1) Using the same hay, metabolism experiments on goats in the dry period and the milking period were conducted.
2) Digestibilities of organic composition of the hay are proved to be almost the same in the dry period and the milking period. Absorption of Calcium seems to increase in the milking period.
3). Absorption of carotene of the hay by goat is comparatively low, showing about 6% of carotene of the hay. Rate of production of Vitamin A in milk is shown still lower, that is, only 3% of carotene is converted into Vitamin A of milk.
4) A requirement of metabolizable energy in goat (in case of hay feeding) is determined and the beat increment in this case is calculated, (Thenet energy of goat was reported in the previouspaper by one of the authors, showing 1080 Cal. per 50 kg.)
5) Requirement of energy for the productionof goat milk is calculated and we have found thatabout 1400 Cal. are required for the production of 1000 Cal, of milk.
6) Therefore, for. 1kg production of goat milk (fat content is supposed to be 4%) 1050 Cal. of metabolic energy and 45-50g of digestible proteinis needed.

View full abstract

A colorimetric micromethod for estimating little proteolytic action (pepsin action) contained in milk coagulating enzyme preparations is presented in this paper. The principle of the method consists of cansing tyrosine to react, formed by proteolytic action from casein (substrate), with mercuric sulfate and nitrous acid, estimating colorimetrically the reacting colored substance by a photometer and representing the proteolytic action with γ units of tyrosine from 1mg of enzyme preparations. By this method, commercial rennets, rennet powders prepared by salting out method, papain and some pepsin preparations were compared with one another in their proteolytic action.

View full abstract

1 Five digestion trials were made to determine the apparent digestibility of wheat bran, rice bran, soybean oil meal, starch feed (sweet potato) and fishmeal by swine. (7-9months old, Yorkshire breed).
2 The chemical compositions of these feeds are as follows. (%)
3 The digestibilities are indirectly calculated as shown in the following table (%)
4 The digestibility of crude protein, crude fat and N-free extract are nearly the same with those by ruminant, respectively. But on crude fibre there appears a considerable difference between the digestion coefficients by the two kinds of domestics, and in case of starch feed the digestion coefficient of crude fibre is higher than that by ruminant in this experiment.

View full abstract

The influence of X-ray on the testicle in adult mice was examined. The conditions and doses of X-irradiation were listed in Table I. The results may be summarized as follows:
1) The lethal doses of X-ray were about 2000r by local irradiating method as shown in Fig. 4 and 5, and were about 1000r in whole body exposure. 1000r by local irradiation- was sufficient to produce permanent sterility, and 500-1000r produced temporary sterility. 250r was the minimum dose to give an effect for the spermatogenesis. However there were some relations between intensity (dose per time) or exposure time and the aberration of spermatogenesis, that is to say, no changes occurred in the testicle by 500r irradiation when the exposure time was 2 seconds, Even 250r irradiation was more effective to destroy the spermatogenesis when long exposure was given.
2) Based on the histological observations, in each condition the change of testicle after irradiation began at first in the area of transformation stage of spermatids, i. e, at 3 hours after treatment, badly staining of spermatozoa, a small amount of cellular debris and abnormal cells were able to be observed. From 3rd day after irradiation, the mitosis of spermatogonia began to disappear and maturation divisions were reduced in number. But the first maturation division was less affected by X-ray.
By 250r irradiation, no destructed figure was observed except in the late stage of spermatogenesis, and the spermatozoa did not disappear through all days after treatment. But in cases of 500r and 1000r mitosis disappeared in 10-20 days after irradiation and seminiferous tubules began to shrink, and thus testicles became smaller than the normal. In 20-25 days most of the tubules consisted of a single layer of spermatogonia and sertoli cells, and spermatozoa disappeared in 25-40 days. Noticeable diminition in size of the testicle was observed in these days. It was shown that during this time the smallest size was 31per cent of the normal by 500r and 19per cent by 1000r irradiation. The relation of abnormality of cells and intensity of X-ray irradiation could be summarized as follows:
Low intensity (1.3-5r/m)………Abnormal cell division (Polypolar, Chromosome bridge, Giant cell etc.)
Medium intensity (50-500r/m)………Destructive effect (Karyorrhexis, Karyolysis, Pyknosis, Nuclear-vacuolization etc.)
High intensity (1000-15000r/m)………Interruption or fixing of mitosis (Chromosomering, Pyknosis, Sideroplasma, Nuclear vacuolization etc.)
3) A sign of regeneration began to appear in spermatogonia at 25th day after irradiation, and in 40-45 days spermatozoa could be found again, but in 1000r-mice many tubules could not recover and even in 250 days after treatment the spermatogenesis was incomplete, and accordingly the spermatozoa were small in number. While most of 500r irradiated mice recovered to the normal state during 50-60 days after treatment.
In mating tests it was shown that the fertility was normal through all days in the 250r irradiated mice and in 500r irradiated the mating could be made only several days after treatment and after this time they were steril up to 45th day, then gradually recovered to the normal state. In case of 1000r most of the mice became steril through their lives.

View full abstract

For calculating the surface area of dairy goat, two formulae, that is, the basis of body weight only and the basis of both body weight and body length, can be considered.
Statistically the difference between two formulae was found to be small; but the formula deduced from the basis of body weight only was found to be practically more superior. The formula found by us is: A=1147.7W^0.62 where, A is the surface area in square centimeters, and W is the weight of body in, kilograms.
The heat production in dairy goat per 1 square meter of body surface was calculated by using the data of the previous report (TASAKI, '51) and wefound it to be 765 Cal.

View full abstract

In the previous report the writer examined the changes of the amount of cholesterol in the reproductive endocrine glands of wistar strain male rats. In this report the outline of results in female rats is described. These results are summerized as follows;
1. The amount of ovarian cholesterol increases remarkably from about three weeks old and shows the maximum level on nine weeks old and decreases temporarily just before the period of openning of vagina. The onset of that remarkable rise and this sharp fall are due to ovarian ester choesterol, of which amount increases also at the age of about six weeks. Both types of cholesterol keep nearly constant after the period of openning of vagina. It is found that the amount of ovarian ester cholesterol shows the remarkable increase at estrus, but the sharp temporary decrease from estrus to metaestrus. The amount of ovarian cholesterol decreases by pregnancy but rises towards the end. Though ester cholesterol reduction occurs on the first of puerperium, it returns to normal at weaning.
2. The gradual rise of both types of uterine cholesterol is found from birth to the period of openning of vagina, but a sudden reduction occurs at the period of openning of vagina and thereafter the amount of cholesterol holds constant. The fair rise is seen from diestrus-proestrus, but the gradual fall continues thereafter to next diestrus.
3. The concentration of cholesterol in suprarenal body reduces gradually after birth and seems to keep constant after the period of openning of vagina. In this course a temporary rise of ester cholesterol is found at the age of about six weeks. The remarkable accumulation of adrenal cholesterol is found during the period from diestrus to proestrus. The amount of adrenal cholesterol decreases at the onset of pregnancy, but rises graduallyoduring pregnamcy and continuous to rise for lying-in, and ret urns to normal at weaning.
4. The concentration of both types of liver cholesterol reduces gradually after birth, then seems to keep constant after the period of openning of vagina. The changes during normal sexual cycle are complicated. It reduces by pregnancy and shows the, minimum level on the late pregnancy and the first puerperium, then returns to normal towards weaning.
5. The comparative involved changes of the level of plasma cholesterol are found throughout all periods of the experiments, but this rise and fall seems to corresponds with that in ovary or suprarenal body.

View full abstract

Studies on the synthetic mechanism of milk casein in mamma with tracing of Isotope was began with tracing of Ca45 in goat's venous injection.
Ca in blood is accumulated remarkably in mammary gland and after 30 minutes Ca removes into milk, but its Ca disappears after 27 hours.
In milk Ca combines with casein and lactose, and residue exists in milk serum as soluble matter.

View full abstract

We obtained one suggestion that at least one part of casein is synthesized through so-called albumin liable to be coagulated by heat.

View full abstract

We compared the three methods of β-lactose determination in the dried milk the report of which was recently appeared in U. S. A.
Our result obtained here was that the solution method introduced by B. P. CHOI etc. seemed to be the most reliable method.

View full abstract

The influence of blending of two different kinds of tanning extracts on the dispersion of tannin particles in blended tan liquor was studied by means of fractional salting out method. We also examined the fractional salting out of unblended single tan liquor and observed the changes of ratio of both components of precipitated fractions by fractional Salting out of blended liquor applylng our bichromate-oxidatiou method of tannin estimation.
The obtained results are summerized as follows:
1 In The case of single tan liquor, the amount of tan whieh was precipitated by fractional salting out increased with decreasing pH value.
2 The chestunt-sulfite cellulose blended liquor adjusted its pH value to 4.0 and sulfite cellulosemangrove liquor adjusted pH to 4.1 showed the remarkable increase of Iyophobic fraction, or the lowering of the degree of dispersion and chestnutmangrove liquor adjusted pH to 4.4 did not show so remarkable increase but in this case pH was higher than the original pH 3.5. Generally speaking, lyophobic fractions were increased by blending, especially sulfite cellulose blending.
3 The ratios of tan amount of both components fractionally salted out, were observed te be indefinite or unproportional

View full abstract