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Volume 52, Issue 12
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Susumu MURAMATSU1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 839-849
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
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Shin KOBAYASHI, Satoru OKAMOTO, Teruo MATSUO1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 850-855
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were designed to classify types of oviposition rhythm in the quail by an average interval of successive ovipositions observed in individual hens and to find out characteristics of the respective oviposition types. Hours of ovipositions in 72 hens under 14L: 10D were recorded throughout the period of 26 days. Depending on the length of an average oviposition interval, three groups, each composed of ten individuals, were selected from 56 hens showing over 80% egg production during the experimental period; one group showing a longer interval between ovipositions was designated A type (non-entrained pattern), the second group which showed a shorter interval was designated C type (entrained pattern) and the third group which showed an intermediate interval was designated AC type (intermediate pattern). The mean oviposition interval of A, C and AC types was 26.5, 24.0 and 24.9 hours, respectively. Hens belonging to A and AC types showed a tendency to restrict their ovipositions during the period from the latter half of the lighting period to the earlier half of the dark, although some ovipositions were observed during the other part of the day. A peak of oviposition was observed 13-14 hours after light-on in hens of A and AC types. The distribution pattern of frequency of oviposition intervals classified every 0.25 hours in A type revealed the lowest concentration among the three types. In this type, the difference between the longest and the shortest interval was 9 hours and the median value was 27.5 hours. In C type, 88% of their eggs were laid at intervals of 23-25 hours. These findings indicate that the hens showing different oviposition rhythms reveal a different mean oviposition time and a different distribution pattern of the frequency of oviposition intervals. In the hens of A type, the interval of oviposition was always longer than those of other types at any hours. The results suggest that an endogenous clonomechanism may play a part in the manifestation of oviposition types in the quail.View full abstractDownload PDF (2383K) -
Goro KATSUURA, Hajime MIYAMOTO, Takehiko ISHIBASHI1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 856-860
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of the present study was to determine histochemically whether glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) activity in the immature rat ovary changes with ages and administration of PMSG. To 1-43 days old rats, 0, 5 or 20i.u. PMSG was administered subcutaneously and animals were killed 48 hours thereafter. There was no detectable G-6-PDH activity in the surface epithelium of the ovaries from both untreated and PMSG-treated rats 3-45 days old. No enzyme activity was observed in the follicle and interstitial gland from both untreated and PMSG-treated rats 3 or 6 days old. The enzyme activity was first observed in the preantral follicle and interstitial gland of the ovaries from rats 9 days of age. No response to PMSG treatment was seen in rats killed until 12 days of age. In general, administration of PMSG resulted in increases in the enzyme activity of the follicle and interstitial gland from rats killed at 15-45 days of age. The corpus luteum appeared first in 45 days old rats and administration of 5i.u. PMSG resulted in increases in the enzyme activity of the corpus luteum. The present results show that administration of PMSG to immature rats generally increases ovarian G-6-PDH activity although differences of the response to PMSG administration are dependent upon the ages of immature rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (1039K) -
Shuji SHINCH, Makoto KANDATSU1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 861-868
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were done to clarify some properties of extra and intracellular proteolytic enzymes of rumen ciliate protozoa, The rumen ciliate protozoa were collected from the rumen contents taken through fistula attached to the rumen of goats and the crude enzyme solutions were prepared from the collected ciliates. The crude extracellular enzyme solutions were fractionated by salting out with ammonium sulfate and its 40-80% saturated fraction was furthermore fractionated by using Sephadex G-100 column. The properties of these crude proteolytic enzymes are summarized as follows: 1. The optimum temperature of the crude extracellular enzymes was 55-60°C and the optimum pH was 5.5-6.0. 2. The optimum temperature of the crude intracelIular enzymes was 70-75°C and the optimum pH was 5.0-6.0. 3. The proteolytic activity of the crude extracellular enzymes per protein nitrogen in the solution was much stronger than that of the crude intracellular enzymes. 4. About 80% of total proteolytic activity of the crude extracellular enzymes was detected in the fraction precipitated by 40-80% ammonium sulfate saturation. 5. The proteolytic activity of the extracellular enzymes was markedly increased by cysteine or dithiothreitol. 6. Gel filtration of the ammonium sulfate fraction (40-80% saturation) on Sephadex G-100 revealed 2-4 main peaks of proteolytic activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (558K) -
Takeshi SHIBATA, Seiki WATANABE1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 869-873
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was performed to obtain the basic date on blood sugar in japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Blood was taken from the quail reared in the Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture. All quail kept in one house were fed with commercial food (TDN>64.6) and water ad libitum throughout experiment period. Temperature and relative humidity of the house were kept at 24-27°C and 50-80%, respectively. The photoperiod was 16L-8D of cycles (L: light, D: dark). The blood sample was collected at 10:00a. m.. Components of the blood sugar in quail serum were investigated by gas-liquid chromatography. The blood sugar were mainly composed of glucose (α- and β-) and a trace amount of fructose and mannose were also detected expect embryos. Mannose amounted 6.9% of the blood sugar in the embryos. Blood sugar levels obtained by colorimetric determination of o-toluidine boricacid method were not different from those by gas-liquid chromatography. Therefore, blood sugar was measured by o-toluidine boric-acid method. Blood sugar level in embryo was low (179.7mg/dl), and increased gradually after hatch (male: 188.7mg/dl, female: 192.3mg/dl). The blood sugar level of adult quail (male: 354.4mg/dl, female: 293.8mg/dl) was highest among those of avian species examined here and those reported by many researchers. The blood sugar level of laying female was lower than that of male in the same age.View full abstractDownload PDF (352K) -
Hiroshi SATO, Satoshi SUNAGODA, Teruo SUGIWAKA, Akiyoshi SATO, Yoshio ...1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 874-877
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing 12 lactating Holstein cows, changes in plasma metabolite and mineral levels were estimated during first 3 weeks after grazing. Six cows (group A) were preliminarily accustomed to spring pasture about 5hrs daily for 12 days before grazing on the pasture, and the other 6 cows (group N) were grazed on the same pasture without the preliminary adaptation. After grazing, plasma total protein and albumin levels decreased transiently and urea level increased. These changes were remarkable especially in group N. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) level was influenced neither by grazing nor by preliminary adaptation to the pasture. Plasma glucose level increased to the maximum level at 1 week after grazing, and these high level persisted till 3 weeks post-grazing. Plasma glucose level at 2-3 weeks post-grazing was significantly higher in group N than in group A. Plasma Pi level decreased rapidly after grazing, however, it returned to the initial one at 3 weeks post-grazing. During first 3 weeks of grazing, there was little difference in plasma Pi level between both groups. Plasma Ca level at 2 weeks post-grazing in group A was significantly higher than that in group N. In group N, plasma Mg level decreased slightly at 2 days after grazing. Plasma Mg level at 2-3 weeks post-grazing was slightly higher than initial one in both groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (286K) -
Hiroshi SATO, Teruhisa IMAMURA, Shogo HANASAKA1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 878-881
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Holstein calves, noradrenaline (NA) was infused intravenously at a dose rate of 4μg/kg/min for 30min at 1, 8, 18, 30 and 45 days of age, and blood samples were taken before and after the infusion to estimate the postnatal transition of liver glycogenolysis and adipose tissue lipolysis. Elevations of packed cell volume (PCV), plasma glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) levels after NA infusion were significantly lower at young stages, but there was no significant difference in elevation of plasma free glycerol (FG) level among the postnatal stages. At younger stages, FFA/FG ratio after NA infusion was significantly lower than that at older stages. It is considered that slight increases in PCV and glucose level after NA infusion at young stages may be due to immature sympathetic development, and a slight rise in plasma FFA level may be owing to accelerated re-esterification or oxidation of released FFA within the adipose tissue, but not to weak lipolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (244K) -
Kyuei KIBE, Eriko NODA, Yutaka KARASAWA1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 882-888
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the effect of fineness of chop of grass on the silage quality and the bacteriological changes during ensilage, orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) harvested at preheaded stage was cut into four degrees of lengths (A; 0.5cm, B; 1.0cm, C; 3.0cm, 17; 5.0cm) and then immediately ensiled in the glass tubes (3×20 cm) with a rubber stopper attaching a valve of water seal for 56 days. The results obtained from this experiment were as follows. 1. Chopping of herbage into short lengths promoted rapid development of lactic acid bacteria at early stage after ensiling and lowered pH value rapidly. 2. The fermentation quality during ensilage was improved in proportion to fineness of chopping, and best results were obtained with chopping into 0.5cm lengths. The pH, ratios of volatile basic nitrogen to total nitrogen and butyric and total VFA contents were lower in A than B, C or D. Chopping resulted in increased contents of lactic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (379K) -
Hiroyuki SUZUKI, Yoshio TSUTSUMI1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 889-897
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of estrogen and progesterone on the motility of oviductal isthmus, uterus and cervix of rabbits were investigated using polyurethane balloon catheters. Animals were given either 5μg of estradiol benzoate on Days 0 and 2 after mating, or 2.5mg of progesterone on 2 consecutive days preceding and on the day of mating. In oviductal motility of estrogen-treated animals, mean amplitude until Day 3 was similar to the preovulatory levels, and outbursts of contractions frequently occurred intermittently. Oviductal motility was then depressed progressively up to the time of implantation. Uterine activity of these does decreased by Day 1.5, sustaining small contractions, except for an occasional appearance of outbursts during the preimplantation stage. The amplitudes of cervical contractions were suppressed up to Day 1.5 and thereafter small contractions persisted. In progesterone-treated animals, oviductal motility was depressed up to the next day of the first injection and the uterine and cervical activities were suppressed almost completely.View full abstractDownload PDF (2675K) -
Yoshio TSUTSUMI, Hiroyuki SUZUKI1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 898-902
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of oxytocin on the contractility of oviductal isthmus, uterus and cervix was investigated in rabbits before and after mating. The oviductal responsiveness to oxytocin was conspicuous during estrus and up to 3-4 days after mating, followed by its gradual decrease; but an abrupt decline was evident in 2 of 5 does on Day 7. Uterine motility was affected by oxytocin until 2 days after mating, and the uterine sensitivity decreased thereafter. Cervical responses to oxytocin were not consistent during estrus and were not noted 3 days after mating.View full abstractDownload PDF (757K) -
Kunio SUGAHARA, Iwao TASAKI1981 Volume 52 Issue 12 Pages 903-905
Published: December 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (175K)
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