日本農芸化学会誌
Online ISSN : 1883-6844
Print ISSN : 0002-1407
ISSN-L : 0002-1407
27 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の21件中1~21を表示しています
  • (第4報) Phenylacetic Acidの代謝生成Keto Acidについて
    磯野 正雄
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 297-301
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    (1) PAA添加培養中に生成されるketo acidを2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazoneとして, paper partition chromatography,溶媒に対する溶解性,吸収スペクトル,及びその他の性質を検討し,これがα-ketoglutaric, pyruvic及び少量のoxaloacetic acidの混合物であることを確認した.
    (2) PAA, 2-OH-PAA添加培養と無添加培養とのketo acidの消長を比較した. PAA又は2-OH-PAA添加培養の場合に生成されるketo acidの量は,無添加培養の場合より約3倍量多いから,このketa acidがPAA又は2-OH-PAAの代謝生成物質であることが明らかである.
    (3) PAA又は2-OH-PAA添加培養で生成されるsuccinic acidの量は無添加培養のそれより多いから, succinic acidも亦PAA又は2-OH-PAAの代謝生成物質の1つである.
    (4) PAA否適応菌は,succinic, fumaric, malic acidのようなC4-di-carboxylic acidの代謝能を持つが, citric acid, PAA及び2-OH-PAAの代謝能を全く示さない. PAA適応菌のC4-di-carboxylic acidに対する代謝能はPAA否適応菌のそれより発達し, citric acid, PAA, 2-OH-PAAの代謝能も持つている.
    (5) Pen. chrysogenum Q-176によるPAAの代謝により, α-ketoglutaric, pyruvic, oxaloacetic acidのようなketo acidとsuccinic acidとが生成される事実,及びPAA適応菌のcitric, succinic, fumaric, malic acidに対する代謝能の発達から,著者はPAAの代謝がKREBSのTCA-cycleを通して行われると推定した.又α-ketoglutaric acidの生成される点から, PAAの代謝が, 既知芳香核開裂とは全く異なつた新しい様式をとるものと推定した.
    終りに臨み,御懇篤な御指導を賜わつた坂口謹一郎先生並びに有馬啓助教授,武田醗酵研究所 所長佐藤喜吉博士並びに阿部又三博士に謹んで御礼申あげると共に,終始御指導と御鞭撻を賜わつた課長日ざ綱治博士並びに主任石田安成氏に深謝の意を表します.また本研究の発表を許可された工場長岡見清二氏並びに製薬部長倉林育四郎氏に併せて深甚の謝意を表します.
  • (第8報)結晶カタラーゼに対するFusarinic Acidの阻害機構
    玉利 勤治郎, 加治 順
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 302-306
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    (1) By the addition of fusarinic acid the absorption spectrum of crystalline catalase (cat. activity 30, 000) suffers considerable change, distinguished by the vanishing of λmax=625 mμ, which results from porphyrin-Fe in the catalase molecule.
    (2) By the addition of fusarinic acid, the polalographic reduction wave of crystalline catalase shows a'remarkable fall.
    (3) By the addition of fusarinic acid, the Redox-potential of crystalline catalase shows a remarkable fall.
    (4) We found that the injurious action of fusarinic acid on catalase to be eliminated by the addition of Fe...-ion and the combination of this acid and catalase would not be broken by precipitation with cold acetone.
    (5) The types of injurious action of fusarinic acid, α-picolinio acid and 2-methylpyridine-4-carboxylic acid on catalase are all entirely idential and the order of the injurious activities of these acids is as follow: fusarinic acid>α-picolinic acid>2-methylpyridine-4-carboxilic arid. This order is identical with that of the chelation's intensity. These acids all lose their injurious actions on catalase by esterification of their carboxyl-groups.
    On these above mentioned facts, we concluded that fusarinic acid might tightly combine with porphyrin-Fe in the catalase molecule by the mechanism of intermolecular chelation.
  • (第8報) Racemiaseによらざる乳酸の生化学的ラセミ化
    北原 覚雄, 福井 作藏
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 306-310
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    D-, L-Lacticodehydrogenaseの両者を混じただけでは,乳酸のラセミ化を殆んど惹起し得ないが,これにmethylene blueの如き適当な水素受容体を少量添加すれば,明瞭なラセミ化が見られることを立証し,一つのラセミ化機構を提示した.
    然し乍ら,上記複合酵素系は決してracemiaseと同一でない事を論じ,現実の乳酸ラセミ化はracemiaseによつて行われるとの見解を述べた.
    「附記」本報は昭和27年9月20日,日本農芸化学会関西支部92回例会に於て口演した.尚研究経費の一部は27年度文部省科学硬究費に仰いだことを附記して謝意を表する.
  • (第3報) 3-Acetyl-4-hydroxy-7-acetaminocoumarin 並に3-Acetyl-4-hydroxy-7-acetamino-8-bromocoumarinの合成
    石井 義男
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 310-313
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author synthesized the coumarin derivatives substituted an acetamino racucai at ine position of the 7 th carbon atom of 3-acetyl-4 hydroxycoumarin to examine the effect on the antibacterial activity of the negative substituent in the ben2ene nucleus of coumarin.
    (1) 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-7-acetaminocoumarin (III) and 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-7-acetamino-8-bromocoumarin (III') were prepared by a route, which was shown schematically, using, _??_-amino-salicylic acid (V) as the starting material.
    The acetylation of (V) to prepare 2-acetoxy-4-acetamino-benzoic acid (VII) was preformed by adding Ac2O to the glacial acetic acid solution of V in the presence of ZnCl2.
    In this case, diacetate (VII), m. p. 183°, was obtained in a 86% yield 5% higher than the case of two-steps acetylation of (V), which was published by CARVALHO.*
    Through the acid chlorides (IX and IX') of (VII) and its bromoderivative (VIII), the direct cyclization with Na-acetoacetic ester was proceeded in dry ether, heating and stirring the mixture for ten hours, and gave the yields of 38% and 30%, respectively. (III) was recrystallized three times from ethyl alcohol, in yellow prisms, and melted at 215° After two, recrystallisations from aquous acetic acid, pure (III') was obtained as yellow needles, m. p. 225°.
    When the equivalent mole of sodium and acidchloride (IX, IX') were used in such a direct cyclization as it is mentioned above, it was determined that the acetyl radicals of (III) and (III') were not hydrolyzed.
    (2) The rerults of the ultraviolet absorption spectra were shown in Figure 1 and 2. It is very interesting that the curves of 3-acetyl-4, 5-dihydroxycoumarin and 3-acetyl-4-hy-droxy-5-acetoxycoumarin were very similar to that of the resorcinol, when it was displ aced bathochromically.
    Information of the bacterial activity of coumarin derivtives will be presented at a later date.
    The author wishes to dedicate a great appreciation to Prof. Y. SUMIKI for his kind direction and valuable suggestions.
  • 小林 達吉, 渡辺 清治
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 314-317
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, the reation rate, K1 (minutes-1), of xylan hydrolysis in dilute and strong sulfuric acid was observed and compared with the reaction rate, K2 (minutes-1), of xylose decomposition in dilute and strong sulfuric acid; the value of the ratio K1/K2 was calculated to be ca. 20_??_9530 under observed conditions as shown in Table 1. Under some favorable conditions, the maximum net sugar yield and the corresponding time was calculated.
  • (第4報) ω-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl) alkanoic esters類の合成
    田村 三郎, 大熊 和彦, 林 忠彦
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 318-322
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    It was reported the previous paper, that several dihydrocaffeic esters were synthesized and were found-to have the marked antioxidant activity. The present work was undertaken to synthesize ω-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) alkanoic esters, the related compounds to caffeic esters, in seeking further light upon the relation between the chemical structure and the antioxidant activity. These new esters are listed in the following table.
    _??_To prepare homoprotocatechuic ester (VI), veratric aldehyde (I) was treated with hippuric acid, and the condensate, α-benzoyl-amino-β-veratryl-acrylic acid azlacton (III) was hydrolysed to obtain homoveratryl-pyruvic acid (IV) which was followed by dimethylation with HBr. The resulting acid (VI) was esterified by the usual way. γ-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-butyric acid (XI) was prepared in the following way: Veratrol (VIII) was condensed with succinic anhydride in the presence of AlCl3, the resulting β-veratroyl-propionic acid (X)was treated with HI for demethylation, reduced to γ-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-butyric acid by the Clemensen reduction, and then esterified. δ-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-valeric ester (XVIII) was synthesized by the following 4 steps. γ-Veratroyl-butric acid (XV) was obtained by the condensation of veratol with glutaric anhyride. Then the reduction with the Clemensen method, the demethylation by HI and esterification were proceeded succesively. ε-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-caproic ester (XIV) was prepared through the Clemensen reduction, the demethylation by HI and the esterification of the condensation product of veratrol with polyadipic anhydride (XIX) in the presence of AlCl3. Their antioxidant activity will be published in the follow ing paper.
    The authors wish to express their appreciation to Professor Dr. Y. SUMIKI for his guidance and advice.
  • (第5報) ω-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl) alkanoic ester類の抗酸化性
    田村 三郎, 大熊 和彦, 林 忠彦
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 323-327
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    To make one approach to the solusion the relation between a chemical structure and an antioxidant activity, some ε-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) alkanoic esters shown in Table 1 were examined their activities through the Active Oxygen Method.
    The said alkanoic estes were synthesized by authors and the fresh lard was used as the substrate which is easy to detect its rancid odor.
    The results of the experiment are shown in Table 1 and Figures 1 and 2 and are summarizedas follows:
    (1) Et protocatechuate was found to be almost ineffective but a introduction of methylene groups between phenyl and carboalkoxyl groups of protocatechuic ester caused the marked enhancement in activity. The activities of most of all these compounds were proved to be superior to that of ethyl gallate.
    (2) Among these compounds, methyl ε-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-caproate which had 5 methylene groups was the most effective and γ-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-butyrate having 3 methylene groups the next.
    (3) Concerning the alkyl groups of esters, it was found that the order of their activities was Me>Et>n-Pr, regarding solely to ε-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-caproic ester. But this should be ascertained by using other alkanoic esters.
    (4) It is noteworthy to point out that the protocatechuic ester, which was published by OSHIMA(7), to be very effective was found to be almost ineffective for the cod liver oil and lard used by authors as the substrates. A discussion on this problem was also described in this paper.
    The authors wish to express their appreciation to Professor Dr. Y. SUMIKI for his guidence and advice.
  • (第12報)石英粗面岩の風化(1)
    原田 光
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 327-330
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    (1) Chemical studies were made on the weathering of quartz-trachyte at Sayo-machi, Hyogo-ken and at Gendayuyama, Tottori-shi, Tottori-ken. (2) The profiles of the weathering products studied consisted of the weathered rock, light brown horizon, light brown subsoil, and brown surface soil. These soils are sandy. (3) The amount of silica decreased by degrees from the lower horizon towards the subsoil, whereas it begans to increase in the surface soil. The alumina and iron oxide gradually increased in their amount from the lower horizon towards the subsoil, but in the surface soil they began to decrease. The bases decreased slowly through the weathering. Ca was more leachable than Mg. (4) The NIGGLI's h values increased from the lower horizon towards the subsoil, and then decreased or increased slightly in the surface soil. In the subsoils, the f values were maximum, the si and si/al values were minimum, and the amount of silica, alumina, and iron oxide which were dissolved by HCI and H2SO4 were maximum. The facts showed that the iron oxide and some parts of the clay having the low si/al values-had been transferred from the upper horizon to the subsoil. (5) The results obtained from alkali solution treatment showed that the weathering products contained very little free alumina._??_
  • 小幡 彌太郎, 福士 俊一
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 331-334
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    A essential oill of Laurencia glanaurifera consists of sesquiterpene ana sesquniterpenealcohol. Physical constants of the components are as follows: b. p./6mm (n)18D d184 (R)L
    sesquiterpene 98° 1.5195 0.9432 65.7
    sesquiterpenalcohol 105 1.5086 0.9553
    By the applicatication of KELLER's chromatostrip method an orange hydrocarbone and cadalene were isolated from their dehydrogenated products. The orange hydrocarbon is not identical in its ultraviolet spectrum with cadalene or azulene.
  • (第10報)高沸点部の香氣成分(その5) Phenol性香氣成分のPrecursor
    横塚 保
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 334-339
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The flavorous substances in the steam distillate of Soy-cake (bp 185_??_325°) were investigated by means of hydrolysis and oxidation.
    Acetic acid, benzoic acid, isovaleric acid, n-caproic acid, vanillic acid, vanillic acid ethylester, 1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-ethylbenzene, acetovanillon (uncertain), isoacetovanillon (uncertain) and two more unknown phenolic substances were obtained as the decomposed products of hydrolysis. Of those substances, acetic acid, benzoic acid, vanillic acid, vanillic acid ethyl ester, 1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-ethylbenzene were obtained by considerablly light hydrolysis, and these were proved in the oxidized products of the neutral fraction by means of KMnO4 at room temperature and in this case isovaleric acid or n-caproic acid were not obtained. So it comes to this conclusion that the flavorous substances in the sample are the esters and phenol esters of these acidic or phenolic substances and as the easily decomposable phenol esters the following four substances are considerable:_??_
  • (第11報) Pen. chrysogenum Q176の黄色色素消失変異の遺傳成化学的研究(其の1)
    有馬 啓, 駒形 和男, 中村 秀雄
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 339-344
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    For the purpose of elucidating the mechanism of biochemical genetic of the yellow pigments losing mutation of Pen. chrysogenum Q 176 to Pigmentless sultant Pen. chrysogenum Q 176 ARIMA et OGASAWARA, cultural conditions of the yellow pigment production of Pen. chrysogenum Q 176 by extinction of culture media-by Pulfrich photometer, and paper-chro-matography of the pigments were examined. Effects of carbohydrate sources, nitrongen sources, C:N ratio, rate of aeration, initial pH of culture media, each representative media for penicillin production, cultural temperature, inorganic salts on the production of pigments, and inhibitive action of NaCl, relation between pH and extinction of the pigments were examined.
    From the above results, the pigment production and penicillin production seemed to be parallel, but unlike in the case of penicillin, pigments does not run down rapidly after reaching its peak, but keeps its level.
    By selection of cultural conditions, it was possible to increase pigment production 2 or 3 folds of the control, but not so much as 10 folds or more as in the case of penicillin production.
    Next, paper chromatographic study of the yellow pigments, especially the experimental conditions were examined. Final conditions were as follows: Toyo filter paper No. 50, size 2×40cm, pretreated with SÖRENSEN phosphate buffer solution at pH. 7. 7, developing solvent (butanol 90cc, isopropanol 10cc, water 18cc (80% saturated), developing hour 17_??_18 hrs., room temperature.
    The fractionated spots on the paper stripe can be detected by the naked eye, FeCl3 reaction or ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the extract from the spot by Beckman's quartz spectrophotmeter.
  • (第12報) Penicillium chrysogenum Q 176の黄色色素消失変異の遺伝生化学的研究(其の2)
    有馬 啓, 中村 秀雄, 駒形 和男
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 345-348
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    By paper chromatographic studies, using the conditions decided in the previous report, on the yellow pigments produced by Penicillium chrysoganum Q 176, it was acertained that only two pigments were produced by this mold and that these two spots have the RF, values of 0.65_??_0.66 and 0.49_??_0.50 respectively.
    These two pigments were identified as sorbicillin and penitrinc acid by comparison with the RF values and ultriviolet absorption spectrum of the extract of each sot to those of crystalline sorbicillin and penitrisic acid, which is kindly given by Dr. D. G. CRAM of California University, Dr. F. H. STODLA of NRRL and Dr. T. ODA of Yashima company and for whom the authors wish to express their sincere thanks:
  • 丸尾 文治, 中村 道徳, 大村 京生, 河野 哲郎, 松本 志郎
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 348-353
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The phosphate metabloism of Chlorella ellipsoides was investigated under several conditions using H3P32O4 as a tracer. In the light, the activity added to the external medium incorporated into the chlorella cells much more quickly than in the dark. Presence of CO2 and/or O2 showed little effects The incorporation in the light was inhibited by NaN3 Or KCN. The chlorella cells treated in various conditions were harvested and the distribution of the amount of phosphate and of the activity was compared. Any remarkable change caused by presence and absence of light, CO2 or CO2+O2, was not detected.
  • (第2報) Chromatostripに依る分別,定性
    福士 俊一, 小幡 彌太郎
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 353-355
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Separation and identification of blue campher azulene have been introduced by using adsorbent coated glass strips.
    RF Values.
    Silicic acid Alumina
    Adsorbent coating petr. ether alcohol petr. ether
    azulene 0.76 0.02 0.96
    cadalene 0.88 0.61 0.98
    1, 6-dimethyl naphthalene 0.90 0.64 0.98
  • 高橋 重作
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 355-358
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recently, the author attempted to study a biochemical chain-relation of vitamin B12 nutrition in silk worms and mulberry leaves.
    1) At first, the content of vitamin B12 in silk worms was estimatee by the Euglena assay, and the results were obtained as shown in Table 1, 2, and Fig. 1, 2.
    2) Then, the relation between vitamin Bu nutrition in silk worm and mulberry leaves were studied. The detective experiments of vitamin Bu were repeated by paper chromatography, bioautography etc., but all results were completely negative (Table 3 and Fig. 3, 4)
    It might be safe to assume that vitamuin B12 in the silk worm are being produced by some organ of its body or by the microflora which is found ip its intestinal organs.
  • (第11報)低沸点香氣成分(その2)
    横塚 保
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 359-363
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The flavorous substances in the first steam distillate of Soy-cake, of which the boiling point is below 75°, were studied, and some mercaptane and its mercaptal were identified, besides acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n- and isobutyraldehyde and is oval eraldehyde.
    According to the elementary analysis of continued distillate, d. p. of Hg-salt and color-re actions, those S-compounds are supposed to be methylmercaptane and isobutyraldehyde dimethylmercaptal or allylmercaptane.
  • (第1報)國内産米麦粒における分布像について
    竹生 新治郎, 谷 達雄, 桜井 芳人
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 363-367
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    (1) 穀粒(米,小麦,大麦,〓麦)内におけるビタミンB1のチオクローム螢光の写真撮影により,その分布をほぼ的確に把握することができた. (2) 金粒内においては,何れの穀粒もB1は胚芽,糊粉層に多く,果種皮がエれに次ぎ,胚乳に最も少く,大麦では〓にも僅かに認められた. (3) 胚芽の内部においては,何れもB1は盤状体,表皮層,外胚葉に多い. (4) 米麦粒の糊粉層,米の胚乳においては,B1は細胞膜の内壁に認められた. (5) 小麦ではまた縦溝部の胎座に多く認められた.
  • (第2報)小麥藁稀硫酸前処理残渣からソーダパルプの製造に就いて
    渡辺 大藏
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 367-369
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The residue of wheat straw which is previously treated by diluted H2SO4 (50 lb/in2, pressure, 20_??_30 min., time; the maximum yield of yeast was obtained from the hydrolyzed liquor as shown in the preceding paper of this series-Part 1) was digeted by the soda process. The results are shown in Table 1_??_3.
    (1) The preteatment of 1.0% H2SO4 was too strong to produce pulp from the residue.
    (2) The residue of 0.5%H2SO4 preteatment was very easily digested by this process and excellently superior quality pulp (which may be used as rayon pulp, about 93% α-cellulose) was obtained with about 45% yield on the absolutely dried residue (about 30% yield on the absolutely dried wheat straw, the raw material).
  • (第3報)小麦藁稀硫酸前処理残渣から硫酸塩パルプの製造に就て
    渡辺 大蔵
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 370-372
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The 0.5% H2SO4 pretreated residue of wheat straw (50 lb/in2, press., 20_??_30 min., time) was digested by the sulphate process. The results are shown in Table 1_??_3.
    The residue was more easily digested by this process, and could obtained more pulp than by the soda process.
    Accordingly, this sulphate process will be better than the soda process, especially to make higher quality pulp for paper, but it will not be suitable for rayon pulp production.
  • 農藥の物理性に関する研究(第9報)
    鈴木 照鷹
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 372-376
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    作物茎葉を多方向を有する一群の集団と見做して均等に附着する最大附着量の条件を検討した.その結果
    1) 附着量は〓但しk=〓で与えられる.
    2) この附着量はbの増加と共に次第に不均一から均一の方向に進む.
    3) 附着が完全に均一になると(s-a)/bで表わされbの増加と共に減少する.
    4) 葉面の種類はa, b,及びθrに補助剤の種類並びに添加量はa, b, σ及びθrに影響を与える.
    5) 附着量を等しくするためにはsが増すとbも増す必要がある.
    6) 葉に褶曲が多いときは平滑の時より附着量が多く,平滑の時は小さい葉の方が大きい葉より多い.
    7) 葉面の附着量が減少する時は当然撒布薬剤濃度を増加しなければならない.
  • 各種定量菌株の比較
    酒井 平一, 宮沢 滋, 寺田 治
    1953 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 377-381
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Four test organisms for B12 assay, namely, L. lactis DORNER, L. leicltmannii, Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris, E. coli mutant were compared from the standpoint of bioassay of B12. About the stability of B12 responsing quality, E. coli mutant seems to be inferior to other. three organisms. We calculated the error range of B12 standerd curve of these organisms and concluded that the accuracies of them are almost the same (error range is about 10_??_15%). As a result of factorial analysis by statistical method, we found that autoclaving conditoin is the most influencing factor for growth of lactobacilli, and for Euglena, size of inoculation is most influencing. The inhibition effect of antibiotics present in samples was studied. Two strains of lactobacilli are sensitive to inhibitory effect of penicillin and Lbacitracin, but Euglena can grow normally in presence of the antibiotics.
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