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Volume 86 (2015)
- Issue 4 Pages 441-
- Issue 3 Pages 313-
- Issue 2 Pages 141-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 86, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Toshiya HASUNUMA, Hirofumi KUBO, Atsutoshi INA, Tomio HIROSE2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 313-318
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the association between gallbladder bile weight and breed, carcass weight, or slaughter age in fattened cattle steers. Data on gallbladder bile weight were obtained from normality cattle of the liver (n=524) that were shipped to a meat-processing plant in Toyama, Japan. Further, we analyzed gallbladder bile acid composition in some cattle (n=111). Based on the results, a difference was observed between breeds in terms of gallbladder bile weight (P<0.05). However, no difference was observed between gallbladder bile weight and carcass weight or slaughter age. There was no difference in bile acid composition between breeds of healthy cattle at slaughter inspection. However, the standard deviations of bile acid concentration in each breed were high. Therefore, our results indicated large variations in concentrations of various bile acids in bile from fattened steers. These results may be caused that the bile acid composition is affected at the time of shipment by the development phase feed, disease, and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, which is considered to affect the intestinal flora. Therefore, we concluded that the differences in bile acid synthesis ability of the intestinal flora is because of individual difference in bile acid concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (319K) -
Gota SAKAI, Keisuke MAEDA, Miki SUGIMOTO, Shuntaro IKEDA, Kazumasa KIM ...2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 319-324
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFifteen ICR pregnant mice were assigned to control or galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) groups to clarify the effects of GOS on IgA induction in the mammary glands and intestines of lactating mice, and 2.825% GOS was supplemented in the GOS groups from 6.5 days post coitus to 14 days after parturition. Supplemental GOS increased the numbers of IgA-secreting cells and IgA contents in the mammary glands of lactating mice, but the numbers of IgA-secreting cells and IgA contents in the jejunum and ileum of lactating mice were not affected by the treatment. Supplemental GOS had no effect on IgA contents in serum and feces of lactating mice and serum, stomach contents and feces of neonatal mice. Supplemental GOS increased the mRNA expression of CCL25 in the mammary glands of lactating mice. These results imply that supplemental GOS in maternal mice during pregnancy and lactation is effective to increase IgA induction in the mammary glands of lactating mice.View full abstractDownload PDF (252K) -
Natsumi SEKIGUCHI, Honami NUMAZAWA, Xue BI, Hiroyuki CHIDA, Eiki KUROD ...2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 325-334
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDigestive function and nutrient metabolism were determined in sheep to establish feeding management of whole crop rice silage in the view of efficient use of arable land and improvement of self-sufficiency. Four adult sheep were assigned to three dietary treatments in an incomplete Latin square design for three 21-d periods. The control diet (Hay diet) consisted of mixed hay and concentrate (7 : 3 ratio) at 120% of maintenance energy. Mixed hay was replaced by grain-type and leaf-type whole crop rice silage as GS diet and LS diet, respectively. Nitrogen (N) balance, retention time of digesta, rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial N supply (MNS), turnover rates of plasma glucose and leucine were determined. Although ruminal turnover rate of concentrate was higher (P < 0.05) for GS diet and was lower (P < 0.05) for LS diet than for Hay diet, MNS, turnover rates of plasma glucose and leucine did not differ among the dietary treatments. In conclusion, nutrient metabolism in sheep fed both grain-type and leaf-type whole crop rice silage was comparable to sheep fed hay, although a part of digestive function was influenced.View full abstractDownload PDF (436K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 335-341
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Takanori HASEGAWA, Fumiki MORIMATSU, Keiko KAWAMOTO, Satoshi HIDAKA2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 343-350
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe production and use of ear-corn silage (ECS) have been studied to further promote utilization of self-supplied animal feed in Hokkaido. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of ECS feeding on the meat productivity of fattening pigs. Fattening pigs (an average body weight of 65.4kg) were divided into 3 groups with 6 animals in each group : the control group fed with “commercial compound feed alone,” the ECS group fed with mixed feed consisting of “80% commercial compound feed+20% ECS (dry matter)” and the ECEFS group fed with mixed feed consisting of “60% compound feed+20% ECS+20% eco-feed silage (EFS) consisting primarily of starch pulp (dry matter).” All pigs were fattened until their average body weight reached 117.9kg. Feed conversion ratio (Feed intake/Gain) was similar in the control and ECS groups, and was significantly higher in the ECEFS group (P < 0.05) at total period. No significant differences were found in all of the meat quality parameters except skatole. Fat level of skatole was significantly lower in the ECS and ECEFS group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that replacement of 20% ECS as dry matter has comparable productivity to no replacement control, and feeding of ECS to fattening pigs may reduce unpleasant skatole smell of produced meat. Our study suggests that ECS can be useful as alternative feedstuffs for fattening pigs.View full abstractDownload PDF (356K) -
Reina ASA, Misuzu MUTO, Mika OGATA, Yasuhiro NISHIO, Keigo KUCHIDA2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 351-358
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to evaluate the flavor, tenderness, juiciness and overall liking of once-calved and non-calved crossbred heifers served as roast beef cooked by the vacuum packed pouch, low-temperature method. The starting age of fattening for the once-calved crossbred heifers (ONCE) was 25 months of age through the pregnancy period. After 10 month of fattening period, calves were slaughtered at an average 35 months of age. The non-calved crossbred heifers (NON) that could not be pregnant were slaughtered at 32 months of age after 9 or more months fattening period. The consumer sensory evaluation was carried out using five sets of ONCE and NON by two-sample preference test (total 10 carcasses). Level of meat quality of each two-sample set was uniformed in the sample selection. Flavor, tenderness, juiciness and overall liking were evaluated by the consumers in 8 point scale (−4 : extremely good in NON,…, +4 : extremely good in ONCE). All carcass grading and image analysis traits revealed no significant difference between ONCE and NON (P > 0.05). ONCE had a significantly higher value in all traits of flavor, tenderness, juiciness and overall liking than NON (P < 0.01).View full abstractDownload PDF (618K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 359-365
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Kousaku SOUMA, Maki HAYASHIDA, Hirofumi KUDO, Kazuki SUGO, Takemichi I ...2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 367-374
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Yeso sika deer captured around Lake Akan in Hokkaido, were investigated sex and age differences in the feed intake, weight gain, and feeding performance on short-term rearing. The deer were 6 females and 3 males aged 1 year and 3 females and 4 males aged 2 years old or older (adults) captured in March 2011. The animals were reared from July to October by feeding them hay, alfalfa hay cubes, beet pulp and flaked corn. The dry matter intake and body weight increased until September, and the increases stopped thereafter, with both parameters showing a similar pattern. The weight gain of adult females decreased in May-July due to parturition, was then stagnation. The body weight increased during the rearing period in 1-year-old males and females. The body weight and daily gain were significantly greater in 1-year-old deer than in adults (P < 0.01). The weight of carcass and total meat were significantly higher in males than in females, and in 1-year-old deer than in adults (P < 0.01). These findings clarified that meat production and weight gain are markedly influenced by the gender and age, adult males produce more meat, and the weight gains of 1-year-old males and females were the highest.View full abstractDownload PDF (374K)
Technical Reports
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Emiko FUKUI, Tomoko YUZAWA, Hiromichi MATSUMOTO, Akio KAWANOBE, Yumi S ...2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 375-378
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOur aim was to produce genetically designed Japanese Black calves efficiently using in vitro fertilization techniques of gametes from the parents that genotypes of growth hormone (GH) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) were identified. Four cows, which were genetically superior in carcass weight and beef marbling but to be infertile for long time, were selected for the experiment from the herd of the Tochigi Prefectural Livestock & Dairy Experimental Center. The genotypes of the same genes were also determined for frozen semen samples purchased from the Livestock Improvement Association Japan (LIAJ), eight bulls of Japanese Black. Based on the genotyping results, combinations of ova and sperm were planned for yields of genetically superior calves. Ova were obtained from ovaries of the above four females when they were killed in the slaughterhouse in Utsunomiya-city. The resulting blastocysts, which should have the desired genotypes, were obtained using the previously reported IVM-IVF-IVC system. Of eight blastocysts transferred to four recipient females, two implanted in two females ; a live male calf was obtained from one of these pregnancies. When he was fed and fattened to the age of 31 months, his body weight was considerably higher than that the value which was predicted by the normal growth curve of the Wagyu Registry Association. We conclude that this approach would provide an efficient and relatively quick method to obtain genetically superior cattle for the beef industry.View full abstractDownload PDF (363K) -
Naoki YAMASHITA, Haruka YAMAGUCHI, Reina ASA, Kazutaka YAMADA, Motoki ...2015 Volume 86 Issue 3 Pages 379-384
Published: August 25, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvaluation of marbling of Japanese beef carcass is focused mainly on the rib eye (M. Longissimus dorsi) at the cross section of the 6th-7th rib. Coarse marbling particles in the rib eye are regarded as undesirable on overall carcass evaluation. However the degree of marbling that is made up of the coarsest marbling particle is not equally distributed through the M. Longissimus dorsi. Computed Tomography (CT) was used to investigate the changes of coarse marbling in Japanese Black in this study. The two major benefits of using CT were that it is non-invasive and yields a continuous data set along the length of the M. Longissimus dorsi. 46 Japanese Black cattle raised under the same environmental conditions underwent CT scanning of the M. Longissimus dorsi at seven days from the postmortem. Subsequently, image analysis of the CT scans were undertaken with calculations to determine : the percentage of area of the coarsest marbling particle to rib eye area (coarsest marbling percent : CMP%). CT images were classified to four positions ; cranial aspect of muscle, caudal aspect of muscle, cranial aspect of rib bone and caudal aspect of rib bone. Analysis of variance was performed by using SAS GLM procedure. Results of this study indicate the coarsest marbling exist near the caudal aspect of each rib bone. The mean value for CMP% of each cranial aspect of muscle, caudal aspect of muscle, cranial aspect of rib bone and caudal aspect of rib bone were 7.4, 5.6, 5.1 and 6.7% respectively. CMP% for cranial aspect of muscle was approximately 2% higher than that of caudal aspect of muscle (P < 0.05), and CMP% for caudal aspect of rib bone was 1.6% higher compared to cranial aspect of rib bone (P < 0.05).View full abstractDownload PDF (847K)
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