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Volume 36, Issue 12
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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I. Elevation of Plasma Thiamine Level and Its DurationKazuo KURETANI, Akio HOSHI, Yatsuhiko HIRAYAMA1965 Volume 36 Issue 12 Pages 511-514
Published: December 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTetracycline-type antibiotics were potentiated by terephthalic acid (TPA) and the ac-celeration of body growth was observed in the fowl 1, 4, 9-11). Further, the TPA contained diet without antibiotics has the same effect on faccilitation of body weight gain and the feed conversion ratios were lowered in the fowl 5, 6). From these interesting function of TPA, we-planned to clarify how TPA effects on the plasma nutrient's concentration. In this study, plasma thiamine contents were determined.
Control group (25 fowls) was fed with the basal diet and TPA group (25 fowls) was fed with the diet containing TPA (0.5%) for 20 days. Followed by the oral administration of thiamine (1mg/kg of body weight), blood was collected from the carotid with a heparinized. syringe at 0, 4th, 24th and 48th hour, from 10, 5, 5 and 5 fowls respectively. Blood was. centrifuged and plasma was used for thiamine determination.
Thiamine level in each case is tabulated in Table 1. The increased rate of TPA group, was 1.7 times higher at 4th hour and 3.7 times higher at 24th hour than control group. The increased thiamine content by administration of the control group successively decreased and reached normal level at 48th hour, but that of TPA group was kept still higher. After all, it is studied that the plasma thiamine level in all cases of TPA group were higher than that:of control group.
This effect of the TPA was observed not only in the fowl but also in the rat. The increased rate of TPA group was 1.4 times higher at 4th hour and 3.0 times higher at 24th hour than control group (Table 2).
In conclusion, plasma thiamine level in the TPA group of the fowl was elevated and kept for 48 hours by single administration of thiamine and this elevation was also occured in the rat.
Biological half-lives of thiamine (per os) in control and TPA groups were estimated, but significant difference was not observed (Fig. 1). This result suggests that the primary mechanism of TPA's effect on the elevation of plasma thiamine content seems to be concerned with the absorption of thiamine across the gastrointestinal wall rather than with the kidney threshold for the excretion of thiamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (268K) -
III. On Energy Requirement for Maintenance of Cross-bred CockerelsIwao TASAKI, Hitoshi SAKURAI1965 Volume 36 Issue 12 Pages 515-521
Published: December 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was found that the basal metabolic rate of the cross-bred (Barred Plymouth Rock_??_× Single Comb White Leghorn_??_)cockerels varied from 60kcal to 100kcal per metabolic body-size ( W (kg) 0.75), and they could be grouped into two; showing 60-70kcal (average 67kcal) and 75-100kcal (average 86kcal). However, there was no difference in energy requirement for maintenance between both groups.
Birds which were fed forcedly required less energy for their maintenance than those fedad libitum. Further, when birds were fed purified diet, energy requirement for maintenance was 1.5 times more than when they were fed practical diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (1099K) -
IV. Heat Production and Plane of NutritionIwao TASAKI, Hitoshi SAKURAI1965 Volume 36 Issue 12 Pages 522-526
Published: December 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the effect of plane of nutrition on energy utilization in domestic fowls, this experiment was carried out on cross-bred (Barred Plymouth Rock_??_×Single Comb White Leghorn_??_) cockerels fed dieits containing various levals of energy, and the following results were obtained.
Although digestibility and metabolizability of dietary energy was almost constant even when various levels of energy were supplied, linear increase in heat production was observed when energy intake increased from zero to maintenance level. There was no difference in heat production between birds showing different basal metabolic rates when fed maintenance level of energy. It was also found that the heat increment in birds was less than that in cattle reported by FORBES et al. when supplied more energy than the maintenance level.View full abstractDownload PDF (368K) -
Masataka SHIINO1965 Volume 36 Issue 12 Pages 527-533
Published: December 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
VIII. Effect of Hot-water Treatment on Rapeseed Oilmeal (4) Influence of Repeated TreatmentTetsuro NAKAYA1965 Volume 36 Issue 12 Pages 534-543
Published: December 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author reported in the previous papers that the hot-water treatment was effective in counteracting the specific effect of rapeseed oilmeal (RSOM) on animal growth and thyroid glands. The present experiment using chicks was made to confirm the presumption that repetition of preceding treatment is probably more effective than such one treatment as in the previous experiments and at the same time it was compared on the influence of RSOM feeding and thiouracil (TU) for chick growth and thyroid glands.
The hot-water treatment of RSOM was repeated three times (Exp. I) or five times (Exp. II). The number of experimental animals used for Exp. I was sixty female chicks (day-old White Leghorn) and for Exp. II ninety, and each ration given to these chicks for four weeks is shown in former paper19) (1964) and Tables 2 and 3 of this paper.
The feeding of RSOM resulted markedly in an increase in thyroid weight, a decrease in thyroid iodine level and an increase in reduced glutathione level of liver, whereas these changes were not found in chicks fed RSOM which was repeatedly treated with a hot-water. In general, the goitrogenicity of ration adding 0.03 per cent TU was much greater than that of rations containing 20 or 30 per cent of RSOM, but the addition of TU at above level did not cause a growth retardation.
When chicks were fed the rations containing RSOM at a 10, 20 and 30 per cent level or adding 0.03 per cent TU, a total iodine content in their thyroid was about the same as controls.
Accordingly, it is presumed that a goitrogenic effect of these rations may not be very serious.
On the other hand, an advantageous effect of the repeated treatment of RSOM for body growth was not so much revealed as for thyroid glands, and this may be based on the RSOM having specific factor on the thyroid glands but weaker factor on growth retardation in this experiment.
The data show that the repeated treatment by a hot-water is more advantageous in counter-acting the specific effect of RSOM than one treatment, and also lend support to the possible interpretation for the specific factor, which was reported in authors' previous papers16, 18, 19).View full abstractDownload PDF (729K) -
1. Study on Chromic Oxide and Polyethylene Glycol as Index Substances of Digestion Trial with Young Dairy CalvesIchiro NISHIMATSU, Fumio KUMENO1965 Volume 36 Issue 12 Pages 544-549
Published: December 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to compare index method with total collection method, the digestion trials of two kind of milk replacers with four male Holstein young calves were carried out. Chromic oxide and polyethylene glycol were used as index substances. Recovery of the index substances, its variation in the feces, the digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein, starch and soluble sugar were determined with the calves from 11 days to 25 days old.
The recovery of chromic oxide and polyethylene glycol were 92.4 and 68.3% respectively. The coefficients of variation of chromic oxide and polyethylene glycol excreted in the feces were 17.6 and 37.8% respectively. There were not significant differences in the digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein, starch and soluble sugar between the chromic oxide index method and total collection method.
It was found that polyethylene glycol could not be used as index substance for digestion trial with the young calves on account of its low recovery and its large variation, but chromic oxide could.View full abstractDownload PDF (407K)
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