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Volume 41, Issue 6
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Tetsu JOHKE1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 277-285
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Akira MORI1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 286-292
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe lambing season, fecundity and sex ratio of the Japanese Corriedale ewes were studied on total 19, 339 heads lambed in various farms in Japan.
The lambing was frequent in the order of March, April, February and May, and it was rather few in other months of the year. However, the lambing of the ewe flock, which was pastured in the mountain grassland from May through October because of the bad condition in winter, was more frequent from September through June of the following year.
The percentage of twins was 19.86 on the average and was highest in February and decreased in the order of March, April, January and May. The percentage of twins increased year after year and was high in the area where sheep farming was well developed, however, there was no relationship between the percentage of twins and geographical location.
The percentage of triplet was 0.21 and just like case of the percentage of twins, the earlier the lambing month was, the higher the percentage was.
As regards the sex ratio, the number of ewes was a little more in both single and twins and there is the tendency that the number of ewes increased when the lambing season was early and also the number increased year after year.View full abstractDownload PDF (425K) -
Tsuneo ABE, Takao OISHI, Kazushige MOGI, Kentaro HIMENO1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 293-297
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been shown in chicken and cattle that the molecular weight differences of antibodies are associated with the nature of antigens belonging to different blood group systems. However, little is known about the molecular nature of either pig erythrocyte antigens or the corresponding antibodies.
The present study was undertaken to determine whether molecular weight differences exist among blood group isoantibodies found in the sera of the sows which farrowed piglets affected with hemolytic disease and in those of isoimmunized pigs with erythrocytes and normal pigs, and to determine whether these differences, if present, may be associated with serological relationships.
Eight serum samples containing antibodies were examined by gel-filtration techniques with Sephadex G 200. Pig serum proteins were fractionated into three main peaks. In the fiirst peak α2-macroglobulin (19S) and α-, β-lipoproteins were identified. The 7S γ-globulin was found in the second peak, and albumin and transferrin in the third peak.
Antibody activity in the sera of the sows which farrowed piglets affected with hemolytic disease and in isoimmune sera was present primarily in the second peak and these antibodies were 7 S antibodies which were not diminished by 2-mercaptoethanol treatment. Two of the above sera contained both 7 S and 19 S antibodies which might be associated with E system specificity.
Naturally occurring antibody anti-A was detected as aggiutinin, hemolysin and incomplete agglutinin. All of the agglutinin and the hemolysin were present only in the first peak. The activity was diminished completely by both 2- mercaptoethanol and heat treatments. On the other hand, the Incomplete agglutinin anti-A, which was usually detected at higher titer, was only present as 7 S antibodies in the second peak.
From the above results, it was presumed that the antibodies which were responsible for pig hemolytic disease might be 7 S class antibodies, and the different formation of pig antibody was also associated with blood group system.View full abstractDownload PDF (852K) -
Nobuo IWASE1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 298-306
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 1959, Pirofsky and Mangum reported a new method for the analysis of incomplete antibodies in human blood groups employing bromelin, a proteolytic enzyme obtained from pineapple juice.
The present experiments were performed to detect bromelin agglutinins in the serum of rabbit immunized with chicken blood cells.
The detection of bromelin agglutinins obtained from rabbit immunized with chicken blood cells was carried out by adding one drop of 0.5% solution of bromelin to the one drop of immune antiserum mixed with one drop of 3% suspension of chicken blood cells in a test tube. The following results were obtained.
1. Br1, Br2, Br3 and Br4 agglutinins were recognized as the type specific agglutinins of chicken blood groups in antisera of rabbit immunized with chicken blood cells. The agglutinins in anti-Br1 and anti-Br2 sera were recognized by the bromelin method only, but the agglutinins in anti-Br3 and anti-Br4 sera were recognized by the bromelin method only or both bromelin and saline methods, in total 4 samples respectively. Namely, the Br1, Br2, Br3 and Br4 agglutinins in antisera reacted by bromelin method only have detected a character of bromelin agglutinins in the incomplete antibody.
2. Titers of saline method in both anti-Br3 and anti-Br4 sera were found to be 4 to 8 times lower than that of bromelin method.
3. The blood groups of chicken by Br1, Br2, Br3 and Br4 agglutinins could be classified into 12 groups as follows; Br1 group, Br2, Br3, Br4, Br1Br3, Br1Br4, Br2Br3, Br2Br4, Br3Br4, Br1Br3Br4, Br2Br3Br4 and O.
4. It was recognized that Br2 agglutinogen has a tendency to relate with a sub-factor in Br1 agglutinogen, but genetic correlations among Br1 and Br2 agglutinogens were not classified.
5. The distribution of 12 blood groups in total 451 egg-type chickens was as follows; Br1 group: 39 chickens (8.7%), Bra: 21 (4.7), Brs: 63 (14.0), Br4: 10 (2.2), Br1Br3: 171 (37.9), Br1Br4: 9 (2.0), Br2Br3: 51 (11.3), Br2Br4: 5 (1.1), Br3Br4: 15 (3.3), Br1Br3Br4: 25 (5.5), Br2Br3Br4: 15 (3.3) and O: 27 (6.0).View full abstractDownload PDF (675K) -
IV. Metabolism of caseinRyoji ONODERA, Makoto KANDATSU1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 307-313
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConsumption of casein by rumen ciliate protozoa was investigated in order to know their protein metabolism.
It is clarified that dissolved casein was consumed by not Ophryoscolecidae but only Isolrichidae and nevertheless, heat treated insoluble casein particle was consumed greatly by Ophryoscolecidae.
From these results, it is suggested that the main nutrient for Ophryoscolecidae may be the particulate substance, and for Isotrichidae may be both of dissolved and particulate ones.
14C radioactivity was incorporated greatly into ciliates during incubation with 14C-casein. Therefore, dissolved casein may be taken up into the inside of the protozoan body.
Analysis of the non-protein nitrogen (NPN) compounds increased in the culture medium after incubation revealed that about 50% of total NPN was peptide-N and it is considered that digestion of protein in protozoan body may be rough and incomplete.View full abstractDownload PDF (478K) -
I. Growth and plasma alkaline phosphatase of the mice selected for large and small body sizeKuniji YAMAKI, Toshihiro YAMAGISHI, Shusaku NISHIDA1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 314-318
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present experiments were carried out to clarify the relation between growth and plasma alkaline phoaphatase (A1-P) in the mice selected for large and small body size, which are different in growth pattern.
1) The plasma A1-P levels of mice of large (L), small (SM) and control (random bred: RB) lines were highest at parturition and they decreased gradually with age. At each days of age, the plasma A1-P of SM line was signifcantly higher than those of the other two. The difference in A1-P obtained in the present experiments (generation 31) was apparently greater than that reported in the previous paper using the same lines of generation 11.
2) In each line, A1-P level does not correlate either to the body weight or to the body weight gain. But in the combined results inclusive of the three lines, negative correlation (γ=-0.495) was obtained between A1-P and body weight gain, and it was statistically significant.
3) Suckling of the pups of RB line was restricted so as to equalize their body weight to that of SM line. This treatment caused a concomitant equalization of the A1-P. The elevated A1-P level, thus induced in the RB pups, was returned to the proper level when they had compensated their body weight loss by full feeding.
4) In all of three lines, after 30 days of age, rapid reduction of body weight by restricted feeding resulted in a decrease in A1-P. Such a decreasing effect of the diet restriction on A1-P was not apparent when the body weight was kept constant at 30 days of age.
The results obtained suggested that the A1-P is closely associated with the metabolic process of somatic growth that would be different among lines tested. However, at the present situation, it is still hard to conclude whether the difference in A1-P is entirely depend on the selection of the gene or adaptation.View full abstractDownload PDF (386K) -
Ikuo OKADA, E. M. MCDERMID1970 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 319-325
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComparison tests of chicken blood group reagents were conducted between Oswestry, Great Britain and Sapporo, Japan.
The blood group antigens AF and A3; AH and A2; AP and A6; BA and B11; and BG and B9 are comparable. Some similarities exist between the antigens BBM and B2; BC and B6; BE and B14; BG and B7, B38; BK and B13; BL and B1, B14; BM and B14, B19; and BMO and B1, B2, B8.View full abstractDownload PDF (365K)
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