritability for temperament were found to be 0.448 (P<0.05) calculated by multiplying the paternal half-sib correlation by four and 0.666 (P<0.01) by multiplying the correlation coefficient between the temperament scores for dams and offsprings. It is concluded that selection based on temperament, facilities which conduct the smooth flow of animals without disturbance and the gentle management without excitable sound, especially in early life, are essential for improving the weighing temperament of cattle.View full abstractDownload PDF (540K) -
Soichi IMAI, Noriaki YANAGIDA, Katsunori KATAGIRI, Keiji OGIMOTO1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 606-613
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of rumen ciliates, bacteria and their products in the various parts of the gut of cattle was investigated. The concentration of volatile fatty acids was high in the rumen and caecum and that of lactic acid high in the jejunum and ileum, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Veillonella and Selenomonas, were mainly isolated from the rumen and caecum, and Gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococcus and Lactobacillus, from the jejunum and ileum. No difference was recognized between the numbers of the rumen ciliates in the rumen and reticulum. However, the number in the omasum was about 13. 4% of that in the rumen. About 69% of the survival ratio of the ciliates was recognized in the omasum. It was assumed that the ciliates in the rumen and reticulum had made their escape from the outflow toward the omasum for certain reasons. Very few ciliates were detected from the parts of the gut lower than the abomasum. However, the ciliates appearing in complete form were hardly observed in these parts. From the results, it seemed that the degree of designation of such region as nitrogen sources should be decreased more than formerly thought.View full abstractDownload PDF (841K) -
Tatsunobu SONODA, Yoshihiro ISHII1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 614-615
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (143K) -
Masaharu OSHIMA, Hiroshi FUSE1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 616-619
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (243K) -
Hirofumi HANADA, Susumu MURAMATSU1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 619-621
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (163K) -
Mitsuto MATSUMOTO, Tatsuo HAMADA1981 Volume 52 Issue 8 Pages 622-624
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (170K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|