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Volume 67, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Xiao CUI, Yuko KATO, Seiji SATO, Shizuyo SUTOU1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 333-337
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe sex-determining gene in mammals was thought to be SRY (humans)/Sry (animals). We isolated the bovine Sry gene from a bovine genomic library (Anim. Sci. Technol. (Jpn.) 66, 994-1001, 1995) and mapped it to the distal tip of the long arm of the Y-chromosome (Anim. Sci. Technol. (Jpn.), 66, 994-1001, 1995). Since high homology was found in a part (HMG box) of Sry genes among cattle, sheep, and goat by PCR, mapping of Sry genes to ovine and caprine chromosomes by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method was performed using bovine Sry as a probe. Ovine chromosomes (Merino) were prepared from cultures of lung cells of a male lamb died soon after birth and caprine chromosomes (Saanen) from cultures of peripheral blood cells. Both ovine and caprine Sry genes were mapped to the long arms of the Ychromosomes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1072K) -
Noboru MANABE, Yukinobu KURIBAYASHI, Makoto MIYAMOTO, Keiko KURAMITSU, ...1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 338-352
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFast-myosin in frozen histological sections of 23 muscles of the hind limb of goats was quantified by an immunohistochemical micromethod. Histological structure of the muscles was well preserved during the measurement. When the results obtained by the immunohistochemical micromethod were compared with those obtained by biochemical techniques and by histomorphometrical analyses, high correlations were noted. High fast myosin levels (more than 201mg/g of total protein) were observed in the rectus femoris, lateral vastus, tensor fasciae latae, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gastrocnemius (lateral head) and long digital extensor muscles. In contrast, low fast-myosin levels (less than 50mg/g) were determined in the intermediate vastus and soleus muscles. Fast-myosin-positive myofibers were distributed more in the superficial regions than in the deeper regions in the biceps femoris, lateral vastus, medial vastus, semimembranosus and gastrocnemius (lateral and medial heads) muscles. In contrast, fast-myosin-positive fibers were distributed more in the deeper regions than in the superficial regions in the cranial tibial, deep digital flexor and superficial digital flexor muscles. This technique could be used in the research projects to study the physiological properties of the muscles.View full abstractDownload PDF (1740K) -
Kyuya SUDA, Yasuo KOBAYASHI, Miyako HIRAMATSU, Shozo ARAI, Yoshiko MOT ...1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 353-359
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was carried out to investigate the changes of ruminal characteristics in goats induced acute acidosis by injecting excess sucrose. Seven goats with ruminal fistula were given an alfalfa haycube for more than two weeks before the sucrose injection (SI). They were each injected 10g/kg•BW of sucrose through the fistula twice a day before feeding and the diet was changed to a 90% concentrate ration. Ruminal contents of all the goats and blood from the three goats were obtained at specified times after the first sucrose injection. After showing clinical signs such as depression, diarrhea and anorexia, five goats showing severe acidosis were removed from the experiment during 28 to 40 hrs after SI. A significant pH decline accompanied by elevated L(+)- and D(-)-lactate levels in ruminal fluids was observed from 6 to 72hrs after SI. Although total VFA level was not altered at 6hrs after SI, it was significantly lowered at 24 and 48hrs and recovered to the initial level at 72hrs. Ruminal endotoxin level was significantly enhanced from 12hrs after SI and was maximized at 72hrs. Total numbers of bacteria and protozoa were significantly decreased from 6 to 48 or 168hrs after SI, respectively. Remarkable decreases in percentages of gram-negative cocci and small rods and increases in gram-positive cocci and rods were observed from 6 to 48hrs after SI. Serum L(+)- and D(-)-lactate levels were significantly elevated from 12 and 6hrs after SI, respectively, and the values reached 4-fold and 25-fold of the initial levels at 32hrs after SI. We concluded that an acute acidosis can be induced in goats as well as in cattles by sucrose injection and the rates of lactate production and absorption in the rumen are of importance.View full abstractDownload PDF (471K) -
Tomoyuki OKUMURA, Yusuke INUZUKA, Toshihide NISHIMURA, Soichi ARAI1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 360-367
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was performed to clarify the effects of prolonged conditioning (30 days) of vacuum-packed pork loins on their qualities. Sensory evaluation showed that the taste and aroma intensities, tenderness and total palatability increased and improved during the storage for 20 days. No bacteriological deterioration was observed within 25 days. Tenderness measured by TensipresserTM also continuously increased during the storage for 20 days. 5'-inosinic acid (IMP) higher than 1.6μmol/g meat was detected after 20 days postmortem. Free amino acids (FAA) continuously increased during the storage, and oligopeptides contents increased and reached to approximately 40μmol amino acid eq./g meat during the storage for 20 days and then changed up to 30 days. From these results, it was concluded that the quality of vacuum-packed pork loins stored at 4°C for 20 days was the best.View full abstractDownload PDF (537K) -
Makoto KIMURA, Mamoru SUZUKI, Seiichi ARAKI1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 368-373
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe in vitro and in vivo effects of riboflavin sodium phosphate (vitamin B2 sodium phosphate : VB2Na) on host defense mechanisms, especially macrophage function, were investigated in mice. VB2Na (100mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally or intravenously at 1 day before the phagocytosis assay. After intraperitoneal administration, the phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages in the control and VB2Na-treated groups was 8.3±1.6% and 34.6±6.8%, respectively, with the index being about 4-fold higher in the treated mice (p<0.01). After intravenous administration, the phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages was 6.6±2.1% and 15.4±3.7% in control and VB2Na-treated mice, respectively, and the treated mice again showed a significantly higher index (p<0.01). Intravenous administration of VB2Na showed as effective as intraperitoneal administration. In a separate investigation of the direct effect of VB2Na on macrophage activity, we determined the in vitro phagocytic index of mouse peritoneal macrophages for latex particles in the presence of various concentrations of VB2Na. Addition of VB2Na at a concentration of more than 25μg/ml increased the phagocytic index. Thus, our results suggest that VB2Na enhances macrophage function both in vitro and in vivo.View full abstractDownload PDF (372K) -
Yoshi KAWAMOTO, Akio HONGO, Tetsuya INAMURA, Hari Ram SHRESTHA1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 374-377
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMilk protein polymorphisms in yaks, cattle and their hybrids were examined in the Solu district, Nepal. Simultaneous phenotyping of αs1-casei (αs1-Cn), β-casein (β-Cn), κ-casein (κ-Cn) and β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) by isoelectric focusing revealed restriction in gene flow between yaks and cattle as was found in the Khumbu district in the previous study. Traditional breeding by Sherpa may have discriminated among types of animals properly and their mating program seems to have been managed under a strict rule on the hybrid production.View full abstractDownload PDF (214K) -
Michinari YOKOHAMA, Tamiaki KONDOH, Takashi AMANO, Kazuhito KUROKI, Yo ...1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 378-381
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo obtain reagents required for the purification, identification and diagnosis of disease, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific to equine serum proteins was prepared by cell fusion. Thirty seven hybrid cell lines that secrete mAb specific to eight serum proteins (Al, Es, Hp, Tf, IgG (T), IgG, IgM and α2-M) were produced. Changes in serum components could be readily detected by Western blotting with mAbs.View full abstractDownload PDF (737K) -
Minoru YAMANOUE, Hiroaki MIYAMA, Takahide OKAYAMA, Isao NISHIKAWA1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 382-386
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to determine the effect of calcium ions on the solubilization of chicken myofibrillar proteins that contribute to myofibril stability. Incubation of freshly prepared myofibrils in the solutions containing either 1mM CaCl2 or 1mM EGTA and 1mM (L-3-trans-Carboxyoxiran-2-Carbonyl)-L-L-Leu-Agmatin (E-64, an irreversible inhibitor of calpain) caused the increase in solubility of myofibrillar proteins with incubation time. In the presence of calcium ions, however, solubility at 6 days incubation was about three times greater than that in the absence of calcium ions. Gel electrophoresis indicated that 6 days' incubation under such conditions released large amounts of 45, 000, 36, 000, 34, 000 and 21, 000 dalton components and small amounts of 205, 000, 140, 000, 100, 000, 75, 000 and 55, 000 dalton components from myofibrils. Moreover, the addition of calcium ions caused the selective solubilization of several unknown components around 24, 000 and below 20, 000 daltons. It is unclear whether these unknown components are responsible for the weakening of myofibrillar structures closely related to meat tenderization.View full abstractDownload PDF (343K) -
Atsushi HORIUCHI, Tatsuo KAWARASAKI, Mikio CHIKYU, Masaru SONE, Hiromi ...1996 Volume 67 Issue 4 Pages 387-392
Published: April 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of mutation in skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) gene on the quality of meat was investigated in pigs. The detection of a missense mutation (C→T, Arg615→Cys) of RYR1 was carried out by PCR-RFLP method using the genomic DNA as a template. The genotype of RYR1 was classified into N/N, N/n and n/n. Seventy four normal and 10 PSE (pale, soft and exudative) meat samples collected at Shizuoka Meat Center were used in this study. In 84 meat samples, the numbers (percentage) of samples carrying RYR1 gene N/N, N/n and n/n were 59 (70.2%), 20 (23.8%) and 5 (6.0%), respectively. The quality of meat (transmission value, spread-ability and color lightness) of N/N genotype was superior to that of n/n genotype. The meat of N/n genotype showed intermediate quality between that of N/N and n/n. The percentage of PSE meat in N/N, N/n and n/n samples was 3.3% (2/59), 20% (4/20) and 80% (4/5) respectively, indicating that meat quality was highly correlated with RYR1 genotypes in pigs. Therefore, breeding of each RYR1 genotypes of n/n and N/n is not commendable since occurrence of PSE meat was observed in the breed.View full abstractDownload PDF (426K)
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